TEST BANK
g
,Essentials of Pathophysiology 4th Edition by Porth Test Bank Chapter
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g 01 - Cell Structure and Function
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE g
(Answers are at the end of each Chapter) g g g g g g g
1. The nucleus g , which is essential for function and survival of the cell.
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a. is the site of protein synthesis
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b. contains the genetic code g g g
c. transforms cellular energy g g
d. initiates aerobic metabolism g g
2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power plants of the cell because
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they:
g
a. contain RNA for protein synthesis. g g g g
b. utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
g g g g
c. extract energy from organic compounds.
g g g g
d. store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
g g g g g
3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most of the
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specific membrane functions are carried out by:
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a. bound and transmembrane proteins.
g g g
b. complex, long carbohydrate chains. g g g
c. surface antigens and hormone receptors.
g g g g
d. a gating system of selective ion channels.
g g g g g g
4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
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a. displace surface receptor proteins. g g g
b. accumulate within cell gap junctions. g g g g
c. bind to contractile microfilaments.
g g g
d. release secretions into extracellular fluid
g g g g
5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy by:
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, a. removing the phosphate bonds from ATP. g g g g g
b. combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
g g g g g g
c. activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
g g g g g
d. breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
g g g g g g
6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
g g g g g g g into the extracellular fluid.
g g g
a. Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
g g g g g g g
b. Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
g g g g g
c. Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
g g g g g g
d. Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion g g g g g g g
7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials is:
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a. diffusion of current-carrying ions. g g g
b. millivoltage of electrical potential. g g g
c. polarization of charged particles. g g g
d. ion channel neurotransmission.
g g
8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of layers. Which of
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the following is a correctly matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
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a. Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not extend to surface
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
b. Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement membrane
g g g g g g g g g g g
c. Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying connective tissue
g g g g g g g g g
d. Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on basement membrane
g g g g g g g g g g g
9. Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
g g g g g g g
a. providing a fibrous framework for capillaries.
g g g g g
, b. synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
g g g g g g
c. forming tendons and the fascia that covers muscles.
g g g g g g g
d. filling spaces between tissues to keep organs in place.
g g g g g g g g
10. Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities, smooth muscle (also known as involuntary
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
muscle) differs by:
g g g
A) having dense bodies attached to actin filaments.
g g g g g g
B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and M bands.
g g g g g g g
C) having rapid contractions and abundant cross-striations.
g g g g g
D) contracting in response to increased intracellular calcium.
g g g g g g
11. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
g g g g g g g
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
g g g g g g g g
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs
g g g g g g
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis
g g g g
12. Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out cell parts are performed by which of the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
following organelles?
g g
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi apparatus
g
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) g g
13. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
g g g g g g g g
A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis.
g g g g
B) an inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane.
g g g g g g g g g
g
,Essentials of Pathophysiology 4th Edition by Porth Test Bank Chapter
g g g g g g g g g
g 01 - Cell Structure and Function
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE g
(Answers are at the end of each Chapter) g g g g g g g
1. The nucleus g , which is essential for function and survival of the cell.
g g g g g g g g g g
a. is the site of protein synthesis
g g g g g
b. contains the genetic code g g g
c. transforms cellular energy g g
d. initiates aerobic metabolism g g
2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power plants of the cell because
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
they:
g
a. contain RNA for protein synthesis. g g g g
b. utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
g g g g
c. extract energy from organic compounds.
g g g g
d. store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
g g g g g
3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most of the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
specific membrane functions are carried out by:
g g g g g g g
a. bound and transmembrane proteins.
g g g
b. complex, long carbohydrate chains. g g g
c. surface antigens and hormone receptors.
g g g g
d. a gating system of selective ion channels.
g g g g g g
4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
g g g g g g g g g g
a. displace surface receptor proteins. g g g
b. accumulate within cell gap junctions. g g g g
c. bind to contractile microfilaments.
g g g
d. release secretions into extracellular fluid
g g g g
5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy by:
g g g g g g g g g
, a. removing the phosphate bonds from ATP. g g g g g
b. combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
g g g g g g
c. activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
g g g g g
d. breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
g g g g g g
6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
g g g g g g g into the extracellular fluid.
g g g
a. Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
g g g g g g g
b. Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
g g g g g
c. Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
g g g g g g
d. Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion g g g g g g g
7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials is:
g g g g g g g g g
a. diffusion of current-carrying ions. g g g
b. millivoltage of electrical potential. g g g
c. polarization of charged particles. g g g
d. ion channel neurotransmission.
g g
8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of layers. Which of
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the following is a correctly matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not extend to surface
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
b. Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement membrane
g g g g g g g g g g g
c. Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying connective tissue
g g g g g g g g g
d. Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on basement membrane
g g g g g g g g g g g
9. Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
g g g g g g g
a. providing a fibrous framework for capillaries.
g g g g g
, b. synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
g g g g g g
c. forming tendons and the fascia that covers muscles.
g g g g g g g
d. filling spaces between tissues to keep organs in place.
g g g g g g g g
10. Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities, smooth muscle (also known as involuntary
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
muscle) differs by:
g g g
A) having dense bodies attached to actin filaments.
g g g g g g
B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and M bands.
g g g g g g g
C) having rapid contractions and abundant cross-striations.
g g g g g
D) contracting in response to increased intracellular calcium.
g g g g g g
11. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
g g g g g g g
B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
g g g g g g g g
C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs
g g g g g g
D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis
g g g g
12. Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out cell parts are performed by which of the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
following organelles?
g g
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi apparatus
g
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) g g
13. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
g g g g g g g g
A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis.
g g g g
B) an inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane.
g g g g g g g g g
