Study Guide for Proficiency Exam in
Georgia History
Know the capitals of Georgia Correct answers Savannah, Augusta,
Louisville, Milledgeville, and Atlanta.
James Oglethorpe Correct answers (22 December 1696[1] - 30 June 1785)
was a British general, Member of Parliament, philanthropist, and founder
of the colony of Georgia. As a social reformer, he hoped to resettle
Britain's poor, especially those in debtors' prisons, in the New World.[2]
Savannah Correct answers is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia and
is the county seat of Chatham County. Established in 1733, the city of
Savannah became the British colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and
later the first state capital of Georgia.[3] A strategic port city in the
American Revolution and during the American Civil War,[4] Savannah is
today an industrial center and an important Atlantic seaport. It is Georgia's
fifth-largest city and third-largest metropolitan area.
James Wright Correct answers (May 8, 1716 - November 20, 1785) was an
American colonial lawyer and jurist who was the last British Royal Governor
of the Province of Georgia. He was the only Royal Governor of the Thirteen
Colonies to regain control of his colony during the American Revolutionary
War.
Eli Whitney Correct answers (December 8, 1765 - January 8, 1825) was an
American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of
the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped the economy of
the Antebellum South.[1] Whitney's invention made upland short cotton into
a profitable crop, which strengthened the economic foundation of slavery in
the United States. Despite the social and economic impact of his invention,
Whitney lost many profits in legal battles over patent infringement for the
cotton gin. Thereafter, he turned his attention into securing contracts with
the government in the manufacture of muskets for the newly formed United
States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in
1825.
The Battle of Kettle Creek Correct answers (February 14, 1779) was a major
encounter in the back country of Georgia during the American Revolutionary
War. It was fought in Wilkes County about eight miles (13 km) from present-
day Washington, Georgia.
Battle of Bloody Marsh Correct answers The Battle of Bloody Marsh took
place on July 7, 1742 (new style) between Spanish and British forces on St.
Simons Island, part of the Province of Georgia, resulting in a victory for the
British.
, Worcester v. Georgia Correct answers Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.)
515 (1832), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court vacated
the conviction of Samuel Worcester and held that the Georgia criminal
statute that prohibited non-Native Americans from being present on Native
American lands without a license from the state was unconstitutional.
Henry Woodfin Grady Correct answers (May 24, 1850 - December 23,
1889) was a journalist and orator who helped reintegrate the states of the
former Confederacy into the Union after the American Civil War. Grady
encouraged the industrialization of the South.[2]
Joseph Emerson Brown Correct answers (April 15, 1821 - November 30,
1894), often referred to as Joe Brown, was the 42nd Governor of Georgia
from 1857 to 1865, and a
U.S. Senator from 1880 to 1891. Governor Brown was a leading secessionist
in 1861,
taking his state out of the Union and into the Confederacy. A former Whig,
and a firm believer in states' rights, he defied the national government's
wartime policies. He resisted the Confederate military draft, and tried to
keep as many soldiers at home as possible (to fight off invaders).[1] He
denounced Confederate President Jefferson Davis as an incipient tyrant.
Brown challenged Confederate impressment of animals, goods, and slaves.
Several other governors followed his lead.
Robert Augustus Toombs Correct answers (July 2, 1810 - December 15,
1885) was an American and Confederate political leader, Whig Party senator
from Georgia, a founding father of the Confederacy, its first Secretary of
State, and a Confederate general in the American Civil War of 1861-1865.
He feuded bitterly with Confederate President Jefferson Davis. According to
Jacob S. Clawson, he was "a bullish politician whose blend of acerbic wit,
fiery demeanor, and political tact aroused the full spectrum of emotions
from his constituents and colleagues....[he] could not balance his volatile
personality with his otherwise keen political skill."[1]
Battle of Chickamauga Correct answers fought September 19-20, 1863,[1]
marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and
northwestern Georgia called the Chickamauga Campaign. The battle was
the most significant Union defeat in the Western Theater of the American
Civil War and involved the second highest number of casualties in the war
following the Battle of Gettysburg. It was the first major battle of the war
that was fought in Georgia.
Battle of Kennesaw Mountain Correct answers was fought on June 27, 1864,
during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War. It was the most
significant frontal assault launched by Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman
against the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston,
ending in a tactical defeat for the Union forces. Strategically, however, the
battle failed to deliver the result that the Confederacy desperately needed--
namely a halt to Sherman's advance on Atlanta.
Andersonville Correct answers a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp during
the American Civil War. Most of the site lies in southwestern Macon County,
adjacent to the
Georgia History
Know the capitals of Georgia Correct answers Savannah, Augusta,
Louisville, Milledgeville, and Atlanta.
James Oglethorpe Correct answers (22 December 1696[1] - 30 June 1785)
was a British general, Member of Parliament, philanthropist, and founder
of the colony of Georgia. As a social reformer, he hoped to resettle
Britain's poor, especially those in debtors' prisons, in the New World.[2]
Savannah Correct answers is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia and
is the county seat of Chatham County. Established in 1733, the city of
Savannah became the British colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and
later the first state capital of Georgia.[3] A strategic port city in the
American Revolution and during the American Civil War,[4] Savannah is
today an industrial center and an important Atlantic seaport. It is Georgia's
fifth-largest city and third-largest metropolitan area.
James Wright Correct answers (May 8, 1716 - November 20, 1785) was an
American colonial lawyer and jurist who was the last British Royal Governor
of the Province of Georgia. He was the only Royal Governor of the Thirteen
Colonies to regain control of his colony during the American Revolutionary
War.
Eli Whitney Correct answers (December 8, 1765 - January 8, 1825) was an
American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of
the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped the economy of
the Antebellum South.[1] Whitney's invention made upland short cotton into
a profitable crop, which strengthened the economic foundation of slavery in
the United States. Despite the social and economic impact of his invention,
Whitney lost many profits in legal battles over patent infringement for the
cotton gin. Thereafter, he turned his attention into securing contracts with
the government in the manufacture of muskets for the newly formed United
States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in
1825.
The Battle of Kettle Creek Correct answers (February 14, 1779) was a major
encounter in the back country of Georgia during the American Revolutionary
War. It was fought in Wilkes County about eight miles (13 km) from present-
day Washington, Georgia.
Battle of Bloody Marsh Correct answers The Battle of Bloody Marsh took
place on July 7, 1742 (new style) between Spanish and British forces on St.
Simons Island, part of the Province of Georgia, resulting in a victory for the
British.
, Worcester v. Georgia Correct answers Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.)
515 (1832), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court vacated
the conviction of Samuel Worcester and held that the Georgia criminal
statute that prohibited non-Native Americans from being present on Native
American lands without a license from the state was unconstitutional.
Henry Woodfin Grady Correct answers (May 24, 1850 - December 23,
1889) was a journalist and orator who helped reintegrate the states of the
former Confederacy into the Union after the American Civil War. Grady
encouraged the industrialization of the South.[2]
Joseph Emerson Brown Correct answers (April 15, 1821 - November 30,
1894), often referred to as Joe Brown, was the 42nd Governor of Georgia
from 1857 to 1865, and a
U.S. Senator from 1880 to 1891. Governor Brown was a leading secessionist
in 1861,
taking his state out of the Union and into the Confederacy. A former Whig,
and a firm believer in states' rights, he defied the national government's
wartime policies. He resisted the Confederate military draft, and tried to
keep as many soldiers at home as possible (to fight off invaders).[1] He
denounced Confederate President Jefferson Davis as an incipient tyrant.
Brown challenged Confederate impressment of animals, goods, and slaves.
Several other governors followed his lead.
Robert Augustus Toombs Correct answers (July 2, 1810 - December 15,
1885) was an American and Confederate political leader, Whig Party senator
from Georgia, a founding father of the Confederacy, its first Secretary of
State, and a Confederate general in the American Civil War of 1861-1865.
He feuded bitterly with Confederate President Jefferson Davis. According to
Jacob S. Clawson, he was "a bullish politician whose blend of acerbic wit,
fiery demeanor, and political tact aroused the full spectrum of emotions
from his constituents and colleagues....[he] could not balance his volatile
personality with his otherwise keen political skill."[1]
Battle of Chickamauga Correct answers fought September 19-20, 1863,[1]
marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and
northwestern Georgia called the Chickamauga Campaign. The battle was
the most significant Union defeat in the Western Theater of the American
Civil War and involved the second highest number of casualties in the war
following the Battle of Gettysburg. It was the first major battle of the war
that was fought in Georgia.
Battle of Kennesaw Mountain Correct answers was fought on June 27, 1864,
during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War. It was the most
significant frontal assault launched by Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman
against the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston,
ending in a tactical defeat for the Union forces. Strategically, however, the
battle failed to deliver the result that the Confederacy desperately needed--
namely a halt to Sherman's advance on Atlanta.
Andersonville Correct answers a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp during
the American Civil War. Most of the site lies in southwestern Macon County,
adjacent to the
