Chapter 29: Plant Diversity 1: How Plants Colonized Land questions and solutions

Chapter 29: Plant Diversity 1: How Plants Colonized Land
questions and solutions

Archaeplastida - answer-A monophyletic group that descended from an ancient protist that engulfed a cyanobacterium mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp




Includes red algae, green algae, and land plants.
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Phycoerythrin - answer-Pigment that masks the green of chlorophyll. This pigment allows red algae to absorb blue and mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp




green light (allowing them to live in deep water).
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Red Algae Rhodophytes - answer-Usually multicellular. No flagellated gametes, they depend on currents for
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fertilization. Cell walls of corraline algae are hardened by calcium carbonate.
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Porphyra - answer-A foliose red algae eaten as nori and used in fish pellets. mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp




Green Algae - answer-Named for grass-green chloroplasts. Include chlorophytes and charophytes.
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Chlorophytes - answer-Unicellular, colonial, or multicellular. Include euglena and chlamydomonas. Mostly freshwate mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp




but also marine and terrestrial. Chlamydomonas nivalis - watermelon snow - has carotenoid pigment as well as
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chlorophyll.
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Cytoplasm - answer-Cyto means cell. mp mp mp mp




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Chlorophyll - answer-Chloros means green. mp mp mp mp




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3 Mechanisms of Chlorophyte Evolution - answer-1. Forming colonies or filamentous masses.
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2. Forming multicellular bodies by cell division and differentiation.
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3. Repeated division of nuclei without cytoplasmic division.
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Forming colonies or filamentous masses - answer-Wall composed of thousands of biflagellated cells embedded in
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gelatinous matrix. Cells connected by cytoplasm. Example: volvox - seen in stringy masses of pond scum.
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Forming multicellular bodies by cell division and differentiation - answer-Thallus, blades, holdfast. Example: ulva or se
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Repeated division of nuclei without cytoplasmic division - answer-Branched filaments are multinucleate. Thallus is on
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huge supercell.
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Similarities between green algae and land plants - answer-1. Multicellularity. mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp




2. Eukaryotic. mp




3. Photosynthetic autotrophs.
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4. Cellulose cell walls.
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5. Chloroplasts with chlorophylls A or B.
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Charophytes - answer-Shallow, freshwater dwelling, branched, multicellular green algae. Can extend above water mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp




surface. Known as muskgrass or skunk weed because of odor. Sperm in antheridium; egg in oogonium.
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