NURS 6501 Final Exam 2

A child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is voiding smoky, brown-colored urine and asks the healthcare professional to explain what causes it. What explanation by the professional is best? Selected Answer: Presence of red blood cells Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom? Selected Answer: Excessive mucus production What is the primary pathologic alteration resulting from ankylosing spondylitis (AS)? Selected Answer: Inflammation of fibrocartilaginous joints of the vertebrae Which spinal tract carries the most nociceptive information? Selected Answer: Lateral spinothalamic Parents bring their 1-year-old child to the emergency department, reporting that the child has been irritable and pounding on her head, has projectile vomiting, and seems very sleepy for most of the last 3 days. What diagnostic testing does the healthcare professional prepare the child and parents for as the priority? Selected Answer: Lumbar puncture with CSF cultures A patient reports frequent nightmares. For which of these should the healthcare professional assess the patient? Selected Answer: History of traumatic event • Question i1 1 iout iof i1 ipoints lOMoARcPSD| • Question i8 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i9 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i10 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i12 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i13 1 iout iof i1 ipoints A newborn baby displays jaundice 20 hours after birth. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Draw blood to measure total bilirubin. Local signs and symptoms of Hodgkin disease-related lymphadenopathy are a result of what? Selected Answer: Pressure and obstruction Which bones are affected in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease? Selected Answer: Heads of the femur A patient has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and asks the healthcare professional to describe it. What description by the professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the presence of greater than 30% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood. A newborn has meconium ileus. What diagnostic test does the healthcare professional advise the parents about? Selected Answer: A sweat test A healthcare professional is educating a community men's group on symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The professional relates that most symptoms are a result of which pathophysiologic condition? Selected Answer: Compression of the urethra • Question i11 1 iout iof i1 ipoints lOMoARcPSD| • Question i14 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i15 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i16 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i17 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i18 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i19 0 iout iof i1 ipoints A patient in the healthcare clinic reports fatigue, weakness, and dyspnea, as well as pale conjunctiva of the eyes and brittle, concave nails. What assessment by the healthcare professional is most appropriate for the suspected anemia? Selected Answer: Oral mucus membranes and tongue Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in which type of cancer? Selected Answer: Vaginal cancer A healthcare professional is caring for a patient diagnosed with aphasia. What action by the professional would be best in working with this patient? Selected Answer: Provide speech therapy. What are the clinical manifestations of testicular cancer? Selected Answer: Firm, nontender testicular mass A person has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) that is positive for the Philadelphia chromosome. What statement by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: 1cThis is a very rare finding in adults who have ALL. 1d The healthcare professional directs a student to assess a teen who has Osgood-Schlatter disease. What assessment finding does the student anticipate for this disorder? Selected Answer: Tendinitis of the anterior patellar tendon Which statement by the healthcare professional accurately describes childhood asthma? lOMoARcPSD| • Question i21 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i22 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i23 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i24 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i25 1 iout iof i1 ipoints Selected Answer: An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency A healthcare professional is reviewing a patient's laboratory results and sees that the patient has a low reticulocyte count and a high iron level. Which type of anemia does the professional associate these findings with? Selected Answer: Anemia of chronic disease What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle? Selected Answer: Sudden increase of LH A patient has been hospitalized for a large deep vein thrombosis and states he is the third person in his family to have this condition in the last 2 years. What response by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: We can test your blood for factor V Leiden. A professor explains to a class that the reason lymph nodes enlarge and become tender during infection is because of what reason? Selected Answer: The nodes are inflamed. A healthcare professional advises a pregnant woman to add supplements of which nutrient to her diet to prevent birth defects? Selected Answer: Folate A parent brings a 10-year-old child to the clinic and reports a mottled appearance to the skin and legs cramps when the child is in physical education class. Physical assessment positive for upper extremity • Question i20 0 iout iof i1 ipoints lOMoARcPSD| • Question i26 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i27 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i28 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i29 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i31 1 iout iof i1 ipoints hypertension. What diagnostic testing or treatment does the healthcare professional prepare the family for? Selected Answer: An echocardiogram A person has abnormally severe tooth decay and erosion of the tooth enamel. What problem should the health care professional assess the person for? Selected Answer: Bulimia A healthcare professional had taught a pregnant woman about the risk of transmitting herpes simplex virus (HSV) from her to her fetus. What statement by the woman indicates the professional needs to provide more information? Selected Answer: The risk is higher when internal fetal monitoring devices are used. Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells? Selected Answer: Natural killer (NK) cells Which statement by the professor best describes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? Selected Answer: A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and the presence of bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray imaging What is the role of thromboxane A (TXA 2) in the secretion stage of hemostasis? Selected Answer: Stimulates the synthesis of serotonin. • Question i30 0 iout iof i1 ipoints lOMoARcPSD| • Question i32 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i33 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i34 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i35 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i36 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i37 1 iout iof i1 ipoints Parents report their 3-week-old infant who eats well and has gained weight began to have projectile vomiting for no apparent reason. What treatment option does the healthcare professional prepare to educate the parents on? Selected Answer: Corrective surgery A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy. What complication does the healthcare professional teach the parents is most important to control? Selected Answer: Respiratory infection To quickly assess a patient's nervous system for dysfunction, what assessment should the healthcare professional perform as the priority? Selected Answer: Pattern of breathing A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months? Selected Answer: 6 A patient has been diagnosed with lithium toxicity. Which electrolyte imbalance does the healthcare professional correlate with this condition? Selected Answer: Hyponatremia A severely malnourished patient is in the hospital to improve nutrition. On the second day, the patient reports palpitations and difficulty breathing. After placing the patient on a cardiac monitor, what action does the health care professional take next? Selected Answer: Have lab drawn for electrolyte levels. lOMoARcPSD| • Question i38 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i39 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i40 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i41 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i42 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i43 1 iout iof i1 ipoints Gait disturbances and instability are characteristic of which form of cerebral palsy? Selected Answer: Ataxic A healthcare professional works with recent refugees. A mother brings in her children who have been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. What action by the professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Arrange to test for parasitic infections. Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain? Selected Answer: Gate control theory (GCT) Which statement is likely true regarding children being treated for cancer with radiation therapy? Selected Answer: They will most likely have a successful remission of tumor growth. A patient had a seizure that consisted of impaired consciousness and the appearance of a dreamlike state. How does the healthcare professional chart this episode? Selected Answer: Focal seizure A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the parents want to know how this occurred. Which statement by the healthcare professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: Autosomal dominant inheritance Why is nasal congestion a serious threat to young infants? Selected Answer: Infants are obligatory nose breathers. lOMoARcPSD| • Question i45 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i47 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i48 0 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i49 1 iout iof i1 ipoints • Question i50 1 iout iof i1 ipoints A patient is in the Emergency Department with heat stroke. What finding does the healthcare provider associate with this condition? Selected Answer: Absence of sweating despite a high core temperature A student is learning about pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). What information does the student clarify with a study partner as being correct? Selected Answer: Such an inflammation may result in permanent changes to the ciliated epithelium of the fallopian tubes. In acute hypothermia, what physiologic change shunts blood away from the colder skin to the body core in an effort to decrease heat loss? Selected Answer: Peripheral vasoconstriction Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma? Selected Answer: IgE Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis? Selected Answer: Polycystic ovary syndrome An adult patient has been hospitalized with thrombocytopenia with a platelet count of 8000/mm 3. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Tell the patient not to get out of bed without assistance.