BCHM 4360 Exam II
Terms in this set (208)
What are the three steps of initiation, elongation, termination
transcription?
True or False: The False, replication bubble is much larger because it requires two
transcription bubble is machines at once.
just as big as the replication
bubble.
When does transcription when RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter
officially start?
What is the first base to be the transcription start site (TSS) and +1
transcribed known as and
how is it denoted?
Which direction is RNA 5' to 3'
transcribed in?
On RNA, bases 3' of a site are downstream, upstream
_______________________
while
bases 5' of a site are_.
When the RNA is a promoter, conformation
sufficient size, the RNA
Polymerase moves past
the__________________and
changes___to be more stably
associated with the DNA.
How does the RNA unwinds the DNA ahead of the bubble and the DNA re-pairs
Polymerase maintain the behind the enzyme
transcription bubble along
the DNA?
Elongation continues until terminator
the polymerase meets a
DNA sequence called a__.
What are the three 1. Nucleosome remodeling enzymes
additional types of enzymes 2. Histone chaperones
besides RNA Polymerase that 3. Enzymes that reversibly modify histone proteins
are required in eukaryotic
transcription?
What does RNA Polymerase I large rRNA genes
typically transcribe?
,What does RNA Polymerase II mRNA genes
typically transcribe?
What does RNA Polymerase III tRNA and 5S rRNA
typically transcribe?
True or False: Bacteria and False, bacteria and archaea only have a single RNA Polymerase.
archaea have multiple RNA
Polymerases just like
eukaryotes, they just have
different kinds.
True or False: All RNA True
Polymerases have a core
enzyme that catalyzes RNA
synthesis, but this cannot
act alone and relies on
extra proteins.
Bacteria are than eukaryotes simpler, sigma
and thus
operate mainly on factors.
Which domain has the Bacteria, 400kD
smallest RNA
Polymerase and
approximately what size is
it?
How many subunits are 5
in the bacterial RNA
Polymerase?
What shape do bacterial RNA jaw-like lobes
Polymerase subunits
assemble into?
Between Pol I, II, and III, which Rbp5, 6, 8, 10, and 12
subunits are common?
What is an additional function couples transcription to processing of RNA transcript
of RNA Polymerase II?
True or False: RNA core True
sequences can synthesize
RNA, but cannot recognize
promoter sequences.
What does the core Sigma factor
bacterial enzyme require
in order to recognize
, promoter sequences?
Core polymerase (bacteria) + holoenzyme
sigma factor
=___________
Bacterial promoters -35 and -10
generally have which two
elements?
Are the -35 and -10 elements upstream
upstream or downstream of
the TSS?
Why would having two Makes a much more stable process than if just one contact point
contact points for sigma
factors be beneficial to
transcription?
What is the main difference Each has a preferred binding sequence and preferred spacing
between the many between the -35 and
bacterial sigma factors? -10 elements
How do the sigma factor The closer the sequences and spacing are to the
preferred preference for a particular sigma factor, the tighter the
spacings help regulate sigma factor will bind, giving higher transcription rates
transcription?
What are most common for Consensus sequences
strong promotion of
expression of genes?
Terms in this set (208)
What are the three steps of initiation, elongation, termination
transcription?
True or False: The False, replication bubble is much larger because it requires two
transcription bubble is machines at once.
just as big as the replication
bubble.
When does transcription when RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter
officially start?
What is the first base to be the transcription start site (TSS) and +1
transcribed known as and
how is it denoted?
Which direction is RNA 5' to 3'
transcribed in?
On RNA, bases 3' of a site are downstream, upstream
_______________________
while
bases 5' of a site are_.
When the RNA is a promoter, conformation
sufficient size, the RNA
Polymerase moves past
the__________________and
changes___to be more stably
associated with the DNA.
How does the RNA unwinds the DNA ahead of the bubble and the DNA re-pairs
Polymerase maintain the behind the enzyme
transcription bubble along
the DNA?
Elongation continues until terminator
the polymerase meets a
DNA sequence called a__.
What are the three 1. Nucleosome remodeling enzymes
additional types of enzymes 2. Histone chaperones
besides RNA Polymerase that 3. Enzymes that reversibly modify histone proteins
are required in eukaryotic
transcription?
What does RNA Polymerase I large rRNA genes
typically transcribe?
,What does RNA Polymerase II mRNA genes
typically transcribe?
What does RNA Polymerase III tRNA and 5S rRNA
typically transcribe?
True or False: Bacteria and False, bacteria and archaea only have a single RNA Polymerase.
archaea have multiple RNA
Polymerases just like
eukaryotes, they just have
different kinds.
True or False: All RNA True
Polymerases have a core
enzyme that catalyzes RNA
synthesis, but this cannot
act alone and relies on
extra proteins.
Bacteria are than eukaryotes simpler, sigma
and thus
operate mainly on factors.
Which domain has the Bacteria, 400kD
smallest RNA
Polymerase and
approximately what size is
it?
How many subunits are 5
in the bacterial RNA
Polymerase?
What shape do bacterial RNA jaw-like lobes
Polymerase subunits
assemble into?
Between Pol I, II, and III, which Rbp5, 6, 8, 10, and 12
subunits are common?
What is an additional function couples transcription to processing of RNA transcript
of RNA Polymerase II?
True or False: RNA core True
sequences can synthesize
RNA, but cannot recognize
promoter sequences.
What does the core Sigma factor
bacterial enzyme require
in order to recognize
, promoter sequences?
Core polymerase (bacteria) + holoenzyme
sigma factor
=___________
Bacterial promoters -35 and -10
generally have which two
elements?
Are the -35 and -10 elements upstream
upstream or downstream of
the TSS?
Why would having two Makes a much more stable process than if just one contact point
contact points for sigma
factors be beneficial to
transcription?
What is the main difference Each has a preferred binding sequence and preferred spacing
between the many between the -35 and
bacterial sigma factors? -10 elements
How do the sigma factor The closer the sequences and spacing are to the
preferred preference for a particular sigma factor, the tighter the
spacings help regulate sigma factor will bind, giving higher transcription rates
transcription?
What are most common for Consensus sequences
strong promotion of
expression of genes?
