QUIZ #1 INTRODUCTION TO
CORRECTIONS EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Elam Lynds - Answer-Warden of the Newley opened Auburn prison in 1821, he
developed the congregate system and a regimen of strict discipline:
Positivist School - Answer-An approach to criminology based on the assumption that
human behavior is a product of biological, economic, psychological, and social
factors and that the scientific method can be applied to ascertain the causes of
individual behavior:
Community Corrections - Answer-A model of corrections based on the assumption
that reintegrating the offender into the community should be the primary goal of the
justice system:
Crime Control - Answer-The period of American corrections that features sentencing
guidelines and a new punitive agenda is the ___ era
Probation
Parole
Indeterminate sentences - Answer-Three Progressive reforms in corrections include:
Auburn Penitentiary - Answer-The "Congregate" system of prison discipline was first
instituted at the:
The Great Law based on humane Quaker principles emphasizing hard labor in a
house of correction for most crimes - Answer-With the arrival of William Penn in
1862, Pennsylvania adopted:
Alexander Maconochie - Answer-The 19th century reformer challenged the English
corrections establishment by urging that the "mark system" of graduated terms of
confinement be established"
Elmira Reformatory - Answer-The first institution to embody the principles of the
Cincinnati Prison Congress was:
Treatment of criminals and classification systems to diagnose offenders - Answer-
With the rise of the medical model, the emphasis of corrections shifted to:
Jeremy Bentham - Answer-The developer of the Panopticon design of prison
Jeremy Bentham - Answer-Who came up with the concept of the "hedonistic
calculus"?
quakers - Answer-The religious group that implemented humanistic ideas in America
and influenced correctional reform was:
, Separate System - Answer-The ____ was a penitentiary system developed in
Pennsylvania in which each inmate was held in isolation from other inmates
England - Answer-The idea of the penitentiary came from which country?
Fines
The pillories
Death - Answer-In the Colonial period, which of the following were common penalties
for criminal offenders?
Sharply increased - Answer-Between 1790 and 1830, the population in both rural
and urban America had:
Optimistically
With a belief in a persons perfectibility
As deviance being a part of human nature - Answer-The ideas of Beccaria, Bentham
and Howard conincided with the ideals of the Declaration of Independence. All of
these viewed human nature:
Congregate system - Answer-The New York system is also called the:
Determinate sentences - Answer-Which of the following was NOT part of the
reformatory:
Benjamin Rush - Answer-Physician, Patriot, signer of the Declaration of
Independence and social reformer, he advocated the penitentiary as replacement for
capital punishment:
Anti-penitentiary movement - Answer-English novelist Charles Dickens was:
a small number of offenders is responsible for a disproportionate number of violent
and property crimes - Answer-The concept of selective incapacitation rests on the
idea that:
Imprisonment - Answer-According to Clear and Cole, this is the most visible penalty
imposed by the criminal justice system:
Determinate sentence - Answer-A sentence given with a specific number of years
rather than a range of years is a:
Retribution - Answer-Punishment inflicted on a person who deserves to be penalized
or punished is:
Deterrence - Answer-A political who is "taught on crime" in order to send a message
to would-be criminals is promoting:
Incapacitation - Answer-People who feel we should "lock them up and throw away
the key" are promoting:
CORRECTIONS EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Elam Lynds - Answer-Warden of the Newley opened Auburn prison in 1821, he
developed the congregate system and a regimen of strict discipline:
Positivist School - Answer-An approach to criminology based on the assumption that
human behavior is a product of biological, economic, psychological, and social
factors and that the scientific method can be applied to ascertain the causes of
individual behavior:
Community Corrections - Answer-A model of corrections based on the assumption
that reintegrating the offender into the community should be the primary goal of the
justice system:
Crime Control - Answer-The period of American corrections that features sentencing
guidelines and a new punitive agenda is the ___ era
Probation
Parole
Indeterminate sentences - Answer-Three Progressive reforms in corrections include:
Auburn Penitentiary - Answer-The "Congregate" system of prison discipline was first
instituted at the:
The Great Law based on humane Quaker principles emphasizing hard labor in a
house of correction for most crimes - Answer-With the arrival of William Penn in
1862, Pennsylvania adopted:
Alexander Maconochie - Answer-The 19th century reformer challenged the English
corrections establishment by urging that the "mark system" of graduated terms of
confinement be established"
Elmira Reformatory - Answer-The first institution to embody the principles of the
Cincinnati Prison Congress was:
Treatment of criminals and classification systems to diagnose offenders - Answer-
With the rise of the medical model, the emphasis of corrections shifted to:
Jeremy Bentham - Answer-The developer of the Panopticon design of prison
Jeremy Bentham - Answer-Who came up with the concept of the "hedonistic
calculus"?
quakers - Answer-The religious group that implemented humanistic ideas in America
and influenced correctional reform was:
, Separate System - Answer-The ____ was a penitentiary system developed in
Pennsylvania in which each inmate was held in isolation from other inmates
England - Answer-The idea of the penitentiary came from which country?
Fines
The pillories
Death - Answer-In the Colonial period, which of the following were common penalties
for criminal offenders?
Sharply increased - Answer-Between 1790 and 1830, the population in both rural
and urban America had:
Optimistically
With a belief in a persons perfectibility
As deviance being a part of human nature - Answer-The ideas of Beccaria, Bentham
and Howard conincided with the ideals of the Declaration of Independence. All of
these viewed human nature:
Congregate system - Answer-The New York system is also called the:
Determinate sentences - Answer-Which of the following was NOT part of the
reformatory:
Benjamin Rush - Answer-Physician, Patriot, signer of the Declaration of
Independence and social reformer, he advocated the penitentiary as replacement for
capital punishment:
Anti-penitentiary movement - Answer-English novelist Charles Dickens was:
a small number of offenders is responsible for a disproportionate number of violent
and property crimes - Answer-The concept of selective incapacitation rests on the
idea that:
Imprisonment - Answer-According to Clear and Cole, this is the most visible penalty
imposed by the criminal justice system:
Determinate sentence - Answer-A sentence given with a specific number of years
rather than a range of years is a:
Retribution - Answer-Punishment inflicted on a person who deserves to be penalized
or punished is:
Deterrence - Answer-A political who is "taught on crime" in order to send a message
to would-be criminals is promoting:
Incapacitation - Answer-People who feel we should "lock them up and throw away
the key" are promoting:
