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PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam 2025
GRADED A+
psychology - (answers)the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
science - (answers)psychology uses systematic methods to observe human
behavior and draw conclusions
behavior - (answers)everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - (answers)The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us
experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - (answers)thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and
conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates
evidence, and assesses conclusions.
empirical method - (answers)gaining knowledge through the observation of
events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - (answers)focus on identifying the elemental parts or structures of
the human mind; William Wundt
functionalism - (answers)A school of psychology that focused on how our mental
and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and
flourish; William James
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natural selection - (answers)A process in which individuals that have certain
inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other
individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
neurons - (answers)a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
glial cells - (answers)cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons
cell body - (answers)Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and
much of the cytoplasm
dendrites - (answers)Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive
information.
axon - (answers)the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers,
through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - (answers)fatty layer that covers the axon of some neurons and
helps speed neural impulses
resting potential - (answers)The difference in electric charge between the inside
and outside of a neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos outisde
, 3|Page
action potential - (answers)a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels
down an axon
all or nothing principle - (answers)The principle that once the electrical impulse
reaches a certain level of intensity (its threshold), it fires and moves all the way
down the axon without losing any intensity.
synapses - (answers)tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of different neurons
Neuraltransmitters - (answers)transmit, or carry, information across the synaptic
gap to the next neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - (answers)stimulates the firing of neurons and is involved in
the action of muscles, learning, and memory
Alzheimer's disease - (answers)degenerative brain disorder that involves a decline
in memory, have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - (answers)a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - (answers)lead to anxiety
PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam 2025
GRADED A+
psychology - (answers)the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
science - (answers)psychology uses systematic methods to observe human
behavior and draw conclusions
behavior - (answers)everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - (answers)The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us
experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - (answers)thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and
conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates
evidence, and assesses conclusions.
empirical method - (answers)gaining knowledge through the observation of
events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - (answers)focus on identifying the elemental parts or structures of
the human mind; William Wundt
functionalism - (answers)A school of psychology that focused on how our mental
and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and
flourish; William James
,2|Page
natural selection - (answers)A process in which individuals that have certain
inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other
individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
neurons - (answers)a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
glial cells - (answers)cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons
cell body - (answers)Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and
much of the cytoplasm
dendrites - (answers)Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive
information.
axon - (answers)the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers,
through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - (answers)fatty layer that covers the axon of some neurons and
helps speed neural impulses
resting potential - (answers)The difference in electric charge between the inside
and outside of a neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos outisde
, 3|Page
action potential - (answers)a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels
down an axon
all or nothing principle - (answers)The principle that once the electrical impulse
reaches a certain level of intensity (its threshold), it fires and moves all the way
down the axon without losing any intensity.
synapses - (answers)tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of different neurons
Neuraltransmitters - (answers)transmit, or carry, information across the synaptic
gap to the next neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - (answers)stimulates the firing of neurons and is involved in
the action of muscles, learning, and memory
Alzheimer's disease - (answers)degenerative brain disorder that involves a decline
in memory, have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - (answers)a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - (answers)lead to anxiety
