NUSCTX 10 PRACTICE TEST FOR
MIDTERM 1 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
The number of calories that people burn every day
may differ because of
a. Differences in lean body mass (e.g.,
muscle tissue).
b. Differences in genetics.
c. Differences in voluntary exercise
patterns.
d. Whether the person has recently gained
or lost weight.
e. All the above. - ANSWER-e. all of above
Programmed physiologic adaptations to protein-
calorie insufficiency may underlie some health-
related problems in humans, including
a. Impaired growth in malnourished
children and adolescents.
b. Lower bone mass in women than men.
c. Low sex hormone levels and loss of
menstrual periods in women with low
body weight.
d. Higher rate of lean tissue loss after 2
weeks of weight loss diets in obese
people, compared to the rate during the
first few days of dieting.
e. a and c - ANSWER-e. a and c
Phase 1 of prolonged fasting (the first several days)
includes
a. Adipose tissue synthesis of fatty acids
and their storage as fat.
b. Glycogen depletion in liver.
c. Very little loss of lean tissue such as
muscle protein.
d. Brain keto-adaptation.
e. c and d. - ANSWER-b. glycogen depletion in liver
Inflammation or infection in combination with
calorie deprivation is likely to lead to
a. Loss of more muscle protein than in
"simple" starvation.
b. High levels of white cells in blood.
c. Several alterations, including low serum
iron and zinc levels, fever and anemia.
,d. All the above
e. a and b - ANSWER-d. all of the above
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Body weight and body fat are the same.
b. A person may have normal body
weight but have a high amount of
body fat.
c. A person with low muscle mass, aerobic
fitness but low body weight has low risk
for CVD and all-cause mortality.
d. A person can have low amount of body
fat and still be obese.
e. None of the above. - ANSWER-b. a person may have normal body weight but
have a high amount of body fat
Metabolic "fitness" in a person
a. Relates to the person's capacity to do
aerobic work.
b. Tends to be associated with reduced
visceral fat stores, as in Sumo-wrestlers.
c. Is inversely correlated with
cardiovascular disease risk at all levels
of body weight.
d. Is incompatible with high amounts of
body fat and is not present if an
individual is obese.
e. a, b and c - ANSWER-e. a, b, and c
What is the most efficient and sustainable way to
treat obesity?
a. Leptin treatment
b. Voluntary exercise and reducing
energy dense foods
c. Thyroid hormone replacement to
increase metabolic rate
d. Most of the popular diets
e. None of the above - ANSWER-b. voluntary exercise and reducing energy dense
foods
Obesity is NOT associated with which of the
following medical conditions?
a. Liver disease
b. Hyperlipidemia
c. Marasmus
d. Alzheimer's disease
e. Colon cancer - ANSWER-c. marasmus
Female aerobic athletes, gymnasts, ballet dancers
often exhibit
, a. Low amounts of subcutaneous fat
b. Tendency to loss or irregularity of
menstrual periods
c. High incidence of stress fractures,
despite weight bearing activity
d. High levels of visceral fat
e. a, b and c - ANSWER-e. a, b, c
What may explain hypertrophic obesity being
associated with worse health outcomes than
hyperplastic obesity?
a. Small fat cells are more likely to take up
more insulin and reduce its interaction
with other tissues.
b. Big fat cells are more likely to "spill"
fatty acids into blood through
lipolysis, with adverse metabolic
effects.
c. Having more small fat cells will cause
adipose cells to migrate into the
bloodstream to liver and muscle.
d. Big fat cells secrete less leptin, so
energy expenditure is lower.
e. None of the above - ANSWER-b. big fat cells are more likely to "spill" fatty acids
into blood through lipolysis, with adverse metabolic effects
Which of the following statements regarding obesity
is TRUE?
a. Obesity is primarily a disease of wealthy
people.
b. Obesity is primarily a disease of adults
c. Obesity almost exclusively occurs in
developed countries
d. Obesity is often associated with
multiple risk factors for
cardiovascular disease.
e. Obesity is caused by type II diabetes. - ANSWER-d. obesity is often associated
with multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Paul weighs 150 pounds and consumes 2500
kcal/day. After trying a new flavor of ice cream,
Paul consumes 3000 kcal/day for the next year.
What is most likely to happen to Paul's body weight
if his lifestyle remains the same?
a. Increase by ~10-15 lbs. then stabilize
b. Decrease and then stabilize
c. Increase and keep increasing, because
he is in positive energy balance.
d. Not change initially as the body stores
calories, then increases body weight
MIDTERM 1 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
The number of calories that people burn every day
may differ because of
a. Differences in lean body mass (e.g.,
muscle tissue).
b. Differences in genetics.
c. Differences in voluntary exercise
patterns.
d. Whether the person has recently gained
or lost weight.
e. All the above. - ANSWER-e. all of above
Programmed physiologic adaptations to protein-
calorie insufficiency may underlie some health-
related problems in humans, including
a. Impaired growth in malnourished
children and adolescents.
b. Lower bone mass in women than men.
c. Low sex hormone levels and loss of
menstrual periods in women with low
body weight.
d. Higher rate of lean tissue loss after 2
weeks of weight loss diets in obese
people, compared to the rate during the
first few days of dieting.
e. a and c - ANSWER-e. a and c
Phase 1 of prolonged fasting (the first several days)
includes
a. Adipose tissue synthesis of fatty acids
and their storage as fat.
b. Glycogen depletion in liver.
c. Very little loss of lean tissue such as
muscle protein.
d. Brain keto-adaptation.
e. c and d. - ANSWER-b. glycogen depletion in liver
Inflammation or infection in combination with
calorie deprivation is likely to lead to
a. Loss of more muscle protein than in
"simple" starvation.
b. High levels of white cells in blood.
c. Several alterations, including low serum
iron and zinc levels, fever and anemia.
,d. All the above
e. a and b - ANSWER-d. all of the above
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Body weight and body fat are the same.
b. A person may have normal body
weight but have a high amount of
body fat.
c. A person with low muscle mass, aerobic
fitness but low body weight has low risk
for CVD and all-cause mortality.
d. A person can have low amount of body
fat and still be obese.
e. None of the above. - ANSWER-b. a person may have normal body weight but
have a high amount of body fat
Metabolic "fitness" in a person
a. Relates to the person's capacity to do
aerobic work.
b. Tends to be associated with reduced
visceral fat stores, as in Sumo-wrestlers.
c. Is inversely correlated with
cardiovascular disease risk at all levels
of body weight.
d. Is incompatible with high amounts of
body fat and is not present if an
individual is obese.
e. a, b and c - ANSWER-e. a, b, and c
What is the most efficient and sustainable way to
treat obesity?
a. Leptin treatment
b. Voluntary exercise and reducing
energy dense foods
c. Thyroid hormone replacement to
increase metabolic rate
d. Most of the popular diets
e. None of the above - ANSWER-b. voluntary exercise and reducing energy dense
foods
Obesity is NOT associated with which of the
following medical conditions?
a. Liver disease
b. Hyperlipidemia
c. Marasmus
d. Alzheimer's disease
e. Colon cancer - ANSWER-c. marasmus
Female aerobic athletes, gymnasts, ballet dancers
often exhibit
, a. Low amounts of subcutaneous fat
b. Tendency to loss or irregularity of
menstrual periods
c. High incidence of stress fractures,
despite weight bearing activity
d. High levels of visceral fat
e. a, b and c - ANSWER-e. a, b, c
What may explain hypertrophic obesity being
associated with worse health outcomes than
hyperplastic obesity?
a. Small fat cells are more likely to take up
more insulin and reduce its interaction
with other tissues.
b. Big fat cells are more likely to "spill"
fatty acids into blood through
lipolysis, with adverse metabolic
effects.
c. Having more small fat cells will cause
adipose cells to migrate into the
bloodstream to liver and muscle.
d. Big fat cells secrete less leptin, so
energy expenditure is lower.
e. None of the above - ANSWER-b. big fat cells are more likely to "spill" fatty acids
into blood through lipolysis, with adverse metabolic effects
Which of the following statements regarding obesity
is TRUE?
a. Obesity is primarily a disease of wealthy
people.
b. Obesity is primarily a disease of adults
c. Obesity almost exclusively occurs in
developed countries
d. Obesity is often associated with
multiple risk factors for
cardiovascular disease.
e. Obesity is caused by type II diabetes. - ANSWER-d. obesity is often associated
with multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Paul weighs 150 pounds and consumes 2500
kcal/day. After trying a new flavor of ice cream,
Paul consumes 3000 kcal/day for the next year.
What is most likely to happen to Paul's body weight
if his lifestyle remains the same?
a. Increase by ~10-15 lbs. then stabilize
b. Decrease and then stabilize
c. Increase and keep increasing, because
he is in positive energy balance.
d. Not change initially as the body stores
calories, then increases body weight
