BCH 367 Exam 1 Review || with 100% Verified Solutions.
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories correct answers four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N correct answers 99%
Proteins Structure correct answers linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins correct answers Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein correct answers Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins correct answers Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense,
catalysis, etc.
Nucleic acids structure correct answers Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids correct answers nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids correct answers Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids correct answers Information storage and transfer
Lipids Structure correct answers Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic
regions
# of Monomers in Proteins correct answers 20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids correct answers 4
Major Functions of Lipids correct answers Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure correct answers Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates correct answers Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates correct answers MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates correct answers Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell interaction
sites
Central dogma correct answers describes the basic principles of biological information transfer &
specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA to the proteins that
perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma correct answers Dna -> (transcription) RNA -> (translation)
Protein
, In replication.... correct answers Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ;
Enzyme = DNA Polymerase
In transcription... correct answers Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ;
Enzyme = RNA Polymerase
In translation... correct answers Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ;
Enzyme = Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus correct answers two
Fucntion of nucleus correct answers The information center that holds the DNA of the
organism ; Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria correct answers two
Function of Mitochondria correct answers Energy production centers that produce ATP through
respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts correct answers two
Function of Chloroplasts correct answers Photosynthesis centers that convert light to chemical
energy ; Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) correct answers one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answers Membraous sack used for
processing exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) correct answers one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answers ER where proteins destined for
cellular membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex correct answers one
Function of Golgi Complex correct answers Stacked membranes involved in protein sorting and
preparation of secretory granules
# of membranes in Secretory Granules correct answers one
Function of Secretory Granules correct answers Carry protein cargo destined for secretion
# of membranes in Endosomes correct answers one
Function of Endosomes correct answers Carry external chemicals into the cell
# of membranes in Lysosomes correct answers one
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories correct answers four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N correct answers 99%
Proteins Structure correct answers linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins correct answers Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein correct answers Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins correct answers Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense,
catalysis, etc.
Nucleic acids structure correct answers Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids correct answers nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids correct answers Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids correct answers Information storage and transfer
Lipids Structure correct answers Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic
regions
# of Monomers in Proteins correct answers 20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids correct answers 4
Major Functions of Lipids correct answers Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure correct answers Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates correct answers Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates correct answers MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates correct answers Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell interaction
sites
Central dogma correct answers describes the basic principles of biological information transfer &
specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA to the proteins that
perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma correct answers Dna -> (transcription) RNA -> (translation)
Protein
, In replication.... correct answers Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ;
Enzyme = DNA Polymerase
In transcription... correct answers Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ;
Enzyme = RNA Polymerase
In translation... correct answers Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ;
Enzyme = Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus correct answers two
Fucntion of nucleus correct answers The information center that holds the DNA of the
organism ; Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria correct answers two
Function of Mitochondria correct answers Energy production centers that produce ATP through
respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts correct answers two
Function of Chloroplasts correct answers Photosynthesis centers that convert light to chemical
energy ; Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) correct answers one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answers Membraous sack used for
processing exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) correct answers one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum correct answers ER where proteins destined for
cellular membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex correct answers one
Function of Golgi Complex correct answers Stacked membranes involved in protein sorting and
preparation of secretory granules
# of membranes in Secretory Granules correct answers one
Function of Secretory Granules correct answers Carry protein cargo destined for secretion
# of membranes in Endosomes correct answers one
Function of Endosomes correct answers Carry external chemicals into the cell
# of membranes in Lysosomes correct answers one
