RNSG 1430-Thermoregulation questions with
verified answers
AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES Ans✓✓✓ INFANTS:
*Do Not have heat-conserving capacity
*Have Brown-Adipose Tissue or Brown Fat
-provides heat production
*Limited insulation due to thin subcutaneous fat
OLDER ADULTS:
*slower circulation
*decreased vasoconstrictor responses
*reduced heat production, reduced shivering response, reduced perception of
environmental temperature
BODY TEMPERATURE STABILITY Ans✓✓✓ Newborn < children < adolescents,
adults
Elderly
− More sensitive than middle-age adults
− Decreased thermoregulatory control
− Loss of subcutaneous fat
− Environmental factors
− Illness
− CNS disorder
,BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE in NEWBORNS Ans✓✓✓ INFANTS:
*Do NOT have heat-conserving capacity
*Have "Brown Adipose Tissue" or "Brown Fat"
-provides heat production
*Limited insulation due to thin subcutaneous fat
CAUSES OF HYPOTHERMIA Ans✓✓✓ ¤Induced Hypothermia
− Deliberately lowering body temperature, reducing body's need for oxygen
¤Accidental
− Result of immersion in cold water, exposure
¤As body's core temperature falls
− Body tries to conserve core temperature at the expense of extremities
CLINICAL MANGEMENT-THERMOREGULATION Ans✓✓✓ Nursing interventions
Collaborative interventions
Pharmacological therapy-Antipyretics
Procedural therapies
Diagnostic studies
COLLABORATIVE CARE-HYPERTHERMIA Ans✓✓✓ Revolves around the underlying
cause
- Child with history of febrile illness
,• Nurse to teacher collaboration
• Ensure school staff knows what to do in event of seizure
• Adequate hydration
COLLABORATIVE FROSTBITE PREVENTIONS Ans✓✓✓ Primary Prevention
* Reduce Risk Factors
* Educate regarding avoidance to exposure and extreme temperatures
* Provide adequate resources
- Environmental controls, shelter and appropriate clothing
- Physical activity
- Social services - assess parent's ability to meet needs, financial constraints,
homelessness such as free clinics and manufacturing prescription programs
- Schools
Secondary Prevention
- Identify underlying cause
- Provide comfort
- Monitor vital signs closely
- Cardiorespiratory monitor
- Temperature regulation
- Prevent complications
Tertiary Prevention
- Remove from cold
- Provide warm environment - dry clothes
, - Warming blankets
- Administer warm oral fluids
- Keep limbs close to body
- Cover scalp with blanket or cap
- Apply warming pads to axillae, groin, forehead, and nape of neck
- Supply warm oral or intravenous fluids
- Warm fluid gastric lavage
Concept Map: Ans✓✓✓
CONDUCTION Ans✓✓✓ The direct transfer of heat from one substance to
another substance that it is touching.
CONSTANT FEVER Ans✓✓✓ little fluctuation, above normal temperature
CONVECTION Ans✓✓✓ The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or
movement of a liquid, gas, or air
Describe the clinical manifestations of Hyperthermia Ans✓✓✓ Clinical
manifestations vary, result in changes in set-point
- Normal → temperature near set-point (At set-point client feels neither hot or
cold, no chills
- Fever → set-point changes rapidly to higher than normal value
- Effects of tissue destruction, pyrogenic substances
Very high temperatures à damage parenchyma of cells throughout body
verified answers
AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES Ans✓✓✓ INFANTS:
*Do Not have heat-conserving capacity
*Have Brown-Adipose Tissue or Brown Fat
-provides heat production
*Limited insulation due to thin subcutaneous fat
OLDER ADULTS:
*slower circulation
*decreased vasoconstrictor responses
*reduced heat production, reduced shivering response, reduced perception of
environmental temperature
BODY TEMPERATURE STABILITY Ans✓✓✓ Newborn < children < adolescents,
adults
Elderly
− More sensitive than middle-age adults
− Decreased thermoregulatory control
− Loss of subcutaneous fat
− Environmental factors
− Illness
− CNS disorder
,BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE in NEWBORNS Ans✓✓✓ INFANTS:
*Do NOT have heat-conserving capacity
*Have "Brown Adipose Tissue" or "Brown Fat"
-provides heat production
*Limited insulation due to thin subcutaneous fat
CAUSES OF HYPOTHERMIA Ans✓✓✓ ¤Induced Hypothermia
− Deliberately lowering body temperature, reducing body's need for oxygen
¤Accidental
− Result of immersion in cold water, exposure
¤As body's core temperature falls
− Body tries to conserve core temperature at the expense of extremities
CLINICAL MANGEMENT-THERMOREGULATION Ans✓✓✓ Nursing interventions
Collaborative interventions
Pharmacological therapy-Antipyretics
Procedural therapies
Diagnostic studies
COLLABORATIVE CARE-HYPERTHERMIA Ans✓✓✓ Revolves around the underlying
cause
- Child with history of febrile illness
,• Nurse to teacher collaboration
• Ensure school staff knows what to do in event of seizure
• Adequate hydration
COLLABORATIVE FROSTBITE PREVENTIONS Ans✓✓✓ Primary Prevention
* Reduce Risk Factors
* Educate regarding avoidance to exposure and extreme temperatures
* Provide adequate resources
- Environmental controls, shelter and appropriate clothing
- Physical activity
- Social services - assess parent's ability to meet needs, financial constraints,
homelessness such as free clinics and manufacturing prescription programs
- Schools
Secondary Prevention
- Identify underlying cause
- Provide comfort
- Monitor vital signs closely
- Cardiorespiratory monitor
- Temperature regulation
- Prevent complications
Tertiary Prevention
- Remove from cold
- Provide warm environment - dry clothes
, - Warming blankets
- Administer warm oral fluids
- Keep limbs close to body
- Cover scalp with blanket or cap
- Apply warming pads to axillae, groin, forehead, and nape of neck
- Supply warm oral or intravenous fluids
- Warm fluid gastric lavage
Concept Map: Ans✓✓✓
CONDUCTION Ans✓✓✓ The direct transfer of heat from one substance to
another substance that it is touching.
CONSTANT FEVER Ans✓✓✓ little fluctuation, above normal temperature
CONVECTION Ans✓✓✓ The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or
movement of a liquid, gas, or air
Describe the clinical manifestations of Hyperthermia Ans✓✓✓ Clinical
manifestations vary, result in changes in set-point
- Normal → temperature near set-point (At set-point client feels neither hot or
cold, no chills
- Fever → set-point changes rapidly to higher than normal value
- Effects of tissue destruction, pyrogenic substances
Very high temperatures à damage parenchyma of cells throughout body
