Summary Essential Shell Navigation Guide: Unix/Linux Commands for Beginners

Shell Navigation Guide
Essential Commands for Navigating a Unix/Linux
System
In this guide, you will learn essential commands for navigating and manipulating files in a
Unix/Linux system. These commands are fundamental for working in the terminal and form
the backbone of daily tasks in any Unix-based operating system like Ubuntu.




Key Commands and Concepts

1. pwd - Print Working Directory

Displays the current directory you are in.​
Example:

$ pwd



2. ls - List Files and Directories

Lists all the files and directories in the current working directory.​
Example:

$ ls



3. cd - Change Directory

Navigate to another directory.​
Example:

$ cd /path/to/directory



4. touch - Create an Empty File

Creates an empty file.​
Example:

$ touch filename

, 5. mkdir - Create a Directory

Creates a new directory in the current location.​
Example:

$ mkdir directory_name



6. cp - Copy Files or Directories

Copies files or directories.​
Example:

$ cp source_file destination_file



7. mv - Move or Rename Files/Directories

Moves or renames files and directories.​
Example:

$ mv source_file destination_file



8. rm - Remove Files

Deletes files.​
Example:

$ rm filename



9. rmdir - Remove Empty Directories

Deletes an empty directory.​
Example:

$ rmdir directory_name




Practical Tasks
Create a File