NCE- Career Counseling Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Jesse B Davis - ✔✔Developed early vocational guidance programs in public schools
Used academic assignments to help students recognize and evaluate their career
interests
Frank Parsons - ✔✔"the father of vocational guidance movement"
Assist students with their transition from school to work
Theories were largely based on observations
Trait Factor/Actuarial - ✔✔Associated with Frank Parsons
AKA "talent matching" or "personality x environment fit"
Approach: match an individual's personality traits to occupations
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,Four components of Trait Factor - ✔✔Individual traits could be combined in unique
ways for each person and could be recognized and classified Values, interests, skills,
and personality characteristics
Factors (aspects and details) make up each occupation
By knowing an individual's unique set of traits (distinguishing qualities) and
requirements for any occupation, it is possible to identify a fit between a person and
career
Job satisfaction was at its highest when there was a strong correlation between the
persons (traits) and the occupation (factor)
Developmental Approach - ✔✔Eli Ginzberg
Holistic in nature and allowed for an individual's career planning to be influenced by
many factors, including their self-concept and life roles
Decision Making - ✔✔H.B. Gelatt
Brought formal decision-making theories to career counseling
Individuals choose an appropriate program of courses and counselor facilitates in the
decision-making process.
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,Process should be systematic and predictive, with the decision maker assessing all
probabilities and alternatives and then weighing the desirability of each possible
outcome
Psychological Approach - ✔✔John Holland
Focuses on personality types matching work environments
Individual personality types had the strongest impact on career decisions
Individuals chose occupations based on their behaviors
Similar personalities tend to choose the same types of occupations
Individuals satisfaction with their employment depends on congruence between the job
environment and their personality
Constructivist Approach - ✔✔Focuses on broader context of life planning and is a more
philosophical approach
Individuals develop constructs about life, work, and themselves
100% Pass Guarantee Emily Charlene All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, While considering these constructs individuals must find work that has meaning and
adequately reflects their own reality, which is unique to their interpretations and life
experiences.
Donald Super -Developmental Approach - ✔✔Career development is a constant
evolving process
Broad stages of development that coincide with tasks, and substances that defined
specific personal growth milestones
Vocational Developmental Stages and Substages - ✔✔Stage 1: Growth (ages 0-15)
-Capacity (Ages 13 - 14)
-Interest (ages 11-12)
-Fantasy (ages 4-10)
Stage 2: Exploration (ages 15-24)
-Tentative (ages 15-17)
Stage 3 : Establishment (ages 25-44)
-Trial and Stabilizations (ages 25-30)
-Advancement (ages 30-40)
Stage 4: Maintenance (ages 45-64)
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Jesse B Davis - ✔✔Developed early vocational guidance programs in public schools
Used academic assignments to help students recognize and evaluate their career
interests
Frank Parsons - ✔✔"the father of vocational guidance movement"
Assist students with their transition from school to work
Theories were largely based on observations
Trait Factor/Actuarial - ✔✔Associated with Frank Parsons
AKA "talent matching" or "personality x environment fit"
Approach: match an individual's personality traits to occupations
100% Pass Guarantee Emily Charlene All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Four components of Trait Factor - ✔✔Individual traits could be combined in unique
ways for each person and could be recognized and classified Values, interests, skills,
and personality characteristics
Factors (aspects and details) make up each occupation
By knowing an individual's unique set of traits (distinguishing qualities) and
requirements for any occupation, it is possible to identify a fit between a person and
career
Job satisfaction was at its highest when there was a strong correlation between the
persons (traits) and the occupation (factor)
Developmental Approach - ✔✔Eli Ginzberg
Holistic in nature and allowed for an individual's career planning to be influenced by
many factors, including their self-concept and life roles
Decision Making - ✔✔H.B. Gelatt
Brought formal decision-making theories to career counseling
Individuals choose an appropriate program of courses and counselor facilitates in the
decision-making process.
100% Pass Guarantee Emily Charlene All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,Process should be systematic and predictive, with the decision maker assessing all
probabilities and alternatives and then weighing the desirability of each possible
outcome
Psychological Approach - ✔✔John Holland
Focuses on personality types matching work environments
Individual personality types had the strongest impact on career decisions
Individuals chose occupations based on their behaviors
Similar personalities tend to choose the same types of occupations
Individuals satisfaction with their employment depends on congruence between the job
environment and their personality
Constructivist Approach - ✔✔Focuses on broader context of life planning and is a more
philosophical approach
Individuals develop constructs about life, work, and themselves
100% Pass Guarantee Emily Charlene All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, While considering these constructs individuals must find work that has meaning and
adequately reflects their own reality, which is unique to their interpretations and life
experiences.
Donald Super -Developmental Approach - ✔✔Career development is a constant
evolving process
Broad stages of development that coincide with tasks, and substances that defined
specific personal growth milestones
Vocational Developmental Stages and Substages - ✔✔Stage 1: Growth (ages 0-15)
-Capacity (Ages 13 - 14)
-Interest (ages 11-12)
-Fantasy (ages 4-10)
Stage 2: Exploration (ages 15-24)
-Tentative (ages 15-17)
Stage 3 : Establishment (ages 25-44)
-Trial and Stabilizations (ages 25-30)
-Advancement (ages 30-40)
Stage 4: Maintenance (ages 45-64)
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