1. A client has been diagnosed with polycythemia vera. The nurse
should assess the client for which of the following symptoms?
A. Jaundice
B. Weight loss
C. Enlarged spleen
D. Hypotension
Answer: C. Enlarged spleen
Rationale: Polycythemia vera is characterized by an increase in red
blood cell production, leading to an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) as
it works harder to filter the excess cells.
2. A client is scheduled for a bone marrow biopsy. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take prior to the procedure?
A. Encourage the client to take a pain reliever.
B. Ensure the client has a signed consent form.
C. Withhold food and fluids for 6 hours before the procedure.
D. Administer a sedative as prescribed.
Answer: B. Ensure the client has a signed consent form.
Rationale: Invasive procedures like bone marrow biopsies require
informed consent. The nurse should ensure the form is signed before
proceeding.
,3. A nurse is teaching a client with a history of sickle cell anemia about
strategies to avoid crises. Which of the following should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
B. Avoid exposure to cold temperatures.
C. Engage in intense physical exercise regularly.
D. Avoid taking folic acid supplements.
Answer: A. Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
Rationale: Staying hydrated helps prevent sickling of red blood cells,
which can lead to a sickle cell crisis. Cold exposure and strenuous
exercise can also precipitate a crisis.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with an elevated white blood cell count.
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?
A. Monitor the client for signs of infection.
B. Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
C. Encourage increased fluid intake.
D. Check the client’s hemoglobin levels.
Answer: A. Monitor the client for signs of infection.
Rationale: An elevated white blood cell count (leukocytosis) is typically
a response to infection, inflammation, or stress. Monitoring for signs of
infection is the priority intervention.
, 5. A nurse is caring for a client with hemophilia. The nurse should
assess for which of the following symptoms?
A. Increased thirst
B. Unexplained bruising
C. Difficulty breathing
D. Abdominal pain
Answer: B. Unexplained bruising
Rationale: Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder, and clients are at
increased risk for bleeding, including unexplained bruising.
6. A nurse is caring for a client with anemia. The nurse understands
that which of the following is a major complication of untreated severe
anemia?
A. Stroke
B. Heart failure
C. Liver failure
D. Kidney stones
Answer: B. Heart failure
Rationale: Severe anemia can lead to insufficient oxygen delivery to the
heart, increasing the risk of heart failure due to the added strain on the
cardiovascular system.
should assess the client for which of the following symptoms?
A. Jaundice
B. Weight loss
C. Enlarged spleen
D. Hypotension
Answer: C. Enlarged spleen
Rationale: Polycythemia vera is characterized by an increase in red
blood cell production, leading to an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) as
it works harder to filter the excess cells.
2. A client is scheduled for a bone marrow biopsy. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take prior to the procedure?
A. Encourage the client to take a pain reliever.
B. Ensure the client has a signed consent form.
C. Withhold food and fluids for 6 hours before the procedure.
D. Administer a sedative as prescribed.
Answer: B. Ensure the client has a signed consent form.
Rationale: Invasive procedures like bone marrow biopsies require
informed consent. The nurse should ensure the form is signed before
proceeding.
,3. A nurse is teaching a client with a history of sickle cell anemia about
strategies to avoid crises. Which of the following should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
B. Avoid exposure to cold temperatures.
C. Engage in intense physical exercise regularly.
D. Avoid taking folic acid supplements.
Answer: A. Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
Rationale: Staying hydrated helps prevent sickling of red blood cells,
which can lead to a sickle cell crisis. Cold exposure and strenuous
exercise can also precipitate a crisis.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with an elevated white blood cell count.
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?
A. Monitor the client for signs of infection.
B. Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
C. Encourage increased fluid intake.
D. Check the client’s hemoglobin levels.
Answer: A. Monitor the client for signs of infection.
Rationale: An elevated white blood cell count (leukocytosis) is typically
a response to infection, inflammation, or stress. Monitoring for signs of
infection is the priority intervention.
, 5. A nurse is caring for a client with hemophilia. The nurse should
assess for which of the following symptoms?
A. Increased thirst
B. Unexplained bruising
C. Difficulty breathing
D. Abdominal pain
Answer: B. Unexplained bruising
Rationale: Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder, and clients are at
increased risk for bleeding, including unexplained bruising.
6. A nurse is caring for a client with anemia. The nurse understands
that which of the following is a major complication of untreated severe
anemia?
A. Stroke
B. Heart failure
C. Liver failure
D. Kidney stones
Answer: B. Heart failure
Rationale: Severe anemia can lead to insufficient oxygen delivery to the
heart, increasing the risk of heart failure due to the added strain on the
cardiovascular system.
