PSYC 2301 Exam 1 Questions with
correct Answers
Define Psychology - correct answer-✅study of mind; study of behavior and mental processing
Describe the scientific method - correct answer-✅is a way to ask and answer scientific questions
by making observations and doing experiments.
Why is Psychology defined as a hub science? - correct answer-✅bc numerous scientific fields come
together in psyc, connect other disciplin
What are the major roots of Psychology? - correct answer-✅2: phil and physical science
What is the relationship between behavior and biology? - correct answer-✅reciprocal relationship
How did most early philosophers believe knowledge was gained? - correct answer-✅sensive/
introspection
When did Psychology distinguish itself from the discipline of Philosophy? - correct answer-✅adopt
the scientific method
Who conducted the first experiment in psychology? - correct answer-✅wilhelm wundt
Define structuralism - correct answer-✅Structuralism is the study of the parts and elements that
make up the mind while functionalism is the processes of the mind
Identify the founders of Gestalt psychology - correct answer-✅kurt koffka, max wertheimer,
wolfgang kohler
Who was William James? - correct answer-✅wrote principal of PSYC / functionalism/ 1st school in
US
Define behaviorism - correct answer-✅on observable, measurable behavior Behaviorism, also
known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are
acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment.
Behaviorists believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape our behaviors. -
Who was Sigmund Freud? - correct answer-✅wrote unconscious conflict , sex, important of early
childhood experiene
Who was Abraham Maslow? - correct answer-✅found 3rd force in PSYC & theory of motivation
Who was Carl Rogers? - correct answer-✅found humanistic movement / importance of personal
growth, freewill, selfdome
Define the perspectives approach - correct answer-✅different way to look
Why do psychologists rely on different perspective in psychology? - correct answer-✅bc help
better understand complex phenomena, single perspective give only us part of answer. combine give
big picture
, Define evolutionary psychology - correct answer-✅asks how our evolutionary past continues to
shape our behavior = maintain - allow adapt
Define cognitive psychology - correct answer-✅investigates mental processes including thinking,
problem solving, and information processing = mind how code message
Define social psychology - correct answer-✅recognizes that behavior varies around averages and
that individual differences often interact with environment = influenced by people
Define developmental psychology - correct answer-✅investigates the normal changes in behavior
that occur across the lifespan = how we grow
Define clinical psychology - correct answer-✅explains, defines, and treats psychological disorders
and promotes general well being
What do the authors of your text believe regarding the future of psychology? - correct answer-
✅will be 1 of combine & integrating new and existing perspective
Where will the highest percentage of doctoral level psychologist work? - correct answer-✅37%
What is the current trend in many psychology graduate school programs? - correct answer-✅not
prescribe medication / students are being trained in combined specialties
According to your text how is "science" described today? - correct answer-✅science = knowledge +
special way learning about reality through systematic observation and experimental
Define critical thinking - correct answer-✅ability to think clearly, rationally and independently.
follow logical argument identify mistake logic -> attitude belief , value
Describe peer review - correct answer-✅it's scrutinized by other scientists who are expert on your
area
Describe replication - correct answer-✅repeat an experiment and producing the same result
Describe case study - correct answer-✅Non experimental = descriptive studies depth analysis -
very rare and unusual, @ medical field, (HM) Disadv : can not specific to generalize information
Describe naturalistic observation - correct answer-✅Non experimental = descriptive studies /
behavior of people and animals in their natural setting ( watch + observe ) / expensive + time
What is an advantage of survey research? - correct answer-✅lie , bias
Define sample - correct answer-✅a subset of a population being study / self report
What do surveys rely on? - correct answer-✅volunteer / self report
Define correlation - correct answer-✅measure of direction and strength of relationship bw 2
variable / predict 1 variable relate others / not infer cause - effect
Describe a weak correlation - correct answer-✅between -1 , 1
Describe correlation study - correct answer-✅a measure of direction & strength of relationship
between 2 variable
correct Answers
Define Psychology - correct answer-✅study of mind; study of behavior and mental processing
Describe the scientific method - correct answer-✅is a way to ask and answer scientific questions
by making observations and doing experiments.
Why is Psychology defined as a hub science? - correct answer-✅bc numerous scientific fields come
together in psyc, connect other disciplin
What are the major roots of Psychology? - correct answer-✅2: phil and physical science
What is the relationship between behavior and biology? - correct answer-✅reciprocal relationship
How did most early philosophers believe knowledge was gained? - correct answer-✅sensive/
introspection
When did Psychology distinguish itself from the discipline of Philosophy? - correct answer-✅adopt
the scientific method
Who conducted the first experiment in psychology? - correct answer-✅wilhelm wundt
Define structuralism - correct answer-✅Structuralism is the study of the parts and elements that
make up the mind while functionalism is the processes of the mind
Identify the founders of Gestalt psychology - correct answer-✅kurt koffka, max wertheimer,
wolfgang kohler
Who was William James? - correct answer-✅wrote principal of PSYC / functionalism/ 1st school in
US
Define behaviorism - correct answer-✅on observable, measurable behavior Behaviorism, also
known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are
acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment.
Behaviorists believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape our behaviors. -
Who was Sigmund Freud? - correct answer-✅wrote unconscious conflict , sex, important of early
childhood experiene
Who was Abraham Maslow? - correct answer-✅found 3rd force in PSYC & theory of motivation
Who was Carl Rogers? - correct answer-✅found humanistic movement / importance of personal
growth, freewill, selfdome
Define the perspectives approach - correct answer-✅different way to look
Why do psychologists rely on different perspective in psychology? - correct answer-✅bc help
better understand complex phenomena, single perspective give only us part of answer. combine give
big picture
, Define evolutionary psychology - correct answer-✅asks how our evolutionary past continues to
shape our behavior = maintain - allow adapt
Define cognitive psychology - correct answer-✅investigates mental processes including thinking,
problem solving, and information processing = mind how code message
Define social psychology - correct answer-✅recognizes that behavior varies around averages and
that individual differences often interact with environment = influenced by people
Define developmental psychology - correct answer-✅investigates the normal changes in behavior
that occur across the lifespan = how we grow
Define clinical psychology - correct answer-✅explains, defines, and treats psychological disorders
and promotes general well being
What do the authors of your text believe regarding the future of psychology? - correct answer-
✅will be 1 of combine & integrating new and existing perspective
Where will the highest percentage of doctoral level psychologist work? - correct answer-✅37%
What is the current trend in many psychology graduate school programs? - correct answer-✅not
prescribe medication / students are being trained in combined specialties
According to your text how is "science" described today? - correct answer-✅science = knowledge +
special way learning about reality through systematic observation and experimental
Define critical thinking - correct answer-✅ability to think clearly, rationally and independently.
follow logical argument identify mistake logic -> attitude belief , value
Describe peer review - correct answer-✅it's scrutinized by other scientists who are expert on your
area
Describe replication - correct answer-✅repeat an experiment and producing the same result
Describe case study - correct answer-✅Non experimental = descriptive studies depth analysis -
very rare and unusual, @ medical field, (HM) Disadv : can not specific to generalize information
Describe naturalistic observation - correct answer-✅Non experimental = descriptive studies /
behavior of people and animals in their natural setting ( watch + observe ) / expensive + time
What is an advantage of survey research? - correct answer-✅lie , bias
Define sample - correct answer-✅a subset of a population being study / self report
What do surveys rely on? - correct answer-✅volunteer / self report
Define correlation - correct answer-✅measure of direction and strength of relationship bw 2
variable / predict 1 variable relate others / not infer cause - effect
Describe a weak correlation - correct answer-✅between -1 , 1
Describe correlation study - correct answer-✅a measure of direction & strength of relationship
between 2 variable
