General Microbiology Exam 1 Questions And Answers

General Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
And Answers
3xdomainsxofxmicrobesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
Bacteriax(truexbacteria),xArchaea,xEukaryax(eukaryotes)

classifiedxbasedxonxcomparisonxofxribosomalxRNA;xaffectedxbyxdetailedxstructurexofxcells,x
biochemical/physiologicalxcharacteristics,xgeneticxsequencing

4xbodily-fluidx"humors"x-xCORRECTxxANSWER-blood,xphlegm,xyellowxbilexandxblackxbile

infectiousxdiseasexfirstxbelievedxtoxbexduextoxtheseximbalances

AgostinixBassix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
showedxthatxaxdiseasexofxsilkwormsxwasxcausedxbyxaxfungusx(howxtoxstopxthexdiseasexwith
outxkillingxthexmicrobe)

thisxbeganxmicrobiology

AntonyxvanxLeeuwenhoekx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
firstxpersonxtoxobservexandxdescribexmicroorganismsxaccurately

AppliedxAspectsx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
concernedxwithxpracticalxproblemsx(disease,xwater,xfood,xindustrialxmicrobiology)

ATPx(adenosinex5'xtriphosphate)x-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
energyxcurrencyxandxisxaxribonucleotide

Attenuationx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-pathogensxthatxlosextheirxabilityxtoxcausexdisease

bacillix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-rods
coccobacilli-veryxshortxrods

Basicxaspectsx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
concernedxwithxindividualxgroupsxofxmicrobes,xmicrobialxphysiology,xgenetics,xmolecularxb
iologyxandxtaxonomy

, Binomialxnomenclaturex-xCORRECTxxANSWER-genusxandxspeciesxepithet-
xBacillusxsubtilus




Capsulesxandxslimexlayersx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
resistancextoxphagocytosis,xadherencextoxsurfaces

Cellxwallx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
protectionxfromxosmoticxstress,xhelpsxmaintainxcellxshape

Cellularxmicrobexdiversityx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
mutationxofxgeneticxmaterialxledxtoxselectedxtraits-xnewxgenesxandxgenotypesxevolved

bacteriaxandxarchaeaxincreasexgeneticxpoolxbyxhorizontalxgenextransferxwithinxthexsamexge
neration

CharlesxChamberlandx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
developedxporcelainxbacterialxfiltersxtoxstudyxtobaccoxmosaicxdisease-
xdeterminedxthatxinfectiousxagentsxwerexsmallerxthanxbacteriaxandxpassedxthroughxfiltersx(

viruses)

Coccix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-spheres-xpromotesxsurvival

diplococcix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-pairs

DomainxArchaeax-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
uniquexrRNAxgenexsequences,xlackxpeptidoglycanxinxcellxwalls,xuniquexmembranexlipids,xu
nusualxmetabolicxcharacteristics,xmanyxlivexinxextremexenviornments

DomainxBacteriax-xCORRECTxxANSWER-singe-
celled,xcellxwallxwithxpeptidoglycan,xlackxaxmembrane-
boundxnucleus,xubiquitousxandxsomexlivexinxextremexenviornment

cyanobacteriaxproducexsignificantxamountsxofxoxygen

DvelopmentxofxTechniquesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-Koch'sxworkxledxtoxdiscoveryxof
agarx(insteadxofxgelitin),xpetrixdishes,xnutrientxbrothxandxnutrientxagarx(growthxmedium),xme
thodsxforxisolatingxmicroorganismsx(justxaddedxblood)

EarliestxMetabolismx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
energyxsourcesxunderxharshxconditionsx(inorganics)

photosynthesis-xcyanobacteriax(2.5xbillionxyearsxago)xandxstromatolites

EarliestxMoleculesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
mayxhavexbeenxRNAxsurroundedxbyxliposomes