JMU Nutrition 280 Theimer Final Exam Exam Questions With Complete Solutions.2024 update

Vitamin - essential organic compounds needed in small amounts Divided into 2 groups based on - solubility in water or fat Water soluble vitamins - B and C Fat soluble vitamins - A, D, E, K Food groups that lack B12? - Grains, vegetables, fruits Food groups low in vitamin C? - Grains, dairy, protein Vitamin absorption occurs mainly in - the small intestine Compound that's the basis for the RDA for vitamin E? - Alpha-tocopherol because it's the only form of vitamin E that can be used by the body Absorption of water-soluble vitamins - transport system -> directly into blood Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins - micelles -> chylomicrons -> lymph -> blood All B vitamins - act as coenzymes Antioxidant vitamins? - Provitamin A (inactive), C, E B vitamins - do NOT directly provide energya deficiency affects every cell in the body Thiamin - helps breakdown glucose for energy needed to convert pyruvate into acetyl-CoA needed for synthesis of NTs and ribose+deoxyribose Beriberi - the thiamin-deficiency disease; characterized by loss of sensation in the hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing paralysis, and abnormal heart action Riboflavin - supports vision and skin health helps other B vitamins to convert to active forms part of ATP making coenzymes Vitamin C is also known as - ascorbic acid