WGU D115 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam Questions

WGU D115 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam Questions Acquiring two abnormal sickle genes - ANSWER-Leads to sickle cell disease. .actinic keratosis - ANSWER-a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin .Active-acquired immunity - ANSWER-produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen. .Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis - ANSWER-Symptoms of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis include facial pain or pressure, postnasal drip, nasal congestion, upper jaw or tooth pain, nasal discharge, fever, and cough. .Acute gastritis - ANSWER-An inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can occur suddenly. .Acute Gouty Arthritis - ANSWER-Sudden joint inflammation, often at the big toe, due to uric acid. .Acute kidney injury - ANSWER-Sudden decline in kidney function, often reversible. .Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - ANSWER-Rapid loss of renal function due to damage to the kidneys; formerly called acute renal failure. .Acute otitis externa - ANSWER-Otitis externa is a condition that causes inflammation (redness and swelling) of the external ear canal. Otitis externa is often referred to as 'swimmer's ear' because repeated exposure to water can make the ear canal more vulnerable to inflammation. .Acute Otitis Media - ANSWER-The classic presentation of otitis media is otalgia, muffled hearing, popping sensation, and a recent history of a cold or flare up of allergic rhinitis. .Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) - ANSWER-Severe lung inflammation with bilateral infiltrates. .Adaptive immunity - ANSWER-Immune response mediated by T and B cells. .Addison's disease - ANSWER-Adrenal insufficiency leading to low cortisol and aldosterone. .Adenoids - ANSWER-Lymphoid tissue located behind the nose. .Airway narrowing - ANSWER-Constriction of air passages leading to breathing difficulties. .Airway remodeling - ANSWER-Long-term damage from uncontrolled airway inflammation. .Airway Restriction - ANSWER-Caused by hypertonia in Down syndrome. .Amniocentesis - ANSWER-Procedure to perform genetic studies on fetus. .anaphylactic shock - ANSWER-Severe allergic reaction .Anemia of chronic disease - ANSWER-Anemia caused by long-term inflammation or illness. .Angiotensin II - ANSWER-Hormone linked to myocardial hypertrophy in hypertension. .Angular cheilitis - ANSWER-Angular cheilitis is a condition that causes red, swollen patches in the corners of the mouth. The most common cause is a fungal infection. .Aortic atresia - ANSWER-Absent or small opening between aorta and left ventricle. .Arousal Symptoms - ANSWER-Include hypervigilance and increased startle response. .arterial blood gases - ANSWER-clinical test on arterial blood to identify the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide .Assessment of lifestyle and risk factors - ANSWER-A comprehensive evaluation of an individual's habits and potential health risks. .Atopic Dermatitis - ANSWER-Chronic inflammatory skin disease causing itchy, red skin. .Atrophic gastritis - ANSWER-An inflammation of the stomach lining that results in reduced secretion of stomach acid and microbial overgrowth. .Azotemia or uremia - ANSWER-High waste products in blood due to kidney failure. .Basilar crackles - ANSWER-Lung sounds indicating fluid overload in heart failure. .Basilar Skull Fracture - ANSWER-A Battle sign, or Battle's sign, is a bruise that indicates a fracture at the bottom of the skull. The type of fracture that causes Battle's sign is considered a medical emergency. .Benign ovarian cyst - ANSWER-Functional cyst from incomplete follicle maturation. .Bilateral infiltrates - ANSWER-Key feature in diagnosing ARDS. .Blood pressure measurement - ANSWER-First reading indicates hypertension if elevated. .BMP - ANSWER-Basic Metabolic Panel, a blood test that measures glucose, calcium, and electrolytes. .Bone Spurs - ANSWER-Bony projections that develop along joint margins. .BRCA1 - ANSWER-Genetic marker linked to breast cancer risk. .BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) - ANSWER-Measures kidney function; elevated in azotemia. .Capillary hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER-Increased pressure causing pulmonary edema. .Cardiac catheterization - ANSWER-Procedure to visualize heart and blood vessels. .cardiogenic shock - ANSWER-Shock caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure. .causes of primary hypertension - ANSWER-Genetics .CBC - ANSWER-Complete Blood Count, a blood test used to evaluate overall health and detect a variety of disorders. .Cerebral Concussion - ANSWER-Symptoms include headaches and forgetfulness.