AALSO Level 1 Operator Certification
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Universal solvent - ✔✔Polarity of the molecule, many substances can be dissolved in it
Cohesion - ✔✔Water's affinity for "staying together" or staying intact
Adhesion - ✔✔Water's affinity for "breaking off" or sticking to another substance
pH - ✔✔Measures the activity of the hydrogen ions in a substance; high activity, low
pH; low activity, high pH
Testing for pH - ✔✔Probe with a glass bulb and low voltage, or a chemical substance
with a known reaction to pH
Temperature - ✔✔The kinetic energy (motion) of the molecules in a substance.
Measured with a thermometer or a temperature probe.
Salinity - ✔✔Measurement of salt ion concentration in water. Measured with a
refractometer or by conductivity.
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, Total Ammonia Nitrogen - ✔✔Primarily a concern at higher pH levels, consists of
ammonia and ammonium. Tested with a reagent.
Nitrogen cycle - ✔✔Ammonia oxidized to nitrite by nitrosomonas, and then oxidized
into nitrate with nitrobacter
Bacteria - ✔✔Testing for coliform bacteria is done with membrane filtration or a plate
count
Alkalinity - ✔✔A measure of water's resistance to changes in pH (buffering capacity).
Measured as carbonate/bicarbonate with an acid titration.
Centrifugal pumps - ✔✔Water enters the impeller and creates pressure as water exits
the pump. Pumps are not self-priming, but can be submersible or air-cooled. Converts
electric energy to kinetic energy to pressure.
Diaphragm pump - ✔✔Positive displacement pump, requires a membrane to move
water in and out and the use of check valves.
Peristaltic pumps - ✔✔Positive displacement pump, non-submersible, low flow, good
for dosing chemicals, supplements, and food. Pinched tubing creates pressure.
Sand filter - ✔✔Mechanical filtration, high surface area, backwashing required.
Activated carbon - ✔✔Can be used in place of sand filter, high surface area due to the
carbon's molecular structure
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Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Pass
Universal solvent - ✔✔Polarity of the molecule, many substances can be dissolved in it
Cohesion - ✔✔Water's affinity for "staying together" or staying intact
Adhesion - ✔✔Water's affinity for "breaking off" or sticking to another substance
pH - ✔✔Measures the activity of the hydrogen ions in a substance; high activity, low
pH; low activity, high pH
Testing for pH - ✔✔Probe with a glass bulb and low voltage, or a chemical substance
with a known reaction to pH
Temperature - ✔✔The kinetic energy (motion) of the molecules in a substance.
Measured with a thermometer or a temperature probe.
Salinity - ✔✔Measurement of salt ion concentration in water. Measured with a
refractometer or by conductivity.
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, Total Ammonia Nitrogen - ✔✔Primarily a concern at higher pH levels, consists of
ammonia and ammonium. Tested with a reagent.
Nitrogen cycle - ✔✔Ammonia oxidized to nitrite by nitrosomonas, and then oxidized
into nitrate with nitrobacter
Bacteria - ✔✔Testing for coliform bacteria is done with membrane filtration or a plate
count
Alkalinity - ✔✔A measure of water's resistance to changes in pH (buffering capacity).
Measured as carbonate/bicarbonate with an acid titration.
Centrifugal pumps - ✔✔Water enters the impeller and creates pressure as water exits
the pump. Pumps are not self-priming, but can be submersible or air-cooled. Converts
electric energy to kinetic energy to pressure.
Diaphragm pump - ✔✔Positive displacement pump, requires a membrane to move
water in and out and the use of check valves.
Peristaltic pumps - ✔✔Positive displacement pump, non-submersible, low flow, good
for dosing chemicals, supplements, and food. Pinched tubing creates pressure.
Sand filter - ✔✔Mechanical filtration, high surface area, backwashing required.
Activated carbon - ✔✔Can be used in place of sand filter, high surface area due to the
carbon's molecular structure
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
