Diabetes Mellitus, Exam Questions & Answers, Explained

Diabetes Mellitus, Exam Questions & Answers, Explained-A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Test your blood glucose levels every 8 hours." B. "Check your urine for ketones when blood glucose levels are greater than 240 mg/dL." C. "Withhold your usual daily dose of insulin." D. "Drink 240 to 360 milliliters of calorie-free liquids every 8 hours." - B. "Check your urine for ketones when blood glucose levels are greater than 240 mg/dL." This indicates DKA, pt should contact provider if he has moderate/large amounts of ketones in his urine. Pt should check BG level at least every 4-6 hr when he is also experiencing anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. During illness pt is at risk for hyperglycemia, so pt should take usual dose of insulin to keep BG levels w/in expected reference range. To prevent dehydration pt should drink 240-360 mL (8-12 oz) of calorie-free liquids every hour, if BG level is low he should drink fluids containing sugar. A nurse is teaching about disease management for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I am to take my blood sugar reading after meals." B. "Insulin allows me to eat ice cream at bedtime." C. "A weight reduction program will make me hypoglycemic." D. "I give the insulin injections in my abdominal area." - D. "I give the insulin injections in my abdominal area." Pt should give insulin injections in one anatomic area for consistent day-to-day absorption. The abdomen is the area for fastest absorption. A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for glimepiride. The nurse should teach the client to avoid which of the following drinks while taking this medication? A. Grapefruit juice B. Milk C. Alcohol D. Coffee - C. Alcohol The nurse should teach the pt to avoid alcohol while taking this med to prevent disulfiram reaction, such as nausea, headache, and hypoglycemia. Grapefruit juice can cause atorvastatin toxicity if used while taking atorvastatin. Milk, coffee, and caffeine do not interact with chlorpropamide.