NASM Nutrition Certification (EXAM)
2-Compartment Model - ANSAny method of body-composition assessment that divides the
body into two major parts - typically, these parts are fat mass and fat-free mass. Most
common methods of body-composition assessment use a 2-compartment model.
ANS1: Three Principles of Healthy Eating An eating pattern is the sum of all the foods and
drinks consumed. 2. Nutritional needs should be met primarily from nutrient-dense foods
3. Healthy eating patterns are adaptable
The 3-Compartment Model is an ANSA method of assessing body composition that divides
the body into three main parts: water, fat, and everything else (the residual). The
4-Compartment Model is an ANSA method for determining a person's body composition that
divides the body into four main parts: fat mass, water, bone, and everything else (the
residual). These models are viewed as a gold-standard method of body-composition
assessment.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR): The Food and Nutrition Board of the
National Academy of Medicine recommended an ANSA range of carbohydrate, protein, and
fat intakes to meet most people's nutritional needs and lower their risk of chronic disease.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR): The Food and Nutrition Board of the
National Academy of Medicine recommended an ANSA range of carbohydrate, protein, and
fat intakes to meet most people's nutritional needs and lower their risk of chronic disease.
Carbs: 45-65%
Fat: 25-35%
10-35% protein Acetaldehyde - ANSThe toxic product of ethanol metabolism, which has to
be further metabolized immediately to avoid its toxic effects.
Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase - ANSThe enzyme used to metabolize toxic acetaldehyde.
Acetyl-CoA - ANSA molecule that participates in biochemical reactions in protein,
carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, producing energy.
Acid-Base Balance (ANS): The process of achieving equilibrium between molecules that are
acidic and those that are alkaline. Acrylamide is a very dangerous chemical that can be
made when starchy foods like French fries are cooked. The act of mindfully hearing and
attempting to comprehend the meaning of spoken words in a conversation is called active
listening (ANS). Ad Libitum, which means "as desired" in Latin, means to eat or drink as you
normally would (i.e., not intentionally overeat or undereat). Added Sugar - ANSThe quantity
of sugar that has been added to a food item (does not include sugar that is present in the
food naturally). Recommendations for Added Sugars - ANS Some health experts
recommend consuming no more than 5% of one's energy from added sugars. For a standard
2,000-kcal diet, this amounts to about 25 grams of added sugar or roughly ½ of a can of
soda pop. That is not a lot and speaks volumes on how quickly these hidden sugars can
add up.
The life's energy currency is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or ANS. chemical compound
that powers muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and the vast majority of
chemical reactions that make human life possible. When an RDA cannot be determined, the
adequate intake (AI) is used. The AI is the recommended average daily intake level based
on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by groups of
,apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate. Adipose tissue's fat-storing
cells are called adipocytes or ANS cells. Adipose Tissue - ANSThe loose connective tissue
composed of fat cells for stored energy.
Adiposity - ANSA condition of being severely overweight or obese.
Aerobic Energy System - ANSvirtually unlimited capacity for making ATP, uses carbs, fat,
protein for fuel. Slow to produce ATP. Lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to a few hours.
A positive statement about a client's character that acknowledges their efforts is called an
affirmation. Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) is an ANSA body composition
assessment technique that uses air displacement to estimate a person's three-dimensional
body volume while they sit in a sealed chamber. Albumin is an ANSA protein that helps draw
water from the surrounding tissue into the blood vessel and can be found in the blood
stream. Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) - ANS The primary enzyme responsible for ethanol
metabolism. Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA) - ANSAn essential omega-3 fatty acid that is
converted into EPA and DHA within the body, albeit in limited amounts.
A client with ambivalence wants to change but also does not want to change. Ambivalence
is the state of having mixed feelings about change. Amino Acids - ANSThe organic building
blocks of proteins containing both a carboxyl and an amino group.
Aminopeptidases - ANSEnzymes that cleave individual amino acids from a peptide chain so
they may be absorbed.
Amotivation - ANSA state in which a person is not motivated to behave.
Amylopectin is a branched-chain, digestible form of glucose-containing starch. Amylose is a
straight-chain, digestible form of glucose-containing starch. Anabolic Resistance - ANSA
blunted muscle synthesis response to resistance training, amino acids, and protein -
observed more in older adults than younger populations.
Anabolic Response - ANSWhere there is net-positive protein balance (i.e., there is more
protein synthesis than there is protein breakdown) - there is a net building of protein.
Anaerobic Glycolytic System - ANSGlucose is used for fuel and is either blood glucose or
muscle glycogen, broken down in to pyruvic acid, when there is insufficient oxygen it then is
transformed into lactic acid. Energy up to 2 minutes.
Anaerobic System - ANSThis describes energy production systems/pathways in the body in
which oxygen is not present. Activity that leads to energy production via the anaerobic
system will cause an accumulation in hydrogen ions and lactic acid.
Anecdote - ANSan account of a person's experience or event
Anorexia Nervosa (ANS) is a eating disorder marked by extremely low body mass index
(BMI). <15 extremely dangerous
Anti-Fat Bias - ANSMaking people feel bad about being overweight or obese. The
Antioxidant System (ANSA) is a chain of chemical reactions in the body that help restore
molecular damage caused by rising levels of oxidative stress and ensure that the body has
enough antioxidants to function normally. ANSA is a synthetic, non-nutritive artificial
sweetener. ATP-PC system - ANSenergy system producing ATP during high intensity, short
duration exercise. Phosphocreatine decomposes and releases large amount of energy used
to construct ATP. provides energy for muscle contraction for up to 10 seconds.
Autonomous Motives (ANS)Behaviors that are performed with a sense of choice and
volition—individuals who are autonomously motivated want to perform the action. Autonomy
- ANSThe feeling of freedom from external influences or control - the individual is perceived
to be the source of their own behavior.
, Baroreceptors - ANSSpecialized nerves that can sense change in pressure in the heart or
blood vessels.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - ANSThe rate at which the body uses energy to continue
essential functions like breathing and keeping warm when it is at rest. Benefits of GMOs:
Less land is farmed when GMO crops are used Increased crop yields
increased levels of nutrients Improvements in food processing
decreased exposure to pesticides Benefits of Polyphenols - ANSBrain function
Vascular health
cancer treatment Management of inflammation Beriberi - ANSA condition of thiamine
deficiency that affects either the cardiovascular system, the nervous system, or both.
Beta Alanine - ANSFor healthy individuals who perform primarily high-intensity exercise
lasting 30 seconds to 10 minutes, beta alanine supplementation may offer a performance
benefit. Typical use includes a 2- to 4-week loading phase using 4 to 6 grams daily in
divided doses. Skin tingling, a phenomenon known as paresthesia, is a reported side effect
and may be minimized by taking daily doses in two to three smaller servings throughout the
day and may diminish with continued use.
Beta-Oxidation - ANSThe process that occurs within the cell's mitochondria to produce
glycerol and fatty acids.
Bile is an alkaline fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder that aids in
digestion. Binge Drinking - ANSConsumption of a large amount of alcohol in a single
session.
Binge-Eating Disorder - ANSEating disorder characterized by frequent consumption of an
unusually large amount of food along with a feeling of loss of control and/or the inability to
stop eating.
Bioavailability - ANSThe extent to which an ingredient, food, or other substance is absorbed
by the body.
Bioavailability - ANSThe extent to which an ingredient, food, or other substance is absorbed
by the body.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - ANSA technology that estimates body composition
based on the fluid content - by determining how easily small electrical currents travel through
the body, BIA can predict the amount of lean tissue (higher water content and easier flow of
electricity) and fat tissue (lower water content and more resistance to electrical currents).
Measurements and calculations pertaining to human physical characteristics are referred to
as biometrics - ANS. The most commonly used name for vitamin B7 is biotin (ANS). Blood
Alcohol Content (BAC) - ANSThe ratio of ethanol to water in the blood. Body Composition -
ANSThe makeup of an individual's body - major components of interest include fat mass and
fat-free mass (i.e., water, bone, protein, etc.)
Body Density, or ANS, is the calculated thickness of the fat beneath the skin at specific
points. Body Ideal - ANSRefers to what a person believes or wishes their own body looked
like.
Body Image - ANSHow someone perceives his or her body to look, which may not be how
the person actually looks.
Body Mass Index (BMI) is the ratio of a person's height to weight, usually expressed in
kilograms/meter2. Based on a person's measurable height, weight, body fat percentage, and
waist circumference, Body Reality - ANS The ANSA food mass that has been chewed and is
now ready to be swallowed is called a bolus. Branched Chain Amino Acid (ANS) The three
essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) are abundant in skeletal muscle tissue
2-Compartment Model - ANSAny method of body-composition assessment that divides the
body into two major parts - typically, these parts are fat mass and fat-free mass. Most
common methods of body-composition assessment use a 2-compartment model.
ANS1: Three Principles of Healthy Eating An eating pattern is the sum of all the foods and
drinks consumed. 2. Nutritional needs should be met primarily from nutrient-dense foods
3. Healthy eating patterns are adaptable
The 3-Compartment Model is an ANSA method of assessing body composition that divides
the body into three main parts: water, fat, and everything else (the residual). The
4-Compartment Model is an ANSA method for determining a person's body composition that
divides the body into four main parts: fat mass, water, bone, and everything else (the
residual). These models are viewed as a gold-standard method of body-composition
assessment.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR): The Food and Nutrition Board of the
National Academy of Medicine recommended an ANSA range of carbohydrate, protein, and
fat intakes to meet most people's nutritional needs and lower their risk of chronic disease.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR): The Food and Nutrition Board of the
National Academy of Medicine recommended an ANSA range of carbohydrate, protein, and
fat intakes to meet most people's nutritional needs and lower their risk of chronic disease.
Carbs: 45-65%
Fat: 25-35%
10-35% protein Acetaldehyde - ANSThe toxic product of ethanol metabolism, which has to
be further metabolized immediately to avoid its toxic effects.
Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase - ANSThe enzyme used to metabolize toxic acetaldehyde.
Acetyl-CoA - ANSA molecule that participates in biochemical reactions in protein,
carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, producing energy.
Acid-Base Balance (ANS): The process of achieving equilibrium between molecules that are
acidic and those that are alkaline. Acrylamide is a very dangerous chemical that can be
made when starchy foods like French fries are cooked. The act of mindfully hearing and
attempting to comprehend the meaning of spoken words in a conversation is called active
listening (ANS). Ad Libitum, which means "as desired" in Latin, means to eat or drink as you
normally would (i.e., not intentionally overeat or undereat). Added Sugar - ANSThe quantity
of sugar that has been added to a food item (does not include sugar that is present in the
food naturally). Recommendations for Added Sugars - ANS Some health experts
recommend consuming no more than 5% of one's energy from added sugars. For a standard
2,000-kcal diet, this amounts to about 25 grams of added sugar or roughly ½ of a can of
soda pop. That is not a lot and speaks volumes on how quickly these hidden sugars can
add up.
The life's energy currency is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or ANS. chemical compound
that powers muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and the vast majority of
chemical reactions that make human life possible. When an RDA cannot be determined, the
adequate intake (AI) is used. The AI is the recommended average daily intake level based
on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by groups of
,apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate. Adipose tissue's fat-storing
cells are called adipocytes or ANS cells. Adipose Tissue - ANSThe loose connective tissue
composed of fat cells for stored energy.
Adiposity - ANSA condition of being severely overweight or obese.
Aerobic Energy System - ANSvirtually unlimited capacity for making ATP, uses carbs, fat,
protein for fuel. Slow to produce ATP. Lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to a few hours.
A positive statement about a client's character that acknowledges their efforts is called an
affirmation. Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) is an ANSA body composition
assessment technique that uses air displacement to estimate a person's three-dimensional
body volume while they sit in a sealed chamber. Albumin is an ANSA protein that helps draw
water from the surrounding tissue into the blood vessel and can be found in the blood
stream. Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) - ANS The primary enzyme responsible for ethanol
metabolism. Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA) - ANSAn essential omega-3 fatty acid that is
converted into EPA and DHA within the body, albeit in limited amounts.
A client with ambivalence wants to change but also does not want to change. Ambivalence
is the state of having mixed feelings about change. Amino Acids - ANSThe organic building
blocks of proteins containing both a carboxyl and an amino group.
Aminopeptidases - ANSEnzymes that cleave individual amino acids from a peptide chain so
they may be absorbed.
Amotivation - ANSA state in which a person is not motivated to behave.
Amylopectin is a branched-chain, digestible form of glucose-containing starch. Amylose is a
straight-chain, digestible form of glucose-containing starch. Anabolic Resistance - ANSA
blunted muscle synthesis response to resistance training, amino acids, and protein -
observed more in older adults than younger populations.
Anabolic Response - ANSWhere there is net-positive protein balance (i.e., there is more
protein synthesis than there is protein breakdown) - there is a net building of protein.
Anaerobic Glycolytic System - ANSGlucose is used for fuel and is either blood glucose or
muscle glycogen, broken down in to pyruvic acid, when there is insufficient oxygen it then is
transformed into lactic acid. Energy up to 2 minutes.
Anaerobic System - ANSThis describes energy production systems/pathways in the body in
which oxygen is not present. Activity that leads to energy production via the anaerobic
system will cause an accumulation in hydrogen ions and lactic acid.
Anecdote - ANSan account of a person's experience or event
Anorexia Nervosa (ANS) is a eating disorder marked by extremely low body mass index
(BMI). <15 extremely dangerous
Anti-Fat Bias - ANSMaking people feel bad about being overweight or obese. The
Antioxidant System (ANSA) is a chain of chemical reactions in the body that help restore
molecular damage caused by rising levels of oxidative stress and ensure that the body has
enough antioxidants to function normally. ANSA is a synthetic, non-nutritive artificial
sweetener. ATP-PC system - ANSenergy system producing ATP during high intensity, short
duration exercise. Phosphocreatine decomposes and releases large amount of energy used
to construct ATP. provides energy for muscle contraction for up to 10 seconds.
Autonomous Motives (ANS)Behaviors that are performed with a sense of choice and
volition—individuals who are autonomously motivated want to perform the action. Autonomy
- ANSThe feeling of freedom from external influences or control - the individual is perceived
to be the source of their own behavior.
, Baroreceptors - ANSSpecialized nerves that can sense change in pressure in the heart or
blood vessels.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - ANSThe rate at which the body uses energy to continue
essential functions like breathing and keeping warm when it is at rest. Benefits of GMOs:
Less land is farmed when GMO crops are used Increased crop yields
increased levels of nutrients Improvements in food processing
decreased exposure to pesticides Benefits of Polyphenols - ANSBrain function
Vascular health
cancer treatment Management of inflammation Beriberi - ANSA condition of thiamine
deficiency that affects either the cardiovascular system, the nervous system, or both.
Beta Alanine - ANSFor healthy individuals who perform primarily high-intensity exercise
lasting 30 seconds to 10 minutes, beta alanine supplementation may offer a performance
benefit. Typical use includes a 2- to 4-week loading phase using 4 to 6 grams daily in
divided doses. Skin tingling, a phenomenon known as paresthesia, is a reported side effect
and may be minimized by taking daily doses in two to three smaller servings throughout the
day and may diminish with continued use.
Beta-Oxidation - ANSThe process that occurs within the cell's mitochondria to produce
glycerol and fatty acids.
Bile is an alkaline fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder that aids in
digestion. Binge Drinking - ANSConsumption of a large amount of alcohol in a single
session.
Binge-Eating Disorder - ANSEating disorder characterized by frequent consumption of an
unusually large amount of food along with a feeling of loss of control and/or the inability to
stop eating.
Bioavailability - ANSThe extent to which an ingredient, food, or other substance is absorbed
by the body.
Bioavailability - ANSThe extent to which an ingredient, food, or other substance is absorbed
by the body.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) - ANSA technology that estimates body composition
based on the fluid content - by determining how easily small electrical currents travel through
the body, BIA can predict the amount of lean tissue (higher water content and easier flow of
electricity) and fat tissue (lower water content and more resistance to electrical currents).
Measurements and calculations pertaining to human physical characteristics are referred to
as biometrics - ANS. The most commonly used name for vitamin B7 is biotin (ANS). Blood
Alcohol Content (BAC) - ANSThe ratio of ethanol to water in the blood. Body Composition -
ANSThe makeup of an individual's body - major components of interest include fat mass and
fat-free mass (i.e., water, bone, protein, etc.)
Body Density, or ANS, is the calculated thickness of the fat beneath the skin at specific
points. Body Ideal - ANSRefers to what a person believes or wishes their own body looked
like.
Body Image - ANSHow someone perceives his or her body to look, which may not be how
the person actually looks.
Body Mass Index (BMI) is the ratio of a person's height to weight, usually expressed in
kilograms/meter2. Based on a person's measurable height, weight, body fat percentage, and
waist circumference, Body Reality - ANS The ANSA food mass that has been chewed and is
now ready to be swallowed is called a bolus. Branched Chain Amino Acid (ANS) The three
essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) are abundant in skeletal muscle tissue
