RNSG 1430 Exam 2 Study Guide questions with verified
answers
A 72-year-old patient asks the nurse about using an over-the-counter
antihistamine as a sleeping pill to help get her to sleep. What is the nurse's best
response?
A. "Antihistamines are better than prescription medications because these can
cause a lot of problems."
B. "Antihistamines should not be used because they can cause confusion and
increase your risk of falls."
C. "Antihistamines are effective sleep aids because they do not have many side
effects."
D. "Over-the-counter medications when combined with sleep hygiene measures
are a good plan for sleep." Ans✓✓✓ B. "Antihistamines should not be used
because they can cause confusion and increase your risk of falls."
A diagnostic study that indicates renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, tubular
function, and excretion is a?
A. IVP (Intravenous pylogram)
B. VCUG (Voiding cystourethrogram)
C. Renal scan
D. Loopogram Ans✓✓✓ C. Renal scan
(Rationale: A renal scan is used to evaluate the anatomic structures, perfusion,
and function of kidneys. The scan shows the location, size, and shape of the
kidneys and helps assess blood flow, glomerular filtration, tubular function, and
,urinary excretion. In some facilities, a numerical value ("split" renal function) may
be assigned (i.e., percent contributed by each kidney).)
A furnace, stove, or fireplace that is not properly vented introduces what into the
environment? Ans✓✓✓ Carbon monoxide
A grandfather living in Japan worries about his two young grandsons who
disappeared after a tsunami. This is an example of:
A. Situational crisis
B. Maturational crisis
C. Adventitious crisis
D. Developmental crisis Ans✓✓✓ C. Adventitious crisis
(An adventitious crisis is a type of crisis resulting from a natural disaster such as a
tsunami)
A hospitalized patient has just been diagnosed with diarrhea due to Clostridium
difficile. Which nursing interventions should be included in the patient's plan of
care (select all that apply.)?
A. Initiate contact isolation precautions.
B. Place the patient on a clear liquid diet.
C. Disinfect the room with 10% bleach solution.
D. Teach any visitors to wear gloves and gowns.
E. Use hand sanitizer before and after patient or bodily fluid contact. Ans✓✓✓ A.
Initiate contact isolation precautions.
,C. Disinfect the room with 10% bleach solution.
D. Teach any visitors to wear gloves and gowns.
(Initiation of contact isolation precautions must be done immediately with a
patient with C. difficile, which includes washing hands with soap and water before
and after patient or bodily fluid contact. Alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective.
Visitors need to be taught to wear gloves and gowns and wash hands. A clear
liquid diet is not necessary. The room will be disinfected with 10% bleach solution
when the patient is dismissed and may be done periodically during the patient's
stay, depending on the agency policy.)
A patient after a stroke who primarily uses a wheelchair for mobility has
developed diarrhea with fecal incontinence. What is a priority assessment by the
nurse?
A. Fecal impaction
B. Perineal hygiene
C. Dietary fiber intake
D. Antidiarrheal agent use Ans✓✓✓ A. Fecal impaction
(Patients with limited mobility are at risk for fecal impactions caused by
constipation that may lead to liquid stool leaking around the hardened impacted
feces, so assessing for fecal impaction is the priority. Perineal hygiene can be
assessed at the same time. Assessing the dietary fiber and fluid intake and
antidiarrheal agent use will be assessed and considered next.)
A patient is admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash
with suspected abdominal trauma. What assessment finding by the nurse is of
highest priority?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Hyperactive bowel sounds
C. Firmly distended abdomen
, D. Abrasions on all extremities Ans✓✓✓ C. Firmly distended abdomen
(Clinical manifestations of abdominal trauma are guarding and splinting of the
abdominal wall; a hard, distended abdomen (indicating possible intraabdominal
bleeding); decreased or absent bowel sounds; contusions, abrasions, or bruising
over the abdomen; abdominal pain; pain over the scapula; hematemesis or
hematuria; and signs of hypovolemic shock (tachycardia and decreased blood
pressure).)
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diarrhea with
dehydration. The nurse recognizes that increased peristalsis resulting in diarrhea
can be related to?
A. Sympathetic inhibition
B. Mixing and propulsion
C. Sympathetic stimulation
D. Parasympathetic stimulation Ans✓✓✓ D. Parasympathetic stimulation
(Peristalsis is increased by parasympathetic stimulation.)
A patient who is having difficulty managing his diabetes mellitus response to the
news that his hemoglobin A1C, a measure of blood sugar control over the past 90
days, has increased by saying, "The hemoglobin A1C is wrong. My blood sugar
levels have been excellent for the last six months." Which defense mechanism is
the patient using?
A. Denial
B. Conversion
C. Dissociation
D. Displacement Ans✓✓✓ A. Denial
answers
A 72-year-old patient asks the nurse about using an over-the-counter
antihistamine as a sleeping pill to help get her to sleep. What is the nurse's best
response?
A. "Antihistamines are better than prescription medications because these can
cause a lot of problems."
B. "Antihistamines should not be used because they can cause confusion and
increase your risk of falls."
C. "Antihistamines are effective sleep aids because they do not have many side
effects."
D. "Over-the-counter medications when combined with sleep hygiene measures
are a good plan for sleep." Ans✓✓✓ B. "Antihistamines should not be used
because they can cause confusion and increase your risk of falls."
A diagnostic study that indicates renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, tubular
function, and excretion is a?
A. IVP (Intravenous pylogram)
B. VCUG (Voiding cystourethrogram)
C. Renal scan
D. Loopogram Ans✓✓✓ C. Renal scan
(Rationale: A renal scan is used to evaluate the anatomic structures, perfusion,
and function of kidneys. The scan shows the location, size, and shape of the
kidneys and helps assess blood flow, glomerular filtration, tubular function, and
,urinary excretion. In some facilities, a numerical value ("split" renal function) may
be assigned (i.e., percent contributed by each kidney).)
A furnace, stove, or fireplace that is not properly vented introduces what into the
environment? Ans✓✓✓ Carbon monoxide
A grandfather living in Japan worries about his two young grandsons who
disappeared after a tsunami. This is an example of:
A. Situational crisis
B. Maturational crisis
C. Adventitious crisis
D. Developmental crisis Ans✓✓✓ C. Adventitious crisis
(An adventitious crisis is a type of crisis resulting from a natural disaster such as a
tsunami)
A hospitalized patient has just been diagnosed with diarrhea due to Clostridium
difficile. Which nursing interventions should be included in the patient's plan of
care (select all that apply.)?
A. Initiate contact isolation precautions.
B. Place the patient on a clear liquid diet.
C. Disinfect the room with 10% bleach solution.
D. Teach any visitors to wear gloves and gowns.
E. Use hand sanitizer before and after patient or bodily fluid contact. Ans✓✓✓ A.
Initiate contact isolation precautions.
,C. Disinfect the room with 10% bleach solution.
D. Teach any visitors to wear gloves and gowns.
(Initiation of contact isolation precautions must be done immediately with a
patient with C. difficile, which includes washing hands with soap and water before
and after patient or bodily fluid contact. Alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective.
Visitors need to be taught to wear gloves and gowns and wash hands. A clear
liquid diet is not necessary. The room will be disinfected with 10% bleach solution
when the patient is dismissed and may be done periodically during the patient's
stay, depending on the agency policy.)
A patient after a stroke who primarily uses a wheelchair for mobility has
developed diarrhea with fecal incontinence. What is a priority assessment by the
nurse?
A. Fecal impaction
B. Perineal hygiene
C. Dietary fiber intake
D. Antidiarrheal agent use Ans✓✓✓ A. Fecal impaction
(Patients with limited mobility are at risk for fecal impactions caused by
constipation that may lead to liquid stool leaking around the hardened impacted
feces, so assessing for fecal impaction is the priority. Perineal hygiene can be
assessed at the same time. Assessing the dietary fiber and fluid intake and
antidiarrheal agent use will be assessed and considered next.)
A patient is admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash
with suspected abdominal trauma. What assessment finding by the nurse is of
highest priority?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Hyperactive bowel sounds
C. Firmly distended abdomen
, D. Abrasions on all extremities Ans✓✓✓ C. Firmly distended abdomen
(Clinical manifestations of abdominal trauma are guarding and splinting of the
abdominal wall; a hard, distended abdomen (indicating possible intraabdominal
bleeding); decreased or absent bowel sounds; contusions, abrasions, or bruising
over the abdomen; abdominal pain; pain over the scapula; hematemesis or
hematuria; and signs of hypovolemic shock (tachycardia and decreased blood
pressure).)
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diarrhea with
dehydration. The nurse recognizes that increased peristalsis resulting in diarrhea
can be related to?
A. Sympathetic inhibition
B. Mixing and propulsion
C. Sympathetic stimulation
D. Parasympathetic stimulation Ans✓✓✓ D. Parasympathetic stimulation
(Peristalsis is increased by parasympathetic stimulation.)
A patient who is having difficulty managing his diabetes mellitus response to the
news that his hemoglobin A1C, a measure of blood sugar control over the past 90
days, has increased by saying, "The hemoglobin A1C is wrong. My blood sugar
levels have been excellent for the last six months." Which defense mechanism is
the patient using?
A. Denial
B. Conversion
C. Dissociation
D. Displacement Ans✓✓✓ A. Denial
