MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY EXAM #2
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
skull - Answer-bony structure of the head that consists of the cranium and facial
bones
sphenoid bone - Answer-large, irregular bone that forms the central base of the
cranium and the posterior walls of the eye sockets. It contains the sphenoid sinuses.
A bony cup in the sphenoid bone holds the pituitary gland
suture - Answer-joint where one cranial bone meets another. Examples: coronal
suture, sagittal suture
temporal bones - Answer-bones that form the lower sides of the cranium, They
contain the openings of the external ear canals. Bony landmarks include the mastoid
process behind the ear and the pointed styloid process, a point of attachment for
ligaments to the hyoid bone
vomer - Answer-facial bone that forms the inferior part of the nasal septum and
continues posteriorly to join the sphenoid bone
zygoma - Answer-facial bone that is a cheek bone and goes to the edge of the eye
socket. also known as the zygomatic bone
costal cartilage - Answer-firm, but flexible segments of connective tissue that join the
ribs to the sternum. The area where the costal cartilage meets the rib is the
costochondral joint
ribs - Answer-twelve pairs of bones that form the sides of the thorax. There are true
ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs
sternum - Answer-vertical bone of the anterior thorax to which the clavicle and ribs
are attached. It is also known as the breast bone. The manubrium is the triangular-
shaped superior part of the sternum,, while the xiphoid process is the inferior pointed
tip.
thorax - Answer-bony cage of the chest that contains the thoracic cavity with the
heart, lungs, and other structures. It is also known as the rib cage
cervical vertebrae - Answer-vertebrae C1-C7 of the vertebral column in the neck. C1
is the atlas; C2 is the axis
coccyx - Answer-group of several small, fused vertebrae inferior to the sacrum. It is
also known as the tail bone
intervertebral disk - Answer-disk between two vertebrae. It consists of an outer wall
of fibrocartilage and an inner gelatinous substance, the nucleus pulposus, that acts
as a cushion
, lumbar vertebrae - Answer-vertebrae L1-L5 of the verteral column in the lower back
sacrum - Answer-group of five fused vertebrae inferior to the lumbar vertebrae
spine - Answer-bony column of vertebrae. I t is also known as the vertebral column,
spinal column, or backbone. It is divided into five regions: cervical vertebrae, thoracic
vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx. Spine also refers to a bony
projection, such as the spinous process on a vertebra
thoracic vertebrae - Answer-vertebrae T1- T12 of the vertebral column in the area of
the chest. Each vertebra joins with one pair of ribs
vertebrae - Answer-bony structure in the spine. Most vertebrae have a vertebral
body (flat, circular area), spinous process (bony projections along the midback), two
transverse processes (bony projections to the side), and a foramen (hole where the
spinal cord passes through)
epiphys/o- - Answer-enlarged area of the end of a long bone
medull/o- - Answer-medulla (inner region)
ossificat/o- - Answer-changing into bone
appendicular skeleton - Answer-the bones of the shoulders, upper extremities, hips,
and lower extremeties
axial skeleton - Answer-The bones of the head, chest, and back
bones - Answer-the 206 individual pieces of the skeleton. Bone is known as osseous
tissue. Bony and osteal are adjectives for bone
skeletal system - Answer-body system that consists of all of the bones, ligaments,
and joints in the body
skelletomuscular system - Answer-the combines systems of the bones and muscles.
The bones provide support for the muscles, and the muscles enable the bones to
move. It is also known as the muscoloskeletal system
skeleton - Answer-bony framework of the body that consists of all the bones
cranium - Answer-domelike bone at the top of the head that contains the cranial
cavity and the brain and other structures
ethmoid bone - Answer-bone that forms the posterior nasal septum and the medial
walls of the eye sockets. It contains many tiny hollow area that are the ethmoid sinus
fontanel - Answer-soft spot on a baby 's head where the cranial structures are still
open and there is only fibrous connective tissue
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
skull - Answer-bony structure of the head that consists of the cranium and facial
bones
sphenoid bone - Answer-large, irregular bone that forms the central base of the
cranium and the posterior walls of the eye sockets. It contains the sphenoid sinuses.
A bony cup in the sphenoid bone holds the pituitary gland
suture - Answer-joint where one cranial bone meets another. Examples: coronal
suture, sagittal suture
temporal bones - Answer-bones that form the lower sides of the cranium, They
contain the openings of the external ear canals. Bony landmarks include the mastoid
process behind the ear and the pointed styloid process, a point of attachment for
ligaments to the hyoid bone
vomer - Answer-facial bone that forms the inferior part of the nasal septum and
continues posteriorly to join the sphenoid bone
zygoma - Answer-facial bone that is a cheek bone and goes to the edge of the eye
socket. also known as the zygomatic bone
costal cartilage - Answer-firm, but flexible segments of connective tissue that join the
ribs to the sternum. The area where the costal cartilage meets the rib is the
costochondral joint
ribs - Answer-twelve pairs of bones that form the sides of the thorax. There are true
ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs
sternum - Answer-vertical bone of the anterior thorax to which the clavicle and ribs
are attached. It is also known as the breast bone. The manubrium is the triangular-
shaped superior part of the sternum,, while the xiphoid process is the inferior pointed
tip.
thorax - Answer-bony cage of the chest that contains the thoracic cavity with the
heart, lungs, and other structures. It is also known as the rib cage
cervical vertebrae - Answer-vertebrae C1-C7 of the vertebral column in the neck. C1
is the atlas; C2 is the axis
coccyx - Answer-group of several small, fused vertebrae inferior to the sacrum. It is
also known as the tail bone
intervertebral disk - Answer-disk between two vertebrae. It consists of an outer wall
of fibrocartilage and an inner gelatinous substance, the nucleus pulposus, that acts
as a cushion
, lumbar vertebrae - Answer-vertebrae L1-L5 of the verteral column in the lower back
sacrum - Answer-group of five fused vertebrae inferior to the lumbar vertebrae
spine - Answer-bony column of vertebrae. I t is also known as the vertebral column,
spinal column, or backbone. It is divided into five regions: cervical vertebrae, thoracic
vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx. Spine also refers to a bony
projection, such as the spinous process on a vertebra
thoracic vertebrae - Answer-vertebrae T1- T12 of the vertebral column in the area of
the chest. Each vertebra joins with one pair of ribs
vertebrae - Answer-bony structure in the spine. Most vertebrae have a vertebral
body (flat, circular area), spinous process (bony projections along the midback), two
transverse processes (bony projections to the side), and a foramen (hole where the
spinal cord passes through)
epiphys/o- - Answer-enlarged area of the end of a long bone
medull/o- - Answer-medulla (inner region)
ossificat/o- - Answer-changing into bone
appendicular skeleton - Answer-the bones of the shoulders, upper extremities, hips,
and lower extremeties
axial skeleton - Answer-The bones of the head, chest, and back
bones - Answer-the 206 individual pieces of the skeleton. Bone is known as osseous
tissue. Bony and osteal are adjectives for bone
skeletal system - Answer-body system that consists of all of the bones, ligaments,
and joints in the body
skelletomuscular system - Answer-the combines systems of the bones and muscles.
The bones provide support for the muscles, and the muscles enable the bones to
move. It is also known as the muscoloskeletal system
skeleton - Answer-bony framework of the body that consists of all the bones
cranium - Answer-domelike bone at the top of the head that contains the cranial
cavity and the brain and other structures
ethmoid bone - Answer-bone that forms the posterior nasal septum and the medial
walls of the eye sockets. It contains many tiny hollow area that are the ethmoid sinus
fontanel - Answer-soft spot on a baby 's head where the cranial structures are still
open and there is only fibrous connective tissue
