Ch. 29: Plant Diversity I --- How Plants Colonized Land questions and solutions

1. --- Land plants evolved from Green Algae ---:
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2. Plants are most closely related to which group of green algae?:Plants are most
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closely related to the charophytes.
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3. Provide some evidence for the relatedness of plants and charophytes...:- mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp mp m
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Plants and charophytes... mp mp




fhaveRINGS of proteins which synthesizecellulose.(Other protists synthesize cellulose
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in linear proteins.)
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fplantsthathaveflagellatedspermhavespermwhichissimilartocharophytesperm. fshare
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mp the otherwise unique formation of a phragmoplast during cell division.
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4. What is a phragmoplast?:A Phragmoplast is a microtubule structure which
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forms between the two nuclei of a dividing cell.
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A cell plate forms at the middle of the phragmoplast, giving rise to a new cross wall that
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separates the daughter cells.
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Phragmo=fence Plast p
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= builder
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5. Incharophytes,whatdurablepolymerlayerpreventsexposedzygotesfrom
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drying out?: Sporopollennin prevents charophyte zygotes from drying out.
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Sporopollenin walls also encase plant spores! mp mp mp mp mp




6. Land plants are also known as. ....... embryophytes mp mp mp mp mp




(because of their multicellular dependent embryos) mp mp mp mp mp




7. List some derived traits of plants which are not shared by charophytes. .......... f
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Alternation of Generations fMulticellular, mp mp mp




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producedinsporangia. fMulticellular
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, fApical meristems mp




fCuticle
• waterproofing
• protection from microbes mp mp




fStomata
• allow gas exchange, but limit water loss
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fmycorrhizal symbioses with fungi. mp mp mp




8. What polymer makes plant spores tough and resistant to harsh environ-
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ments?:Sporopolleninmakesthewallsofplantsporestoughandresistanttoharsh
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environments.
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9. What are gametangia?:Gametangia are multicellular organs found in plants
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which produce gametes.
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10. What are male gametangia called? mp mp mp mp




What are female gametangia called?:Male gametangia are called
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Female gametangia are called archegonia.
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11. Describe the general classification of plants...:fNon-vascular plants mp mp mp mp mp m
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• liverworts
• mosses (may have simple vasculature) mp mp mp mp




• hornworts

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• lycophytes (club mosses) mp mp




• monilophytes (ferns and their relatives) mp mp mp mp




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12. What percent of plants are vascular plants?:93% of plants are vascular
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13. Table:
Plant Diversity Data:
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