Queens BIOL 316 (fisheries) Midterm Questions With
Complete Solutions
3 approaches for understanding food intake Correct Answers -
1) gut analysis
- 2) stable isotopes
- 3) fatty acid profile
abiotic factors affecting early life? example? Correct Answers -
early life stages very sensitive to environmental disturbances
such as:
- 1) acute temp changes
- 2) acid run-off
- 3) currents
- 4) wave action
- e.g., temperature determine survival of bass (stable weather =
good year for survival of eggs and larva)
advantages of stable isotope analysis Correct Answers - 1)
compared to traditional dietary analysis, tissue sample turnover
is slow (e.g., shows you a years worth of crap vs the snapshot -
months-years)
- 2) especially useful for assessing the relative importance of
major pathways in food webs
- 3) good for determining whether two species feed similarly or
not
- 4) indicates components of diet that are actually assimilated
- 5) good for determining tropic level orgs are feeding at
- 6) good for determining spatial variations in nutrition
,Anadromous Correct Answers - subcategory of diadromous
fish in which most feeding and growth takes place in the sea
prior to the migration of adults to freshwater to reproduce (e.g.,
salmon)
analysis of fatty acid profiles Correct Answers - consumed
lipids are usually stored as free fatty acids that are largely
unchanged from those within the consumed organism
- fatty acids differ in diff foods
- fatty acid profilings determined by diet
- shows contents from weeks-months
aquaculture as a solution? Correct Answers - quick start meant
many things were not well thought out
- majority of aquaculture in cages in the ocean
aquatic anoxia Correct Answers - oxygen levels much lower
than normal
- can be caused by ice covered lakes, warm water, and alula
blooms (eutrification)
- some fish (e.g., gar) breath from the air using air bubbles
basic terminology of major early life history phases Correct
Answers - 1) egg
- 2) larva
- 3) juvenile
beach spawning Correct Answers - a form of mass spawning
that relies on tides
- grunion is the most well known example
- strategy believed to keep eggs away from predators
, Beaverton-Holt Model Correct Answers - also have
exponential growth when pop is small
- however, this model also incorporates the fact that there will be
some max carrying capacity reached when no more recruits can
be added regardless of increase in spawners
- assumes some type of juvenile density dependance is a limiting
factor (e.g., number of additional areas available for young fish
in a salmon stream - once all of these areas are occupied, it
doesnt matter how many more recruits are added - the stream
has reached carrying capacity)
big concern of intensive fishing Correct Answers - that it will
result in substantial changes in the way ecosystems work
biggest advantage of viviparity Correct Answers - protection
- eggs and embryos are safe from predators and adverse
conditions
BOFFF's Correct Answers - big old fat fecund female fish
- important because they are thought to produce higher quality
eggs (aka greater reproductive contribution to the population)
broad classification in fish feeding strategies Correct Answers -
1) detritivores
- 2) herbivores
- 3) carnivores
- 4) omnivores
carnivores Correct Answers - feed on live animals or parts
thereof
Complete Solutions
3 approaches for understanding food intake Correct Answers -
1) gut analysis
- 2) stable isotopes
- 3) fatty acid profile
abiotic factors affecting early life? example? Correct Answers -
early life stages very sensitive to environmental disturbances
such as:
- 1) acute temp changes
- 2) acid run-off
- 3) currents
- 4) wave action
- e.g., temperature determine survival of bass (stable weather =
good year for survival of eggs and larva)
advantages of stable isotope analysis Correct Answers - 1)
compared to traditional dietary analysis, tissue sample turnover
is slow (e.g., shows you a years worth of crap vs the snapshot -
months-years)
- 2) especially useful for assessing the relative importance of
major pathways in food webs
- 3) good for determining whether two species feed similarly or
not
- 4) indicates components of diet that are actually assimilated
- 5) good for determining tropic level orgs are feeding at
- 6) good for determining spatial variations in nutrition
,Anadromous Correct Answers - subcategory of diadromous
fish in which most feeding and growth takes place in the sea
prior to the migration of adults to freshwater to reproduce (e.g.,
salmon)
analysis of fatty acid profiles Correct Answers - consumed
lipids are usually stored as free fatty acids that are largely
unchanged from those within the consumed organism
- fatty acids differ in diff foods
- fatty acid profilings determined by diet
- shows contents from weeks-months
aquaculture as a solution? Correct Answers - quick start meant
many things were not well thought out
- majority of aquaculture in cages in the ocean
aquatic anoxia Correct Answers - oxygen levels much lower
than normal
- can be caused by ice covered lakes, warm water, and alula
blooms (eutrification)
- some fish (e.g., gar) breath from the air using air bubbles
basic terminology of major early life history phases Correct
Answers - 1) egg
- 2) larva
- 3) juvenile
beach spawning Correct Answers - a form of mass spawning
that relies on tides
- grunion is the most well known example
- strategy believed to keep eggs away from predators
, Beaverton-Holt Model Correct Answers - also have
exponential growth when pop is small
- however, this model also incorporates the fact that there will be
some max carrying capacity reached when no more recruits can
be added regardless of increase in spawners
- assumes some type of juvenile density dependance is a limiting
factor (e.g., number of additional areas available for young fish
in a salmon stream - once all of these areas are occupied, it
doesnt matter how many more recruits are added - the stream
has reached carrying capacity)
big concern of intensive fishing Correct Answers - that it will
result in substantial changes in the way ecosystems work
biggest advantage of viviparity Correct Answers - protection
- eggs and embryos are safe from predators and adverse
conditions
BOFFF's Correct Answers - big old fat fecund female fish
- important because they are thought to produce higher quality
eggs (aka greater reproductive contribution to the population)
broad classification in fish feeding strategies Correct Answers -
1) detritivores
- 2) herbivores
- 3) carnivores
- 4) omnivores
carnivores Correct Answers - feed on live animals or parts
thereof
