National Lifeguard Questions and Answers
100% Solved
Hypothermia (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Assess responsiveness, maintain an open airway and assess
the victim's breathing. Start CPR if needed
2. Contact EMS
3. Remove the victim from the cold environment
4. Warm the victim's body core (head, neck, chest, back and groin) by giving warm beverages if
the victim is alert, wrapping them in warm blankets or getting in the huddle position
5. Treat for shock
6. Give oxygen if trained
Bruising (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Redness and blueness in the affected area
3. Mild swelling
Bruising (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Ice the injured part for 10 - 15 minutes every hour until the
swelling subsides
Sprains and strains (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Discoloration (bruising)
4. Difficulty moving the affected area
Sprains and strains (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Remember the word RICE
R: Rest the injured part
I: Immobilize the injured part in a comfortable position
,C: Cold- ice the injured part for 10-15 minutes every hour until swelling subsides (most
important component of treatment)
E: Elevate the injured
2. Contact EMS
3. Treat for shock
Closed fractures (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Discoloration
4. Difficulty moving the affected area
Closed fractures (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Remember the word RICE
R: Rest the injured part
I: Immobilize the injured part in a comfortable position
C: Cold-ice the injured part for 10-15 minutes every hour until the swelling subsides (most
important component of treatment)
E: Elevate the injured, splinted part, but no if it increases pain, discomfort or harm
2. Contact EMS
3. Treat for shock
4. Assess pulse and movement beyond the site of injury (Ex. assess the pulse an movement in
the ankle if the leg is broken)
Open fractures (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Bone protruding through the skin
4. Bleeding
5. Discoloration
6. Difficulty moving the affected part
,Open fractures (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Rest the affected part, and immobolize it as you found it.
Do not attempt re-alignment
2. Place a clean bandage over the exposed bone
3. Ice the injury for 10-15 minutes. Avoid wetting the wound
4. Contact EMS
5. Treat for shock
Immobolization (hand, wrist, arm,elbow,shoulder) ✔️✔️Use an arm sling
Immobolization (wrist,ankle,foot) ✔️✔️Use a pillow or towel
Immobolization (joints) ✔️✔️Use air splints, wooden splints, splints made out of cardboard or
rolled newspaper
Discoloration (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Discoloration
4. Difficulty moving the affecte darea
Discoloration (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Rest the injured part. Immobolize it in a comfortable
position- don't move it
2. Ice the injured part for 10-15 minutes every hour
3. Support the injured part in a position of comfort
4. Contact EMS
5. Treat for shock
Muscle cramps (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain in muscle
2. Muscle twitching or spasms
, Muscle cramps (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Stretch the muscle (slowly lengthen the muscles fibres)
2. Gently massage along the length of the muscle
3. Apply mild heat (warm shower or warm, wet cloth)
Minor emergencies (procedure) ✔️✔️1. Recognize the emergency quickly
2. Signal to adjacent guards that there is an emergency and respond.
a. Adjacent guards cover the zone left unsupervised and await further communication
regarding the nature of the emergency
b. At least one guards moves close enough to the emergency site to provide speedy back-up
should the first responder have difficulty or should the minor emergency develop into a major
one
3. Communicate with fellow lifeguards regarding the nature of the emergency
4. Administer minor first aid or otherwise assist the victim according to the nature of the
problem
5. Refer the victim to the appropriate location (first aid station, parents, home, back to the
water)
6. Write a report, documenting the details of the emergency and its outcome
7. Signal fellow lifeguards of your return to duty
Major emergencies (procedure) ✔️✔️1. Recognize the emergency quickly
2. Signal to fellow lifeguards
3. Support the victim quickly
4. Assess the emergency as a minor or major
5. Clear the area of patrons (entire pool if necessary)
6. Activate EMS
7. Complete the initial assessment of the victim
8. Move the victim to the focal point
9. Treat the victim for injury or illness as appropriate including treatment for shock and
psychological stress
100% Solved
Hypothermia (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Assess responsiveness, maintain an open airway and assess
the victim's breathing. Start CPR if needed
2. Contact EMS
3. Remove the victim from the cold environment
4. Warm the victim's body core (head, neck, chest, back and groin) by giving warm beverages if
the victim is alert, wrapping them in warm blankets or getting in the huddle position
5. Treat for shock
6. Give oxygen if trained
Bruising (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Redness and blueness in the affected area
3. Mild swelling
Bruising (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Ice the injured part for 10 - 15 minutes every hour until the
swelling subsides
Sprains and strains (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Discoloration (bruising)
4. Difficulty moving the affected area
Sprains and strains (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Remember the word RICE
R: Rest the injured part
I: Immobilize the injured part in a comfortable position
,C: Cold- ice the injured part for 10-15 minutes every hour until swelling subsides (most
important component of treatment)
E: Elevate the injured
2. Contact EMS
3. Treat for shock
Closed fractures (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Discoloration
4. Difficulty moving the affected area
Closed fractures (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Remember the word RICE
R: Rest the injured part
I: Immobilize the injured part in a comfortable position
C: Cold-ice the injured part for 10-15 minutes every hour until the swelling subsides (most
important component of treatment)
E: Elevate the injured, splinted part, but no if it increases pain, discomfort or harm
2. Contact EMS
3. Treat for shock
4. Assess pulse and movement beyond the site of injury (Ex. assess the pulse an movement in
the ankle if the leg is broken)
Open fractures (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Bone protruding through the skin
4. Bleeding
5. Discoloration
6. Difficulty moving the affected part
,Open fractures (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Rest the affected part, and immobolize it as you found it.
Do not attempt re-alignment
2. Place a clean bandage over the exposed bone
3. Ice the injury for 10-15 minutes. Avoid wetting the wound
4. Contact EMS
5. Treat for shock
Immobolization (hand, wrist, arm,elbow,shoulder) ✔️✔️Use an arm sling
Immobolization (wrist,ankle,foot) ✔️✔️Use a pillow or towel
Immobolization (joints) ✔️✔️Use air splints, wooden splints, splints made out of cardboard or
rolled newspaper
Discoloration (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Discoloration
4. Difficulty moving the affecte darea
Discoloration (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Rest the injured part. Immobolize it in a comfortable
position- don't move it
2. Ice the injured part for 10-15 minutes every hour
3. Support the injured part in a position of comfort
4. Contact EMS
5. Treat for shock
Muscle cramps (symptoms) ✔️✔️1. Pain in muscle
2. Muscle twitching or spasms
, Muscle cramps (treatment) ✔️✔️1. Stretch the muscle (slowly lengthen the muscles fibres)
2. Gently massage along the length of the muscle
3. Apply mild heat (warm shower or warm, wet cloth)
Minor emergencies (procedure) ✔️✔️1. Recognize the emergency quickly
2. Signal to adjacent guards that there is an emergency and respond.
a. Adjacent guards cover the zone left unsupervised and await further communication
regarding the nature of the emergency
b. At least one guards moves close enough to the emergency site to provide speedy back-up
should the first responder have difficulty or should the minor emergency develop into a major
one
3. Communicate with fellow lifeguards regarding the nature of the emergency
4. Administer minor first aid or otherwise assist the victim according to the nature of the
problem
5. Refer the victim to the appropriate location (first aid station, parents, home, back to the
water)
6. Write a report, documenting the details of the emergency and its outcome
7. Signal fellow lifeguards of your return to duty
Major emergencies (procedure) ✔️✔️1. Recognize the emergency quickly
2. Signal to fellow lifeguards
3. Support the victim quickly
4. Assess the emergency as a minor or major
5. Clear the area of patrons (entire pool if necessary)
6. Activate EMS
7. Complete the initial assessment of the victim
8. Move the victim to the focal point
9. Treat the victim for injury or illness as appropriate including treatment for shock and
psychological stress
