TEST BANK Q: NURSING SKILLS -
CHAPTER #7 SPECIMEN COLLECTION
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A nurse suspects that the patient may have tuberculosis (TB). She sends a sputum
sample to the lab for testing. When the following tests are compared, which will best
support the diagnosis of possible tuberculosis?
a.
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB)
b.
General cytology
c.
Chemical analysis
d.
Culture and sensitivity - Answer-ANS: A
Sputum specimens are collected to identify cancer cells, for culture and sensitivity
(C&S) to identify pathogens and determine the antibiotics to which they are sensitive,
and for acid-fast bacilli to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis. Cytological or cellular
examinations of sputum may identify aberrant cells or cancer. Chemical analysis
would indicate chemicals within the blood, not sputum. Sputum collected for culture
and sensitivity testing is used to identify specific microorganisms and to determine
which antibiotics are most sensitive. A definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) also
requires a sputum culture and sensitivity.
The patient has come to the emergency department complaining of coughing up
bloody sputum. The patient has a 30-year history of smoking and has lost 15 pounds
in the last month. What will the nurse expect the sputum specimen to be evaluated
for?
a.
Culture and sensitivity
b.
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB)
c.
Cytology
d.
Chemical analysis - Answer-ANS: C
The patient is showing signs of cancer. Sputum specimens are collected to identify
cancer cells. Sputum collected for culture and sensitivity testing is used to identify
specific microorganisms. The acid-fast bacilli (AFB) is used to support the diagnosis
of tuberculosis. Chemical analysis would indicate chemicals within the blood, not
sputum.
An appropriate technique that the nurse can tell the patient to implement before
obtaining a sputum specimen is to:
a.
use mouthwash before the collection.
b.
, splint the surgical incision before coughing.
c.
try to obtain a sample immediately after eating.
d.
take a deep breath, cough hard, and expectorate. - Answer-ANS: B
If the patient has a surgical incision or localized area of discomfort, have the patient
place hands firmly over the affected area, or place a pillow over the area. Splinting of
painful areas minimizes muscular stretching and discomfort during coughing and
thus makes cough more productive. The patient should not use mouthwash or
toothpaste because it may decrease viability of microorganisms and culture results.
Have the patient wait 1 to 2 hours after eating. After a series of deep breaths, ask
the patient to cough after full inhalation
During a sputum collection, the patient becomes hypoxic. What action should the
nurse take?
a.
Suction the patient thoroughly.
b.
Continue to complete the procedure quickly.
c.
Stop the procedure and provide oxygen, if ordered.
d.
Have the patient lie down and take deep breaths before continuing with the
specimen collection. - Answer-ANS: C
If the patient becomes hypoxic, discontinue the procedure until stable and provide
oxygen therapy as needed, if ordered. Suctioning can decrease usable oxygen to the
patient.
The nurse has delegated activities of daily living (ADL) care of a patient with a large
wound that is draining. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the nurse
assistant to report back to her?
a.
The wound has a foul odor.
b.
Drainage is decreased.
c.
The patient's temperature is slightly below normal.
d.
The patient does not complain of discomfort. - Answer-ANS: A
Report a foul odor, increased drainage, and increased temperature or complaints of
discomfort.
An appropriate technique for the nurse to use when culturing wound drainage that is
suspected to contain anaerobic bacteria is to:
a.
use older secretions for the specimen.
b.
add exudate from the skin to the wound specimen.
c.
aspirate 5 to 10 mL of exudate from a deep cavity wound.
CHAPTER #7 SPECIMEN COLLECTION
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A nurse suspects that the patient may have tuberculosis (TB). She sends a sputum
sample to the lab for testing. When the following tests are compared, which will best
support the diagnosis of possible tuberculosis?
a.
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB)
b.
General cytology
c.
Chemical analysis
d.
Culture and sensitivity - Answer-ANS: A
Sputum specimens are collected to identify cancer cells, for culture and sensitivity
(C&S) to identify pathogens and determine the antibiotics to which they are sensitive,
and for acid-fast bacilli to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis. Cytological or cellular
examinations of sputum may identify aberrant cells or cancer. Chemical analysis
would indicate chemicals within the blood, not sputum. Sputum collected for culture
and sensitivity testing is used to identify specific microorganisms and to determine
which antibiotics are most sensitive. A definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) also
requires a sputum culture and sensitivity.
The patient has come to the emergency department complaining of coughing up
bloody sputum. The patient has a 30-year history of smoking and has lost 15 pounds
in the last month. What will the nurse expect the sputum specimen to be evaluated
for?
a.
Culture and sensitivity
b.
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB)
c.
Cytology
d.
Chemical analysis - Answer-ANS: C
The patient is showing signs of cancer. Sputum specimens are collected to identify
cancer cells. Sputum collected for culture and sensitivity testing is used to identify
specific microorganisms. The acid-fast bacilli (AFB) is used to support the diagnosis
of tuberculosis. Chemical analysis would indicate chemicals within the blood, not
sputum.
An appropriate technique that the nurse can tell the patient to implement before
obtaining a sputum specimen is to:
a.
use mouthwash before the collection.
b.
, splint the surgical incision before coughing.
c.
try to obtain a sample immediately after eating.
d.
take a deep breath, cough hard, and expectorate. - Answer-ANS: B
If the patient has a surgical incision or localized area of discomfort, have the patient
place hands firmly over the affected area, or place a pillow over the area. Splinting of
painful areas minimizes muscular stretching and discomfort during coughing and
thus makes cough more productive. The patient should not use mouthwash or
toothpaste because it may decrease viability of microorganisms and culture results.
Have the patient wait 1 to 2 hours after eating. After a series of deep breaths, ask
the patient to cough after full inhalation
During a sputum collection, the patient becomes hypoxic. What action should the
nurse take?
a.
Suction the patient thoroughly.
b.
Continue to complete the procedure quickly.
c.
Stop the procedure and provide oxygen, if ordered.
d.
Have the patient lie down and take deep breaths before continuing with the
specimen collection. - Answer-ANS: C
If the patient becomes hypoxic, discontinue the procedure until stable and provide
oxygen therapy as needed, if ordered. Suctioning can decrease usable oxygen to the
patient.
The nurse has delegated activities of daily living (ADL) care of a patient with a large
wound that is draining. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the nurse
assistant to report back to her?
a.
The wound has a foul odor.
b.
Drainage is decreased.
c.
The patient's temperature is slightly below normal.
d.
The patient does not complain of discomfort. - Answer-ANS: A
Report a foul odor, increased drainage, and increased temperature or complaints of
discomfort.
An appropriate technique for the nurse to use when culturing wound drainage that is
suspected to contain anaerobic bacteria is to:
a.
use older secretions for the specimen.
b.
add exudate from the skin to the wound specimen.
c.
aspirate 5 to 10 mL of exudate from a deep cavity wound.
