TEST BANK FOR
k k
Microbiology An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski
k k k k k k k k k k k
Chapter 1-28
k
CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
k k k k k k
MULTIPLEkCHOICE
1. Viruseskare:
a. infectiouskagentskthatkinfectkmulti-cellularkorganisms
b. noncellularkparticleskthatktakekoverkthekmetabolismkofkakcellktokgeneratekmorekviruskpar
ticles
c. pathogenskthatkreplicatekinkcomplexkgrowthkmedia
d. cellularkparticleskthatkbelongktokthekarchaeakdomain
e. microbeskthatkconsistkofklipidkmembranekenclosedkgenomes
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.Ak|kI.B
MSC:k Remembering
2. AnalysiskofkDNAksequenceskreveals:
a. thekancientkconvergencekofktwokcellktypes,ki.e.,kprokaryoteskandkeukaryotes
b. prokaryoteskandkeukaryoteskevolvedkfromkakcommonkancestralkcell
c. thatkbacteriaksharekcommonkancestorkwithkarchaea,kbutknotkwithkeukarya
d. prokaryoteskarekcellskwithkaknucleus
e. thekgenomekofkHaemophiluskinfluenzaekhaskaboutk2kbillionkbasekpairs
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.Ak|kI.B
MSC:k Remembering
3. WhichkofkthesekgroupskarekconsideredktokbekmicrobeskbutkNOTkconsideredktokbekcells?
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentouskfungi
c. archaea
ANS:k A DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.A.i
MSC:k Remembering
4. Akmicrobekiskcommonlykdefinedkas:
a. akviruskthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
b. akbacteriumkthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
c. aksingle-cellularkprokaryotekthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
d. akmulticellularkeukaryotekthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
e. aklivingkorganismkthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
ANS:k E DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.A.ik|kI.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
5. WhichkonekofkthekfollowingkstatementskregardingkmicrobialkcellskiskNOTktrue?
a. Microbialkcellskacquirekfood,kgainkenergyktokbuildkthemselves,kandkrespondkto
environmentalkchange.
, b. Mostksingle-celledkorganismskrequirekakmicroscopektokrenderkthemkvisible,kbutksome
bacterialkcellskareklargekenoughktokbekseenkwithknakedkeyes.
c. Microbeskfunctionkaskindividualkentities.
d. Manykmicrobeskformkcomplexkmulticellularkassemblages.
e. Viruseskareknotkconsideredkaskmicrobialkcells.
ANS:k C DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.A.ik|kI.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
6. WhichkofkthekfollowingkstatementskiskFALSE?
a. Akgenomekiskthektotalkgenetickinformationkcontainedkinkankorganism’skchromosomalkDNA.
b. Ifkakmicrobe’skgenomekincludeskgeneskforknitrogenase,kthatkmicrobekprobablykcankfixknitrogen.
c. BykcomparingkDNAksequenceskofkdifferentkorganisms,kwekcankfigurekoutkhowkclosely
relatedktheykare.
d. FredkSangerkdevelopedkthekfirstkapplicablekDNAksequencingkmethod.
e. FredkSangerkcompletedktheksequenceskofkHaemophiluskinfluenzae.
ANS:k E DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.B
MSC:k Remembering
7. Thekfirstkcellularkgenomesktokbeksequencedkwerekthosekof:
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.B.i
MSC:k Remembering
8. ThekenvironmentkofkearlykEarthkmaykhavekcontainedkallkofkthekfollowingkEXCEPT:
a. ferrouskiron d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogenkgas
c. ammonia
ANS:k D DIF: Easy
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
9. Thekdevelopmentkofkthektheorykofkthek―RNAkworld‖kresultedkfromkthekdiscoverykof:
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS:k D DIF: Medium
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
10. Whichkmicrobeskmaykresemblekthosekofkthekearliestklifekforms?
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetickalgae e. protists
c. viruses
ANS:k A DIF: Medium
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
11. Earlykmetabolismkmaykhavekbeenkcatalyzedkby:
a. DNA d. aminokacids
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
, c. protein
ANS:k B DIF: Medium
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
12. Whichkofkthekfollowingkdiseaseskaccountskforkmorekthankhalfkofkallkhumankmortality?
a. cardiovascularkdisease d. microbialkdisease
b. cancer e. strokes
c. accidents
ANS:k D DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A
MSC:k Remembering
13. Whichkcenturykiskknownkaskthekgoldenkagekofkmicrobiology?
a. thekseventeenth d. thektwentieth
b. thekeighteenth e. thektwenty-first
c. theknineteenth
ANS:k C DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A
MSC:k Remembering
14. AllkofkthekfollowingkhavekbeenkfoundkinkmummieskandktombkartkEXCEPT:
a. tuberculosis d. smallpox
b. polio e. AIDS
c. leprosy
ANS:k E DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.i
MSC:k Remembering
15. HowkdidkEuropeankinvadersktokNorthkAmericakkillkmuchkofktheknativekpopulation?
a. tuberculosis d. HIV
b. leprosy e. bubonickplague
c. smallpox
ANS:k C DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.i
MSC:k Remembering
16. Nightingale:
a. iskbetterkknownkaskthekfounderkofkprofessionalknursing
b. waskthekfirstktokusekdisinfectantktokdemonstratektheksignificancekofkasepticktechnique
c. developedkthekpiekchartkofkmortalitykdatakduringkthekCrimeankWar
d. performedkthekfirstkcontrolledkexperimentkonkthekchemicalkconversionkofkmatter,kknown
todaykaskchemotherapy
e. allkofkthekabove
ANS:k A DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
17. Whokdevelopedkthekconceptkofkmedicalkstatistics?
a. FranciskCrick d. LouiskPasteur
b. FlorencekNightingale e. AlexanderkFleming
c. EdwardkJenner
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
, 18. Thekfirstkpersonktokvisualizekindividualkmicrobeskwas:
a. AntoniekvankLeeuwenhoek d. LadykMontagu
b. RobertkHooke e. EdwardkJenner
c. LouiskPasteur
ANS:k A DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.B.ii
MSC:k Remembering
19. Whichktechniquekwaskdevelopedktokdistinguishkbacteriakfromkhumankcells?
a. Gramkstain d. DNAksequencing
b. electronkmicroscopy e. polymerasekchainkreactionk(PCR)
c. X-raykdiffraction
ANS:k A DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.B.ii
MSC:k Remembering
20. Howkiskmostksterilizationkperformedkforkthekcontrolledkstudykofkmicrobes?
a. boiling d. autoclaving
b. pasteurization e. irradiation
c. filterksterilization
ANS:k D DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.C.iii.a
MSC:k Remembering
21. Microbeskcankshapekhumankhistorykvia:
a. lithotrophickactivities d. productionkofkcheese
b. productionkofkalcoholickbeverages e. allkofkthekabove
c. diseaseskthatktheykcause
ANS:k E DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A
MSC:k Understanding
22. SupposekPasteur’skswan-
neckedkflaskskcontainingkboiledkbrothkbecamekcloudyk24khourskafterkboiling.kWhichkchoicekcouldkbestk
explainkthekturbiditykorkcloudinesskinkthekbrothkwithoutksupportingkspontaneouskgeneration?
a. Endosporeskinkthekbrothksurvivedkboilingkandkgrewkafterkthekbrothkcooled.
b. Contaminatingkorganismskinkthekbrothkkilledkbykboilingkbecamekalivekagainkafterkthekbroth
cooled.
c. Chemicalskinkthekbrothkcamektogetherktokformklivingkorganisms.
d. Thekbrothkallowedklightktokpasskthroughkitkwithklesskinterferencekafterkboiling.
e. Solidkmaterialkinkthekbrothkdissolvedkduringkboiling.
ANS:k A DIF: Difficult REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.C.ii.b
MSC:k Applying
23. RobertkKoch’skgreatestkaccomplishmentkinkthekfieldkofkmedicalkbacteriologykwaskwith:
a. Escherichiakcoli d. rabies
b. Bacillusksubtilis e. smallpox
c. Mycobacteriumktuberculosis
ANS:k C DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.3 TOP:k III.B.i
MSC:k Remembering
24. Thekusekofkagarkaskthekgellingkagentkinksolidkmediakwasksuggestedkby:
a. RobertkKoch d. LouiskPasteur
b. IgnazkSemmelweis e. RichardkPetri
k k
Microbiology An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski
k k k k k k k k k k k
Chapter 1-28
k
CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
k k k k k k
MULTIPLEkCHOICE
1. Viruseskare:
a. infectiouskagentskthatkinfectkmulti-cellularkorganisms
b. noncellularkparticleskthatktakekoverkthekmetabolismkofkakcellktokgeneratekmorekviruskpar
ticles
c. pathogenskthatkreplicatekinkcomplexkgrowthkmedia
d. cellularkparticleskthatkbelongktokthekarchaeakdomain
e. microbeskthatkconsistkofklipidkmembranekenclosedkgenomes
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.Ak|kI.B
MSC:k Remembering
2. AnalysiskofkDNAksequenceskreveals:
a. thekancientkconvergencekofktwokcellktypes,ki.e.,kprokaryoteskandkeukaryotes
b. prokaryoteskandkeukaryoteskevolvedkfromkakcommonkancestralkcell
c. thatkbacteriaksharekcommonkancestorkwithkarchaea,kbutknotkwithkeukarya
d. prokaryoteskarekcellskwithkaknucleus
e. thekgenomekofkHaemophiluskinfluenzaekhaskaboutk2kbillionkbasekpairs
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.Ak|kI.B
MSC:k Remembering
3. WhichkofkthesekgroupskarekconsideredktokbekmicrobeskbutkNOTkconsideredktokbekcells?
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentouskfungi
c. archaea
ANS:k A DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.A.i
MSC:k Remembering
4. Akmicrobekiskcommonlykdefinedkas:
a. akviruskthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
b. akbacteriumkthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
c. aksingle-cellularkprokaryotekthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
d. akmulticellularkeukaryotekthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
e. aklivingkorganismkthatkrequireskakmicroscopektokbekseen
ANS:k E DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.A.ik|kI.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
5. WhichkonekofkthekfollowingkstatementskregardingkmicrobialkcellskiskNOTktrue?
a. Microbialkcellskacquirekfood,kgainkenergyktokbuildkthemselves,kandkrespondkto
environmentalkchange.
, b. Mostksingle-celledkorganismskrequirekakmicroscopektokrenderkthemkvisible,kbutksome
bacterialkcellskareklargekenoughktokbekseenkwithknakedkeyes.
c. Microbeskfunctionkaskindividualkentities.
d. Manykmicrobeskformkcomplexkmulticellularkassemblages.
e. Viruseskareknotkconsideredkaskmicrobialkcells.
ANS:k C DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.A.ik|kI.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
6. WhichkofkthekfollowingkstatementskiskFALSE?
a. Akgenomekiskthektotalkgenetickinformationkcontainedkinkankorganism’skchromosomalkDNA.
b. Ifkakmicrobe’skgenomekincludeskgeneskforknitrogenase,kthatkmicrobekprobablykcankfixknitrogen.
c. BykcomparingkDNAksequenceskofkdifferentkorganisms,kwekcankfigurekoutkhowkclosely
relatedktheykare.
d. FredkSangerkdevelopedkthekfirstkapplicablekDNAksequencingkmethod.
e. FredkSangerkcompletedktheksequenceskofkHaemophiluskinfluenzae.
ANS:k E DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.B
MSC:k Remembering
7. Thekfirstkcellularkgenomesktokbeksequencedkwerekthosekof:
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.1 TOP:k I.B.i
MSC:k Remembering
8. ThekenvironmentkofkearlykEarthkmaykhavekcontainedkallkofkthekfollowingkEXCEPT:
a. ferrouskiron d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogenkgas
c. ammonia
ANS:k D DIF: Easy
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
9. Thekdevelopmentkofkthektheorykofkthek―RNAkworld‖kresultedkfromkthekdiscoverykof:
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS:k D DIF: Medium
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
10. Whichkmicrobeskmaykresemblekthosekofkthekearliestklifekforms?
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetickalgae e. protists
c. viruses
ANS:k A DIF: Medium
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
11. Earlykmetabolismkmaykhavekbeenkcatalyzedkby:
a. DNA d. aminokacids
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
, c. protein
ANS:k B DIF: Medium
REF:kSpecialkTopick1.1kTOP:k II.D
MSC:k Remembering
12. Whichkofkthekfollowingkdiseaseskaccountskforkmorekthankhalfkofkallkhumankmortality?
a. cardiovascularkdisease d. microbialkdisease
b. cancer e. strokes
c. accidents
ANS:k D DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A
MSC:k Remembering
13. Whichkcenturykiskknownkaskthekgoldenkagekofkmicrobiology?
a. thekseventeenth d. thektwentieth
b. thekeighteenth e. thektwenty-first
c. theknineteenth
ANS:k C DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A
MSC:k Remembering
14. AllkofkthekfollowingkhavekbeenkfoundkinkmummieskandktombkartkEXCEPT:
a. tuberculosis d. smallpox
b. polio e. AIDS
c. leprosy
ANS:k E DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.i
MSC:k Remembering
15. HowkdidkEuropeankinvadersktokNorthkAmericakkillkmuchkofktheknativekpopulation?
a. tuberculosis d. HIV
b. leprosy e. bubonickplague
c. smallpox
ANS:k C DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.i
MSC:k Remembering
16. Nightingale:
a. iskbetterkknownkaskthekfounderkofkprofessionalknursing
b. waskthekfirstktokusekdisinfectantktokdemonstratektheksignificancekofkasepticktechnique
c. developedkthekpiekchartkofkmortalitykdatakduringkthekCrimeankWar
d. performedkthekfirstkcontrolledkexperimentkonkthekchemicalkconversionkofkmatter,kknown
todaykaskchemotherapy
e. allkofkthekabove
ANS:k A DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
17. Whokdevelopedkthekconceptkofkmedicalkstatistics?
a. FranciskCrick d. LouiskPasteur
b. FlorencekNightingale e. AlexanderkFleming
c. EdwardkJenner
ANS:k B DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A.ii
MSC:k Remembering
, 18. Thekfirstkpersonktokvisualizekindividualkmicrobeskwas:
a. AntoniekvankLeeuwenhoek d. LadykMontagu
b. RobertkHooke e. EdwardkJenner
c. LouiskPasteur
ANS:k A DIF: Easy REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.B.ii
MSC:k Remembering
19. Whichktechniquekwaskdevelopedktokdistinguishkbacteriakfromkhumankcells?
a. Gramkstain d. DNAksequencing
b. electronkmicroscopy e. polymerasekchainkreactionk(PCR)
c. X-raykdiffraction
ANS:k A DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.B.ii
MSC:k Remembering
20. Howkiskmostksterilizationkperformedkforkthekcontrolledkstudykofkmicrobes?
a. boiling d. autoclaving
b. pasteurization e. irradiation
c. filterksterilization
ANS:k D DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.C.iii.a
MSC:k Remembering
21. Microbeskcankshapekhumankhistorykvia:
a. lithotrophickactivities d. productionkofkcheese
b. productionkofkalcoholickbeverages e. allkofkthekabove
c. diseaseskthatktheykcause
ANS:k E DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.A
MSC:k Understanding
22. SupposekPasteur’skswan-
neckedkflaskskcontainingkboiledkbrothkbecamekcloudyk24khourskafterkboiling.kWhichkchoicekcouldkbestk
explainkthekturbiditykorkcloudinesskinkthekbrothkwithoutksupportingkspontaneouskgeneration?
a. Endosporeskinkthekbrothksurvivedkboilingkandkgrewkafterkthekbrothkcooled.
b. Contaminatingkorganismskinkthekbrothkkilledkbykboilingkbecamekalivekagainkafterkthekbroth
cooled.
c. Chemicalskinkthekbrothkcamektogetherktokformklivingkorganisms.
d. Thekbrothkallowedklightktokpasskthroughkitkwithklesskinterferencekafterkboiling.
e. Solidkmaterialkinkthekbrothkdissolvedkduringkboiling.
ANS:k A DIF: Difficult REF:kkk1.2 TOP:k II.C.ii.b
MSC:k Applying
23. RobertkKoch’skgreatestkaccomplishmentkinkthekfieldkofkmedicalkbacteriologykwaskwith:
a. Escherichiakcoli d. rabies
b. Bacillusksubtilis e. smallpox
c. Mycobacteriumktuberculosis
ANS:k C DIF: Medium REF:kkk1.3 TOP:k III.B.i
MSC:k Remembering
24. Thekusekofkagarkaskthekgellingkagentkinksolidkmediakwasksuggestedkby:
a. RobertkKoch d. LouiskPasteur
b. IgnazkSemmelweis e. RichardkPetri
