Advanced Pathophys Nu 503 Test 1
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER - Sugar, Nitrogenous Base, Phosphate
Hydrogen Bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - Easily broken by Heliase
Double bonds between AT
Triple bonds between CG
Pyrimidine - CORRECT ANSWER - Cytosine
Uracil
Thymine
Purine - CORRECT ANSWER - Adenine
Guanine
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present
in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
Double stranded
Stored in nucleus and mitochondria
RNA - CORRECT ANSWER - ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells.
Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the
synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic
information.
Single stranded
Uracil
, Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER - RNA is produced by the enzyme RNA polymerase,
which catalyzes the serial addition of ribonucleotides. Adenine pairs with Uracil
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER - the process whereby genetic information coded in
messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
How does RNA read DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - 3' to 5'
What direction does DNA replicate? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5' to 3'
Steps of DNA Replication - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Helicases unzips parental double
helix
2. Single strand binding proteins stabilize unwound DNA.
3. Leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5'-3' direction by DNA polymerase.
4. Lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously.
5. Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer, which is extended by DNA polymerase to form
Okazaki Fragment
6. After RNA primer is replaced by DNA (by DNA polymerase), Ligase joins the Okazaki
fragment to the growing strand.
DNA Polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER - Enzyme involved in DNA replication that
joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
Decreases errors
RNA Polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER - Enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds
to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription
Codon - CORRECT ANSWER - A specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER - Sugar, Nitrogenous Base, Phosphate
Hydrogen Bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - Easily broken by Heliase
Double bonds between AT
Triple bonds between CG
Pyrimidine - CORRECT ANSWER - Cytosine
Uracil
Thymine
Purine - CORRECT ANSWER - Adenine
Guanine
DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present
in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
Double stranded
Stored in nucleus and mitochondria
RNA - CORRECT ANSWER - ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells.
Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the
synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic
information.
Single stranded
Uracil
, Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER - RNA is produced by the enzyme RNA polymerase,
which catalyzes the serial addition of ribonucleotides. Adenine pairs with Uracil
Translation - CORRECT ANSWER - the process whereby genetic information coded in
messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
How does RNA read DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - 3' to 5'
What direction does DNA replicate? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5' to 3'
Steps of DNA Replication - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Helicases unzips parental double
helix
2. Single strand binding proteins stabilize unwound DNA.
3. Leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5'-3' direction by DNA polymerase.
4. Lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously.
5. Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer, which is extended by DNA polymerase to form
Okazaki Fragment
6. After RNA primer is replaced by DNA (by DNA polymerase), Ligase joins the Okazaki
fragment to the growing strand.
DNA Polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER - Enzyme involved in DNA replication that
joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
Decreases errors
RNA Polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER - Enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds
to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription
Codon - CORRECT ANSWER - A specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid
