NUR 354 Exam 3 Review Questions And Answers
Latest Solutions
What is the route of administration for heparin?
Parenterally only
-IV
-Subcutaneous
What is low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)?
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
What is the difference between heparin and enoxaparin (Lovenox)?
-The onset of heparin is approximately 20-30 minutes whereas the onset of enoxaparin is several hours
-Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is less likely to cause HIT (heparin induced thrombocytopenia)
What is HIT?
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
What is an alternative drug for a patient who develops HIT?
Argatroban (Acova)
What drug class does argatroban (Acova) belong to?
Direct thrombin inhibitors
What lab is used to assess the effectiveness of heparin?
-PTT
-aPTT
-Factor Xa
What are examples of direct thrombin inhibitors?
-Argatroban (Acova)
-Dabigatran (Pradaxa)
What is the reversal agent for dabigatran (Pradaxa)?
Idarucizumab (Praxbind)
What is the reversal agent for a heparin or enoxaparin (Lovenox) overdose?
Protamine sulfate
What is the reversal agent for a warfarin (Coumadin) overdose?
Vitamin K
What is an important education point you should provide to a client who is taking warfarin (Coumadin)?
, Do not increase or decrease vitamin K intake
What labs are used to assess the effectiveness of warfarin (Coumadin)?
PT/INR
What is a normal INR lab value?
< 1.1 or below
What is an expected INR lab value while on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy?
2-3
What drug category has many medications that interact with warfarin (Coumadin)?
Antibiotics
How would you transition a patient from heparin to warfarin (Coumadin)?
The two drugs must be administered concurrently (warfarin and then heparin) for 2 to 3 days
(overlapping dosing) until PT/INR values are stable
What anticoagulant is not safe in pregnancy?
Warfarin (Coumadin)
What drug classes are also referred to as DOACs?
-Direct thrombin inhibitors
-Factor Xa inhibitors
What are examples of factor Xa inhibitors?
-Apixaban (Eliquis)
-Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
What is the reversal agent for factor Xa inhibitors or DOACs?
Factor Xa
In the case that you do not have a reversal agent for an anticoagulant, what contains clotting factors that
you can administer to a patient ?
Plasma
What is an OTC antiplatelet?
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA)
What are examples of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor blockers?
-Clopidogrel (Plavix)
-Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
What part of clot formation do platelets interact with?
Formation of platelets
Latest Solutions
What is the route of administration for heparin?
Parenterally only
-IV
-Subcutaneous
What is low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)?
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
What is the difference between heparin and enoxaparin (Lovenox)?
-The onset of heparin is approximately 20-30 minutes whereas the onset of enoxaparin is several hours
-Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is less likely to cause HIT (heparin induced thrombocytopenia)
What is HIT?
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
What is an alternative drug for a patient who develops HIT?
Argatroban (Acova)
What drug class does argatroban (Acova) belong to?
Direct thrombin inhibitors
What lab is used to assess the effectiveness of heparin?
-PTT
-aPTT
-Factor Xa
What are examples of direct thrombin inhibitors?
-Argatroban (Acova)
-Dabigatran (Pradaxa)
What is the reversal agent for dabigatran (Pradaxa)?
Idarucizumab (Praxbind)
What is the reversal agent for a heparin or enoxaparin (Lovenox) overdose?
Protamine sulfate
What is the reversal agent for a warfarin (Coumadin) overdose?
Vitamin K
What is an important education point you should provide to a client who is taking warfarin (Coumadin)?
, Do not increase or decrease vitamin K intake
What labs are used to assess the effectiveness of warfarin (Coumadin)?
PT/INR
What is a normal INR lab value?
< 1.1 or below
What is an expected INR lab value while on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy?
2-3
What drug category has many medications that interact with warfarin (Coumadin)?
Antibiotics
How would you transition a patient from heparin to warfarin (Coumadin)?
The two drugs must be administered concurrently (warfarin and then heparin) for 2 to 3 days
(overlapping dosing) until PT/INR values are stable
What anticoagulant is not safe in pregnancy?
Warfarin (Coumadin)
What drug classes are also referred to as DOACs?
-Direct thrombin inhibitors
-Factor Xa inhibitors
What are examples of factor Xa inhibitors?
-Apixaban (Eliquis)
-Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
What is the reversal agent for factor Xa inhibitors or DOACs?
Factor Xa
In the case that you do not have a reversal agent for an anticoagulant, what contains clotting factors that
you can administer to a patient ?
Plasma
What is an OTC antiplatelet?
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA)
What are examples of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor blockers?
-Clopidogrel (Plavix)
-Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
What part of clot formation do platelets interact with?
Formation of platelets
