BERKELEY NST 10 MIDTERM 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BERKELEY NST 10 MIDTERM 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Aspartame - ANSWER-Sugar substitute. You can't digest this if you have PKU

Nitrogen Balance - ANSWER-Nitrogen in = Nitrogen out
Total body protein does not change

Negative Nitrogen Balance - ANSWER-Nitrogen in < Nitrogen out
Total body protein decreases
(when you're sick)

Positive Nitrogen Balance - ANSWER-Nitrogen in > Nitrogen out
Total body protein increases
(in growth & pregnancy)

0.8g/kg of body weight - ANSWER-Adult protein requirement

Vitamins A, D, E, & K - ANSWER-Fat-Soluble Vitamins
(can be stored in body fat)

Vitamin A - ANSWER-Fat soluble vitamin
From animals (preformed)
From plant foods (precursor)
Key role in night vision & cell differentiation & growth regulation

Preformed= Retinoids
Precursor= Carotenoids

Retenoic Acid - ANSWER-Gene Expression
Regulates which proteins are made in what DNA

Keratin - ANSWER-Main structural constituent of hair, feathers, hoofs, claws

Vitamin D - ANSWER-Fat soluble vitamin
Sunshine Vitamin
Critical in bone and calcium homeostasis
Crucial for calcium absorbtion


Vitamin D Deficiency - ANSWER-Abnormal bone structure
Rickets
Osteomalacia

Vitamin E - ANSWER-Fat soluble vitamin
Chem name: Tocopherol
Antioxidant
It's transported like fat