NR577 Midterm Exam Study Guide for Weeks 1-4
If you understand the concepts below and how to diagnose, treat, and manage, you will be successful on
the midterm exam.
Week 1: Health Promotion for Adolescents and Adults
▪ Principles of primary care-Two most important outcomes of primary care – Reduction of risk
factors & mortality rates in vulnerable populations. Primary care focuses on -Health
Promotion- Prevention of illness- Management of those who become sick- Advocacy for all
patients- Community involvement. Primary care should be -accountable; acceptable;
appropriate; continuous; accessible; affordable; adequate; complete; available
▪ Adolescence- is a period when individuals pass from childhood into adulthood.
1. Goals of adolescence-Completion of puberty & growth- social, emotional &
cognitive development- development of abstract thinking; establishment of
independent identity- preparation for career or life work.
2. Bright Futures- Tool resource kit, includes core forms, supplemental visit
documentation forms, screening tools, and supplemental educational handouts.
Materials are broken down by age so that documentation and assessments are
appropriate to age and development. Guidelines for Health supervision of infants,
children and adolescents, available to providers
3. Morbidity and mortality- Morbidity- any physical or psychological state considered to
be outside the realm of normal well-being. Mortality- The state of being subject to
death.
▪ Adolescent assessments
1. Tanner Stages for Males and Females –
STAGES FEMALE BOTH MALE
STAGE I NO BREAST NO PUBIC HAIR NO GENITAL
GROWTH
STAGE II BREAST BUDDING DOWNY HAIR Enlarged of
testes and
increased scrotal
pigmentation
STAGE III Enlarged of areola Scant hair; increase Enlarged of
and breast tissue in amount and penis and testes
pigment
STAGE IV Separation of Adult type; Elongation of penis
areola and nipple incomplete and enlargement
from breast distribution of testes;
mound; most development of
girls experience axillary and facial
menarche hair
STAGE V Fully developed Adult distribution Adult size; increase
breast; single in body and facial
breast contour hair; increase in
with nipple muscle
protrusion
1|Page
, 2. HEADSS assessment- An interview approach used to quickly obtain historical
psychosocial data from an adolescent. H=Home environment; E=
Education/employment; A=
Activities; D= Drugs; S= Sexuality/ Suicide/ Depression; S= Safety
▪ Health promotion for adolescents and adults
1. Vaccines-An immunization is a suspension of microorganism that can be inactivated,
partially inactivated, or attenuated. The purpose is to create an antigen-antibody
response within the body for recognition in future exposure and either reduced
disease or no disease symptoms.
2. Screen guidelines- Screen guidelines:
a. Screening Guidelines for men and women ages 13-64:
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) provide guidelines for preventive health screenings for men and
women ages 13 to 64. These guidelines may include:
Blood pressure screening
Cholesterol screening
Colorectal cancer
screening Diabetes
screening
HIV testing
Lung cancer screening (for current or former smokers)
Depression screening
It's important to note that screening recommendations may vary based on individual risk
factors, such as age, family history, lifestyle, and personal health history.
b. Immunizations for patients ages 13-64:
The CDC recommends that all individuals ages 13 to 64 receive certain immunizations to
protect against vaccine-preventable diseases. These may include:
Influenza (flu) vaccine
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap)
vaccine Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine Herpes zoster (shingles) vaccine
Meningococcal vaccine
Again, immunization recommendations may vary based on individual risk factors and
previous vaccination history. It is important to discuss with your healthcare provider
what immunizations are right for you.
2|Page
If you understand the concepts below and how to diagnose, treat, and manage, you will be successful on
the midterm exam.
Week 1: Health Promotion for Adolescents and Adults
▪ Principles of primary care-Two most important outcomes of primary care – Reduction of risk
factors & mortality rates in vulnerable populations. Primary care focuses on -Health
Promotion- Prevention of illness- Management of those who become sick- Advocacy for all
patients- Community involvement. Primary care should be -accountable; acceptable;
appropriate; continuous; accessible; affordable; adequate; complete; available
▪ Adolescence- is a period when individuals pass from childhood into adulthood.
1. Goals of adolescence-Completion of puberty & growth- social, emotional &
cognitive development- development of abstract thinking; establishment of
independent identity- preparation for career or life work.
2. Bright Futures- Tool resource kit, includes core forms, supplemental visit
documentation forms, screening tools, and supplemental educational handouts.
Materials are broken down by age so that documentation and assessments are
appropriate to age and development. Guidelines for Health supervision of infants,
children and adolescents, available to providers
3. Morbidity and mortality- Morbidity- any physical or psychological state considered to
be outside the realm of normal well-being. Mortality- The state of being subject to
death.
▪ Adolescent assessments
1. Tanner Stages for Males and Females –
STAGES FEMALE BOTH MALE
STAGE I NO BREAST NO PUBIC HAIR NO GENITAL
GROWTH
STAGE II BREAST BUDDING DOWNY HAIR Enlarged of
testes and
increased scrotal
pigmentation
STAGE III Enlarged of areola Scant hair; increase Enlarged of
and breast tissue in amount and penis and testes
pigment
STAGE IV Separation of Adult type; Elongation of penis
areola and nipple incomplete and enlargement
from breast distribution of testes;
mound; most development of
girls experience axillary and facial
menarche hair
STAGE V Fully developed Adult distribution Adult size; increase
breast; single in body and facial
breast contour hair; increase in
with nipple muscle
protrusion
1|Page
, 2. HEADSS assessment- An interview approach used to quickly obtain historical
psychosocial data from an adolescent. H=Home environment; E=
Education/employment; A=
Activities; D= Drugs; S= Sexuality/ Suicide/ Depression; S= Safety
▪ Health promotion for adolescents and adults
1. Vaccines-An immunization is a suspension of microorganism that can be inactivated,
partially inactivated, or attenuated. The purpose is to create an antigen-antibody
response within the body for recognition in future exposure and either reduced
disease or no disease symptoms.
2. Screen guidelines- Screen guidelines:
a. Screening Guidelines for men and women ages 13-64:
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) provide guidelines for preventive health screenings for men and
women ages 13 to 64. These guidelines may include:
Blood pressure screening
Cholesterol screening
Colorectal cancer
screening Diabetes
screening
HIV testing
Lung cancer screening (for current or former smokers)
Depression screening
It's important to note that screening recommendations may vary based on individual risk
factors, such as age, family history, lifestyle, and personal health history.
b. Immunizations for patients ages 13-64:
The CDC recommends that all individuals ages 13 to 64 receive certain immunizations to
protect against vaccine-preventable diseases. These may include:
Influenza (flu) vaccine
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap)
vaccine Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine Herpes zoster (shingles) vaccine
Meningococcal vaccine
Again, immunization recommendations may vary based on individual risk factors and
previous vaccination history. It is important to discuss with your healthcare provider
what immunizations are right for you.
2|Page
