NR 358 Study Exam 1 Questions And
All Correct Answers.
According to WHO, what is health? - Answer -A state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is population health? - Answer -the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including
the distribution of such outcomes within the group.
What are the four main determinants of population health? - Answer 1. Social and economic
factors — 40 percent
2. Health behaviors — 30 percent
3. Clinical care — 20 percent
4. Environmental factors — 10 percent
So our social & economic factors play the biggest role in determining how healthy we are in
America.
What are upstream factors? - Answer These have to do with the socioeconomic &
environmental factors that affect population health such as:
-Income and wealth
-Education
-Employment and occupation
-Family and social support
-The built environment
-The food environment
-Community safety and culture
-Media/information environment
-Environmental pollution
What are individual factors in population health? - Answer -Genetic endowment
-Behavioral factors
,What is upstream thinking? - Answer -used to focus on interventions that promote or prevent
illness, as opposed to medical treatment models that focus on care after an individual becomes
ill
What is systems thinking? - Answer -studies how an individual or unit interacts with other
organizations or systems. Useful in examining cause & effect relationships
What are health indicators? - Answer -mortality rates
-disease prevalence
-levels of physical activity
-obesity
-tobacco or other substance use
(describe health of community & serve as targets for improvement)
Whats the difference between community based nursing vs. community oriented nursing? -
Answer community based nursing:
-care focused on individuals and families
-goal is to manage acute or chronic conditions
-nursing activites are direct (one-on-one) in settings like schools, camps, prisons, homes.
community-oriented nursing:
-care focused on aggregates, communities, populations, can include at-risk or underserved
individuals and families
-goal is health promotion and disease prevention
-nursing activities are usually indirect (program management), but can include direct care of at-
risk individuals and populations
Ethical priniciples in community health nursing - Answer -Respect for autonomy
-Nonmaleficence
-Benificience
-Distributive justive (fair distribution of benefits and burden in society is based on the needs and
contributions of its members)
, 3.Client-centered
4. Equal (equity-providing care without discriminating against gender, race, sexual orientation,
socieconmic status)
5.Safe
6.Efficient (avoids waste in supplies,energy, ideas)
What is the IHI Triple Aim? - Answer 1.improve patient care experience
2.improve health of populations
3.reduce per capita cost
NOTE: The quadruple aim includes how satisfied providers are
Who are the founders or population health? - Answer 1.Samuel Shattuck: 1850 Architect of
American Public Health. Data/Sanitation/Census
2.Dorthea Dix: 19th Century Change Treatment of Mentally Ill
3. Clara Barton: Founder Red Cross. Nurse in Civil War
4.Florence Nightengale: Nursing EBP!
5.Lillian Wald:Homecare/Public Health/School Nurse
What are the 3 P's of public health - Answer -Preventing Disease
-Prolonging Life (maintenance)
-Promoting Health
What did the Public Health Service Act of 1944 entail? - Answer -Gave gov't authority to
impose quarantine and to prevent spread of disease
-many amendments since then
All Correct Answers.
According to WHO, what is health? - Answer -A state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is population health? - Answer -the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including
the distribution of such outcomes within the group.
What are the four main determinants of population health? - Answer 1. Social and economic
factors — 40 percent
2. Health behaviors — 30 percent
3. Clinical care — 20 percent
4. Environmental factors — 10 percent
So our social & economic factors play the biggest role in determining how healthy we are in
America.
What are upstream factors? - Answer These have to do with the socioeconomic &
environmental factors that affect population health such as:
-Income and wealth
-Education
-Employment and occupation
-Family and social support
-The built environment
-The food environment
-Community safety and culture
-Media/information environment
-Environmental pollution
What are individual factors in population health? - Answer -Genetic endowment
-Behavioral factors
,What is upstream thinking? - Answer -used to focus on interventions that promote or prevent
illness, as opposed to medical treatment models that focus on care after an individual becomes
ill
What is systems thinking? - Answer -studies how an individual or unit interacts with other
organizations or systems. Useful in examining cause & effect relationships
What are health indicators? - Answer -mortality rates
-disease prevalence
-levels of physical activity
-obesity
-tobacco or other substance use
(describe health of community & serve as targets for improvement)
Whats the difference between community based nursing vs. community oriented nursing? -
Answer community based nursing:
-care focused on individuals and families
-goal is to manage acute or chronic conditions
-nursing activites are direct (one-on-one) in settings like schools, camps, prisons, homes.
community-oriented nursing:
-care focused on aggregates, communities, populations, can include at-risk or underserved
individuals and families
-goal is health promotion and disease prevention
-nursing activities are usually indirect (program management), but can include direct care of at-
risk individuals and populations
Ethical priniciples in community health nursing - Answer -Respect for autonomy
-Nonmaleficence
-Benificience
-Distributive justive (fair distribution of benefits and burden in society is based on the needs and
contributions of its members)
, 3.Client-centered
4. Equal (equity-providing care without discriminating against gender, race, sexual orientation,
socieconmic status)
5.Safe
6.Efficient (avoids waste in supplies,energy, ideas)
What is the IHI Triple Aim? - Answer 1.improve patient care experience
2.improve health of populations
3.reduce per capita cost
NOTE: The quadruple aim includes how satisfied providers are
Who are the founders or population health? - Answer 1.Samuel Shattuck: 1850 Architect of
American Public Health. Data/Sanitation/Census
2.Dorthea Dix: 19th Century Change Treatment of Mentally Ill
3. Clara Barton: Founder Red Cross. Nurse in Civil War
4.Florence Nightengale: Nursing EBP!
5.Lillian Wald:Homecare/Public Health/School Nurse
What are the 3 P's of public health - Answer -Preventing Disease
-Prolonging Life (maintenance)
-Promoting Health
What did the Public Health Service Act of 1944 entail? - Answer -Gave gov't authority to
impose quarantine and to prevent spread of disease
-many amendments since then
