test bank for project management the managerial process 6th edition_by_erik_larson__clifford_gray.

Project Management: The Managerial Process 6e
a a a a a




By:aErikaLarson;aCliffordaGray

Publisher:aMcGrawaHill/Europe,aMiddleaeasta&aAfricaaEdition

:a6th

Table of Contents
a a

1. ModernaProjectaManagement
2. OrganizationaStrategyaandaProjectaSelection
3. Organization:aStructureaandaCulture
4. DefiningatheaProject
5. EstimatingaProjectaTimesaandaCosts
6. DevelopingaaaProjectaPlan
7. ManagingaRisk
8. SchedulingaResourcesaandaCosts
9. ReducingaProjectaDuration
10. Leadership:aBeingaanaEffectiveaProjectaManager
11. ManagingaProjectaTeams
12. Outsourcing:aManagingaInterorganizationala
Relations
13. ProgressaandaPerformanceaMeasurementaanda
Evaluation
14. ProjectaClosure
15. InternationalaProjects
16. Oversight
17. AnaIntroductionatoaAgileaProjectaManagement
18. ProjectaManagementaCareeraPaths




Chapter 1 a




MODERN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
a a




ChapteraOutline

1. WhataIsaaaProject?
A. WhataaaProjectaIsaNot
B. TheaProjectaLifeaCycle
C. TheaProjectaManager
2. TheaImportanceaofaProjectaManagement
1-1

, A. CompressionaofatheaProductaLifeaCycle
B. GlobalaCompetition
C. KnowledgeaExplosion
D. CorporateaDownsizing
E. IncreasedaCustomeraFocus
F. SmallaProjectsaRepresentaBigaProblems
3. ProjectaManagementaToday—AnaIntegrativeaApproach
A. IntegrationaofaProjectsawithatheaStrategicaPlan
B. IntegrationawithinatheaProcessaofaManagingaActualaProjects
4. Summary
5. TextaOverview
6. KeyaTerms
7. ReviewaQuestions
8. Exercises
9. Case:aAaDayainatheaLife

ChapteraObjectives
 Toaexplainawhyaprojectamanagementaisacrucialainatoday’saworld
 Toadefineaaaprojectaandadifferentiateaprojectsafromaroutineaoperations
 Toaestablishatheaimportanceaofaprojectsainaimplementingaorganizationastrategy
 Toaestablishathatamanagingaprojectsaisaanaactaofabalancingatheatechnicalaandas
ocioculturalasidesaofatheaproject.
ReviewaQuestions




1-2

,1. Defineaaaproject.aWhataareafiveacharacteristicsawhichahelpadifferentiateaprojectsafr
omaotherafunctionsacarriedaoutainatheadailyaoperationsaofatheaorganization?

Aaprojectaisaaacomplex,anonaroutine,aone-
timeaeffortalimitedabyatime,abudget,aresource,aandaspecifications.aDifferentiatingacharact
eristicsaofaprojectsafromaroutine,arepetitiveadailyaworkaareabelow:

a. Aadefinedalifeaspan
b. Aawell-definedaobjective
c. Typicallyainvolvesapeopleafromaseveraladisciplines
d. Aaprojectalifeacycle
e. Specificatime,acost,aandaperformancearequirements.

2. Whataareasomeaofatheakeyaenvironmentalaforcesathatahaveachangedatheawayaproject
saareamanaged?aWhatahasabeenatheaeffectaofatheseaforcesaonatheamanagementaofapr
ojects?

Someaenvironmentalaforcesathatahaveachangedatheawayaweamanageaprojectsaareatheaprod
uctalifeacycle,aknowledgeagrowth,aglobalacompetition,aorganizationadownsizing,atechnol
ogyachanges,atime-to-
market.aTheaimpactaofatheseaforcesaisamoreaprojectsaperaorganization,aprojectateamsaresp
onsibleaforaimplementingaprojects,aaccountability,achangingaorganizationastructures,ane
edaforarapidacompletionaofaprojects,alinkingaprojectsatoaorganizationastrategyaandacustom
ers,aprioritizingaprojectsatoaconserveaorganizationaresources,aalliancesawithaexternalaorg
anizations,aetc.

3. Whyaisatheaimplementationaofaprojectsaimportantatoastrategicaplanningaandatheapr
ojectamanager?

Strategicaplansaareaimplementedaprimarilyathroughaprojects—
e.g.,aaanewaproduct,aaanewainformationasystem,aaanewaplantaforaaanewaproduct.aTheaproje
ctamanageraisatheakeyapersonaresponsibleaforacompletingatheaprojectaonatime,aonabudget,a
andawithinaspecificationsasoatheaproject’sacustomeraisasatisfied.aIfatheaprojectaisanotalinke
datoatheastrategicaplanaofatheaorganization,aresourcesadevotedatoatheaprojectaareawastedaan
daaacustomeraneedaisanotamet.aThisalackaofaconnectivityaoccursamoreainapracticeathanamos
tawouldabelieve.

4. Theatechnicalaandasocioculturaladimensionsaofaprojectamanagementaareatwoasidesat
oatheasameacoin.a Explain.

Theasystemaandasocioculturaladimensionsaofaprojectamanagementaareatwoasidesaofatheasa
meacoinabecauseasuccessfulaprojectamanagersaareaskillfulainabothaareas.aTheapointaisasucc
essfulaprojectamanagersaneedatoabeaveryacomfortableaandaskillfulainabothaareas.




1-3

, 5. Whataisameantabyaanaintegrativeaapproachatoaprojectamanagement?aWhyaisathisa
approachaimportantainatoday’saenvironment?

Anaintegrativeaapproachatoaprojectamanagementaisaoneainawhichaallatheapartsaareainterrelat
ed.aThisaapproachaisaimportantabecauseaitacanagiveaanaorganizationaaacompetitiveaedgeaina
today’saenvironment.aAnaintegrativeaapproachaincludesatwoaparts.aFirst,aprojectsamustaha
veaaastrongalinkatoatheaorganization’sastrategicaplan,awhichaisadirectedatowardameetingathe
acustomer’saneeds.aAaprojectapriorityasystemareinforcesa thisalinkageabyaprioritizingaproje

ctsaaccordingatoatheiracontributionatoathea strategica planaandaallocatesaresourcesabyatheapr
ioritiesaset.aSecond,aanaintegrativeaapproachaprovidesaanaintegratedasystemaforatheaactuala
implementationaofatheaprojects.aThisaincludesaanainformationasystemawhichasupportsadec
isionamakingaandaaasocioculturalaenvironmentawhichacreatesaaapositive,aactiveacontributi
onafromateamamembersaresponsibleaforacompletingatheaproject.

Exercises

1. Reviewa thea fronta pagea ofa youra locala newspaper,a anda trya toa identifya alla theap
rojectsacontainedainatheaarticles.aHowamanyawereayouaableatoafind?

Itaisanearlyaimpossibleatoaopenaaanewspaperaandanotafindaarticlesarelatingatoaprojects.aSun
dayaeditionsaareaespeciallyagoodaforathisaexercise.aEvenaexperiencedaprojectamanagersafi
ndatheanumberaofaprojectsafaragreaterathanatheyawouldahaveapredicted.a Eachaoneawasama
nagedabyaaaprojectamanager!aThisaisaaagoodaillustrationaofatheaimportantaroleaprojectsapla
yainaouradailyalives.

2. Individuallyaidentifyawhatayouaconsideratoabeatheagreatestaachievementsaaccomplis
hedabyamankindainathealastafiveadecades.aNowashareayouralistawitha threeatoafiveaoth
erastudentsainatheaclass,aandacomeaupawithaanaexpandedalist.aReviewatheseaaccompli
shmentsainatermsaofatheadefinitionaofaaaproject.aWhatadoesayourareviewasuggestaabo
utatheaimportanceaofaprojectamanagement?

Typicalaresponsesacenteraonatechnology,amedicalaadvances,aspaceaexploration—
e.g.,acomputeraadvances,alaseraoperationsaandanewadrugs,abuildingatheaspaceastation.aOft
enayouahaveatoapointaoutathatamanyaofatheseaprojectsaareareallyaprograms.

Weausuallyaselectatwoaorathreeastudentasuggestionsaofaprojectsa(thereawillabeaplenty!)aand
aaskatheastudentsatoaidentifyatheakindsaofaproblemsatheaprojectamanageraofatheaprojectama

yahaveahadatoadealawith.aAgain,aonceatheastudentsagetaintoatheaexercise,atheaproblemsathe
yacanaenvisionaareamany.aTheseaproblemsaareaplacedaonatheaboard.aAfteratheaboardaisanea
rafilledaandamostastudentsahaveaparticipated,aweatryatoashowaoraclassifyaonatheaboardatheap
roblemsabyatheacontentaofatheatextachapters.aTheaintentaisatoademonstrateatoatheaclassatheac
ourseaandatextawillaaddressamanyaofatheaproblemsasuggestedabyatheastudents.




1-4