1|Page
NUR 810 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK| COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
When is the most common time to get a shunt infection? - ANSWER -
In the first few months after placement or after a revision
When is the most common time to experience shunt malfunction? -
ANSWER - More common later on
When should you evaluate a shunt? - ANSWER - When the H&P
suggests malfunction or infection
Diagnostics with shunt malfunction - ANSWER - -Pumping of reservoir
(risk for obstruction and not commonly performed)
-Shunt series (Series of x-rays that follow the course of the shunt from
the skull to the distal end looking for dislodgment)
-CT or MRI to look at ventricle size (most common)
Diagnostics for shunt infection - ANSWER - -Testing of fluid from the
shunt
-Watch for pleocytosis on CSF fluid
-CSF sent for cell count, glucose, protein, gram stain
-Blood cultures
pg. 1
,2|Page
What would indicate a probable shunt infection in regard to your WBCs
in CSF? - ANSWER - -If you have pleocytosis of > 50 on your cell
count and you have isolation of bacteria with at least 1 S/S of shunt
infection, this is enough for dx
-If there is > 100 on your cell count, then there is a 96% specificity for
infection
How do you treat a shunt infection? - ANSWER - Empiric coverage
with Vanco and cefepime OR Vanco and meropenem
Management of shunt infection - ANSWER - ABX
Repeat CSF culture until negative
Consider shunt removal and temporary external ventricular device until
they have negative cultures
How many different patterns of pneumonia are there and what are they?
- ANSWER - 5 but she highlights 4
Lobar
Bronchopneumonia
Necrotizing
Interstitial and peribronchilar
What pattern is lobar pneumonia and what is the most common cause? -
ANSWER - Involvement of a single lobe or segment
Most common type
pg. 2
,3|Page
If not separated by age, it is most commonly caused by strep pneumo
What pattern is bronchopneumonia and what is the most common cause?
- ANSWER - Involvement of the smaller airways surrounding the
interstitium
Strep pyogenes and staph aureus
Necrotizing pneumonia - ANSWER - Secondary to staph or strep
infection
Interstitial and peribronchiolar - ANSWER - Atypical bacteria
(mycoplasma)
Viral
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
neonates (0-4 weeks)? - ANSWER - Group B strep
E.coli
Staph aureus
HSV
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in infants
(1 mos to 1 year)? - ANSWER - Chlamydia
Pertussis
Viral (RSV, influenza, metapneumovirus)
Strep pneumo
pg. 3
, 4|Page
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
children (3 mos to 5 years)? - ANSWER - RSV/viral
Strep pneumo
Mycoplasma
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
children > 5 y/o? - ANSWER - Mycoplasma (most common)
Strep pneumo (second most common)
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
immunocompromised pts? - ANSWER - Staph aureus
Gram negative bacilli
Aspergillus
CMV
HSV
What is first line treatment for fully immunized pts with pneumonia? -
ANSWER - Amoxicillin
What is treatment in school age to adolescent age pts with pneumonia? -
ANSWER - Macrolide if you suspect an atypical cause
What is first line IV abx treatment for pneumonia in children who are
fully immunized? - ANSWER - Ampicillin or Pen G
pg. 4
NUR 810 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK| COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
When is the most common time to get a shunt infection? - ANSWER -
In the first few months after placement or after a revision
When is the most common time to experience shunt malfunction? -
ANSWER - More common later on
When should you evaluate a shunt? - ANSWER - When the H&P
suggests malfunction or infection
Diagnostics with shunt malfunction - ANSWER - -Pumping of reservoir
(risk for obstruction and not commonly performed)
-Shunt series (Series of x-rays that follow the course of the shunt from
the skull to the distal end looking for dislodgment)
-CT or MRI to look at ventricle size (most common)
Diagnostics for shunt infection - ANSWER - -Testing of fluid from the
shunt
-Watch for pleocytosis on CSF fluid
-CSF sent for cell count, glucose, protein, gram stain
-Blood cultures
pg. 1
,2|Page
What would indicate a probable shunt infection in regard to your WBCs
in CSF? - ANSWER - -If you have pleocytosis of > 50 on your cell
count and you have isolation of bacteria with at least 1 S/S of shunt
infection, this is enough for dx
-If there is > 100 on your cell count, then there is a 96% specificity for
infection
How do you treat a shunt infection? - ANSWER - Empiric coverage
with Vanco and cefepime OR Vanco and meropenem
Management of shunt infection - ANSWER - ABX
Repeat CSF culture until negative
Consider shunt removal and temporary external ventricular device until
they have negative cultures
How many different patterns of pneumonia are there and what are they?
- ANSWER - 5 but she highlights 4
Lobar
Bronchopneumonia
Necrotizing
Interstitial and peribronchilar
What pattern is lobar pneumonia and what is the most common cause? -
ANSWER - Involvement of a single lobe or segment
Most common type
pg. 2
,3|Page
If not separated by age, it is most commonly caused by strep pneumo
What pattern is bronchopneumonia and what is the most common cause?
- ANSWER - Involvement of the smaller airways surrounding the
interstitium
Strep pyogenes and staph aureus
Necrotizing pneumonia - ANSWER - Secondary to staph or strep
infection
Interstitial and peribronchiolar - ANSWER - Atypical bacteria
(mycoplasma)
Viral
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
neonates (0-4 weeks)? - ANSWER - Group B strep
E.coli
Staph aureus
HSV
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in infants
(1 mos to 1 year)? - ANSWER - Chlamydia
Pertussis
Viral (RSV, influenza, metapneumovirus)
Strep pneumo
pg. 3
, 4|Page
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
children (3 mos to 5 years)? - ANSWER - RSV/viral
Strep pneumo
Mycoplasma
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
children > 5 y/o? - ANSWER - Mycoplasma (most common)
Strep pneumo (second most common)
What are the most common pathogens that lead to pneumonia in
immunocompromised pts? - ANSWER - Staph aureus
Gram negative bacilli
Aspergillus
CMV
HSV
What is first line treatment for fully immunized pts with pneumonia? -
ANSWER - Amoxicillin
What is treatment in school age to adolescent age pts with pneumonia? -
ANSWER - Macrolide if you suspect an atypical cause
What is first line IV abx treatment for pneumonia in children who are
fully immunized? - ANSWER - Ampicillin or Pen G
pg. 4
