HESI BIOLOGY FINAL STUDY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2025 GRADED A+
✔✔which of the following produces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and
flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2) for the electron transport chain during cellular
respiration?
a) glycolysis
b) citric acid cycle (kerbs cycle)
c) electron transport chain
d) none of these - ✔✔b (citric acid cycle-kerbs cycle)
✔✔which of the following occurs during mitosis?
a) DNA chromosomes are split in half and passed to a new cell
b) the cell walls dissolve, allowing the nucleus to pass into another cell
c) a stem cell is given instructions on what type of cell to become
d) DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells - ✔✔d (DNA is
duplicated and distributed between two daughter cells)
✔✔which of the following processes is enabled by meiosis?
a) growth
b) reproduction
c) differentiation
d) tissue repair - ✔✔b (reproduction)
✔✔if a homoozygous dominant (RR) organism is crossed with a heterozygous organism
(Rr), what is the likelihood or producing a heterzygous organism?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100% - ✔✔b (50%; by using a punnett square, we can see that matching a
homozygous dominant--RR-- with a heterozygous--Rr-- will produce four possible
outcomes--RR, RR, Rr, Rr; thus, giving it a 50% chance to be Rr)
✔✔asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from:
a) two identical cells
b) a single cell
c) two cells
d) four daughter cells - ✔✔b (a single cell)
✔✔which of the following is true if a molecule has cohesion?
,a) the molecules has the ability to form hydrogen bonds
b) the molecule has the ability to bond to or attract other molecules or substances
c) the molecule has the ability to increase its heat when necessary
d) the molecule has the ability to stay bonded or attracted to another molecule of the
same substance - ✔✔d (the molecule has the ability to stay bonded or attracted to
another molecule of the same substance)
✔✔what is the process used by most bacteria to perform asexual reproduction?
a) interphase
b) meiosis
c) mitosis
d) binary fission - ✔✔d (binary fission)
✔✔which the following options correctly lists the five stages of mitosis in order from
beginning to end?
a) prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b) metaphase, anaphase, prophase, prometaphase, telophase
c) metaphase, telophase, anaphase, prometaphase
d) prophase, preometaphase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase - ✔✔a (prophase,
prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
✔✔what is the science of biological classification commonly called?
a) botany
b) physiology
c) zoology
d) taxonomy - ✔✔d (taxonomy)
✔✔in a cell, reactions take place in a series of steps called:
a) glycolysis
b) binary fission
c) metabolic pathways
d) cytokinesis - ✔✔c (metabolic pathways)
✔✔which of the following is not true of mitosis:
a) mitosis produces daughter cells
b) mitosis has five main stages
c) mitosis can only be done by haploids
d) following mitosis, daughter cells are identical to parent cells - ✔✔c (mitosis can only
be done by haploid; both diploids and haploids can undergo mitosis)
,✔✔In meiosis, the chromosome number is reduced from:
a) 46 to 23
b) 46 to 33
c) 28 to 14
d) 24 to 12 - ✔✔a (46 to 23)
✔✔Which of the following is the term used to represent two alleles that are the same
type?
a) homosynchronous
b) hetersynchronous
c) heterozygous
d) homozygous - ✔✔d (homozygous)
✔✔Yy, Yy, yy, yy
The Punnett square shows that one parent carries the recessive gene for a cleft chin (y)
while the other parent does not. What percentage of the parents' offspring is predicted
to have a cleft chin?
a) 25 %
b) 50 %
c) 0 %
d) 75 % - ✔✔b (50%)
✔✔Which two items react during photosynthesis?
a) glucose and water
b) carbon dioxide and water
c) carbon dioxide and oxygen
d) glucose and oxygen - ✔✔b (carbon dioxide and water)
✔✔The first step of the scientific method is to do which of the following?
a) conduct an experiment
b) form a hypothesis
c) draw a conclusion
d) make an observation - ✔✔d (make an observation)
✔✔Which of the following options identifies the products of cell respiration?
a) water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen
b) glucose and oxygen
, c) water, carbon dioxide, and adenosine tripnosine triphosphaste (ATP)
d) water, glucose, and oxygen - ✔✔c (water, carbon dioxide, and adenosine tripnosine
triphosphate (ATP))
✔✔Which of the following statements is false in regards to fatty acids?
a) fatty acids are nucleic acids
b) saturated fats contain no double bond
c) unsaturated fats have one or more double bond
d) saturated fats are solid - ✔✔a (fatty acids are nucleic acids)
✔✔How many daughter cells result from the meiosis process?
a) 8
b) 4
c) 1
d) 2 - ✔✔b (4)
✔✔What type of individuals have two different alleles, such as Aa?
a) genotype
b) phenotype
c) heterozygous
d) homozygous - ✔✔c (heterzygous)
✔✔Which of the following is an organelle that is found in plants and is the site of
photosynthesis?
a) cell membranes
b) chloroplasts
c) mitchondria
d) ribosomes - ✔✔b (chloroplasts)
✔✔Which stage of mitosis is occurring when the nuclear envelope begins to disappear
and the chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle that is forming along the axis of the
cell?
a) prometaphase
b) metaphase
c) anaphase
d) prophase - ✔✔a (prometaphase)
✔✔The chemical reactions in metabolism are catalyzed by which of the following?
a) the use of organisms
ANSWERS 2025 GRADED A+
✔✔which of the following produces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and
flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2) for the electron transport chain during cellular
respiration?
a) glycolysis
b) citric acid cycle (kerbs cycle)
c) electron transport chain
d) none of these - ✔✔b (citric acid cycle-kerbs cycle)
✔✔which of the following occurs during mitosis?
a) DNA chromosomes are split in half and passed to a new cell
b) the cell walls dissolve, allowing the nucleus to pass into another cell
c) a stem cell is given instructions on what type of cell to become
d) DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells - ✔✔d (DNA is
duplicated and distributed between two daughter cells)
✔✔which of the following processes is enabled by meiosis?
a) growth
b) reproduction
c) differentiation
d) tissue repair - ✔✔b (reproduction)
✔✔if a homoozygous dominant (RR) organism is crossed with a heterozygous organism
(Rr), what is the likelihood or producing a heterzygous organism?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100% - ✔✔b (50%; by using a punnett square, we can see that matching a
homozygous dominant--RR-- with a heterozygous--Rr-- will produce four possible
outcomes--RR, RR, Rr, Rr; thus, giving it a 50% chance to be Rr)
✔✔asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from:
a) two identical cells
b) a single cell
c) two cells
d) four daughter cells - ✔✔b (a single cell)
✔✔which of the following is true if a molecule has cohesion?
,a) the molecules has the ability to form hydrogen bonds
b) the molecule has the ability to bond to or attract other molecules or substances
c) the molecule has the ability to increase its heat when necessary
d) the molecule has the ability to stay bonded or attracted to another molecule of the
same substance - ✔✔d (the molecule has the ability to stay bonded or attracted to
another molecule of the same substance)
✔✔what is the process used by most bacteria to perform asexual reproduction?
a) interphase
b) meiosis
c) mitosis
d) binary fission - ✔✔d (binary fission)
✔✔which the following options correctly lists the five stages of mitosis in order from
beginning to end?
a) prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b) metaphase, anaphase, prophase, prometaphase, telophase
c) metaphase, telophase, anaphase, prometaphase
d) prophase, preometaphase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase - ✔✔a (prophase,
prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
✔✔what is the science of biological classification commonly called?
a) botany
b) physiology
c) zoology
d) taxonomy - ✔✔d (taxonomy)
✔✔in a cell, reactions take place in a series of steps called:
a) glycolysis
b) binary fission
c) metabolic pathways
d) cytokinesis - ✔✔c (metabolic pathways)
✔✔which of the following is not true of mitosis:
a) mitosis produces daughter cells
b) mitosis has five main stages
c) mitosis can only be done by haploids
d) following mitosis, daughter cells are identical to parent cells - ✔✔c (mitosis can only
be done by haploid; both diploids and haploids can undergo mitosis)
,✔✔In meiosis, the chromosome number is reduced from:
a) 46 to 23
b) 46 to 33
c) 28 to 14
d) 24 to 12 - ✔✔a (46 to 23)
✔✔Which of the following is the term used to represent two alleles that are the same
type?
a) homosynchronous
b) hetersynchronous
c) heterozygous
d) homozygous - ✔✔d (homozygous)
✔✔Yy, Yy, yy, yy
The Punnett square shows that one parent carries the recessive gene for a cleft chin (y)
while the other parent does not. What percentage of the parents' offspring is predicted
to have a cleft chin?
a) 25 %
b) 50 %
c) 0 %
d) 75 % - ✔✔b (50%)
✔✔Which two items react during photosynthesis?
a) glucose and water
b) carbon dioxide and water
c) carbon dioxide and oxygen
d) glucose and oxygen - ✔✔b (carbon dioxide and water)
✔✔The first step of the scientific method is to do which of the following?
a) conduct an experiment
b) form a hypothesis
c) draw a conclusion
d) make an observation - ✔✔d (make an observation)
✔✔Which of the following options identifies the products of cell respiration?
a) water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen
b) glucose and oxygen
, c) water, carbon dioxide, and adenosine tripnosine triphosphaste (ATP)
d) water, glucose, and oxygen - ✔✔c (water, carbon dioxide, and adenosine tripnosine
triphosphate (ATP))
✔✔Which of the following statements is false in regards to fatty acids?
a) fatty acids are nucleic acids
b) saturated fats contain no double bond
c) unsaturated fats have one or more double bond
d) saturated fats are solid - ✔✔a (fatty acids are nucleic acids)
✔✔How many daughter cells result from the meiosis process?
a) 8
b) 4
c) 1
d) 2 - ✔✔b (4)
✔✔What type of individuals have two different alleles, such as Aa?
a) genotype
b) phenotype
c) heterozygous
d) homozygous - ✔✔c (heterzygous)
✔✔Which of the following is an organelle that is found in plants and is the site of
photosynthesis?
a) cell membranes
b) chloroplasts
c) mitchondria
d) ribosomes - ✔✔b (chloroplasts)
✔✔Which stage of mitosis is occurring when the nuclear envelope begins to disappear
and the chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle that is forming along the axis of the
cell?
a) prometaphase
b) metaphase
c) anaphase
d) prophase - ✔✔a (prometaphase)
✔✔The chemical reactions in metabolism are catalyzed by which of the following?
a) the use of organisms
