NTR 604 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Malabsorption of calcium and magnesium - Answer-Why do renal oxalate stones form
as a consequence of ileal resection?
true - Answer-The most common clinically relevant micronutrient deficiencies after
gastric bypass include thiamine, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, and copper.
prerenal - Answer-When acute renal failure is caused by hypotension/shock it is
classified as _________________ acute renal failure.
Glomerular filtration rate - Answer-A reduction in which of the following is the first
alteration that leads to the development of renal failure?
Deficiency of the hormone erythropoietin - Answer-The primary cause of anemia that
presents in chronic kidney disease is:
uremia - Answer-In renal disease, weakness, nausea and vomiting, muscle cramps,
itching, and a metallic taste are often caused by:
true - Answer-Based on the paper "Chronic Kidney Disease: Considerations for Nutrition
Interventions" by Alison L. This paper recommends the term "protein-energy wasting
(PEW) instead of malnutrition in CKD patients due to the tremendous influence of
inflammation, uremia, and catabolism on nutrition status.
calcium - Answer-Intake of which of the following does NOT usually need to be
decreased in the nutrition therapy of those with renal disease?
Consume liquids such as juices, shakes, and soft foods. - Answer-EC is a 62 YO male
who was recently diagnosed with esophageal cancer and more recently with
odynophagia (painful swallowing) and poor appetite and intake. You received a referral
to help him improve his nutritional status. Which of the following suggestions is the most
appropriate?
true - Answer-Some of the goals of nutrition therapy in cancer include: Prevent or
reverse nutrient deficiencies, preserve lean body mass, help patients better tolerate
treatments, minimize nutrition-related side effects and complications, and maximize the
quality of life.
constipation - Answer-Which side effect is frequently seen when narcotics are used in
cancer management?
megace - Answer-An example of an appetite stimulant is:
, true - Answer-Health "claim":
Make a direct linkage between ingredient and disease or health-related condition and
requires substantial clinicalstudy data to back up the claim.
true - Answer-Structure-function "claim":
Claim limited to promotion or maintenance of healthy structure or function and cannot
make reference to a disease or health condition.
dysphagia
mucositis
xerostomia - Answer-Some acute side effects of radiation therapy in head and neck
areas include:
Increased need for energy due to increased work of breathing - Answer-What is the
effect of severe pulmonary disease on a patient's energy requirements?
Acute respiratory distress syndrome - Answer-What pulmonary condition may be a
severe complication of critical illness?
calories - Answer-Which of the following in excess contributes the most to carbon
dioxide retention?
to prevent aspiration - Answer-Name a reason why a patient's head of bed should be
elevated while receiving enteral feeding.
true - Answer-In COVID-19:
During the acute phase, feeding should be initiated with low dose EN (hypocaloric),
advanced the full dose EN slowly over the first week of critical illness to meet energy
goal of 15-20 kcal/kg ABW (which should be 70-80% of calorie requirements) and
protein goal of 1.2-2.0gm/kg ABW/day.
A fiber free formula may be better tolerated. - Answer-In Covid-19:
A standard high protein (>=20% protein) polymeric isosmotic enteral formula should be
used in the early acute phase on critical illness. As the patient's status improves and
vasopressors requirements abate, addition of fiber should be considered.
If there is a significant GI dysfunction:
10-25 - Answer-In Covid-19:
Keep HOB elevated (reverse Trendelenburg) to at least ___________________
degrees with gastric feeding.
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Malabsorption of calcium and magnesium - Answer-Why do renal oxalate stones form
as a consequence of ileal resection?
true - Answer-The most common clinically relevant micronutrient deficiencies after
gastric bypass include thiamine, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, and copper.
prerenal - Answer-When acute renal failure is caused by hypotension/shock it is
classified as _________________ acute renal failure.
Glomerular filtration rate - Answer-A reduction in which of the following is the first
alteration that leads to the development of renal failure?
Deficiency of the hormone erythropoietin - Answer-The primary cause of anemia that
presents in chronic kidney disease is:
uremia - Answer-In renal disease, weakness, nausea and vomiting, muscle cramps,
itching, and a metallic taste are often caused by:
true - Answer-Based on the paper "Chronic Kidney Disease: Considerations for Nutrition
Interventions" by Alison L. This paper recommends the term "protein-energy wasting
(PEW) instead of malnutrition in CKD patients due to the tremendous influence of
inflammation, uremia, and catabolism on nutrition status.
calcium - Answer-Intake of which of the following does NOT usually need to be
decreased in the nutrition therapy of those with renal disease?
Consume liquids such as juices, shakes, and soft foods. - Answer-EC is a 62 YO male
who was recently diagnosed with esophageal cancer and more recently with
odynophagia (painful swallowing) and poor appetite and intake. You received a referral
to help him improve his nutritional status. Which of the following suggestions is the most
appropriate?
true - Answer-Some of the goals of nutrition therapy in cancer include: Prevent or
reverse nutrient deficiencies, preserve lean body mass, help patients better tolerate
treatments, minimize nutrition-related side effects and complications, and maximize the
quality of life.
constipation - Answer-Which side effect is frequently seen when narcotics are used in
cancer management?
megace - Answer-An example of an appetite stimulant is:
, true - Answer-Health "claim":
Make a direct linkage between ingredient and disease or health-related condition and
requires substantial clinicalstudy data to back up the claim.
true - Answer-Structure-function "claim":
Claim limited to promotion or maintenance of healthy structure or function and cannot
make reference to a disease or health condition.
dysphagia
mucositis
xerostomia - Answer-Some acute side effects of radiation therapy in head and neck
areas include:
Increased need for energy due to increased work of breathing - Answer-What is the
effect of severe pulmonary disease on a patient's energy requirements?
Acute respiratory distress syndrome - Answer-What pulmonary condition may be a
severe complication of critical illness?
calories - Answer-Which of the following in excess contributes the most to carbon
dioxide retention?
to prevent aspiration - Answer-Name a reason why a patient's head of bed should be
elevated while receiving enteral feeding.
true - Answer-In COVID-19:
During the acute phase, feeding should be initiated with low dose EN (hypocaloric),
advanced the full dose EN slowly over the first week of critical illness to meet energy
goal of 15-20 kcal/kg ABW (which should be 70-80% of calorie requirements) and
protein goal of 1.2-2.0gm/kg ABW/day.
A fiber free formula may be better tolerated. - Answer-In Covid-19:
A standard high protein (>=20% protein) polymeric isosmotic enteral formula should be
used in the early acute phase on critical illness. As the patient's status improves and
vasopressors requirements abate, addition of fiber should be considered.
If there is a significant GI dysfunction:
10-25 - Answer-In Covid-19:
Keep HOB elevated (reverse Trendelenburg) to at least ___________________
degrees with gastric feeding.
