BIO 431 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
T lymphocytes - Answer-main soldiers in immune system defense of the body against
microbial invaders
Diapedisis is a process in which - Answer-a. Neutrophils migrate from the bloodstream
to an injured tissue site.
Thrombopoietin - Answer-hormone from liver stimulates platelet formation and develop
into megakaryoblasts
Response to a damaged blood vessel - Answer-vascular spasm, platelet plug, blood
clotting
maternal antibodies attack fetal blood cells during second pregnancy - Answer-mom is
Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive+
Prostacyclin - Answer-inhibits blood clotting and vasoconstriction and platelet release
Isoantigens - Answer-genetically determined blood group antigens on RBCs
Agglutinogens - Answer-antigens on the surface of the RBC that is the basis for blood
typing
which precursor cells give rise to granular leukocytes? - Answer-myeloblast
which precursor cells give rise to agranular leukocytes? - Answer-lymphoblast
serum - Answer-plasma without clotting factors
megaloblastic anemia - Answer-a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the
red blood cells are larger than normal. caused by inadequate B12 or folic acid intake
Anemia - Answer-A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, or in total volume.
Characteristics of erythrocytes - Answer--biconcave discs
-1/3 of volume is hemoglobin
-able to readily squeeze through capillaries
-lack nuclei and mitochondria
Characteristics of platelets - Answer-flat, no nucleus
, Rh blood group - Answer-Category of blood type. Rh is positive, without it is negative
Mediastinum - Answer-area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae
cavae, esophagus, and trachea
Pericardium - Answer-Membrane surrounding the heart
pericardial fluid - Answer-serous fluid between parietal & visceral pericardium
layers of pericardium - Answer-(outer) fibrous and (inner) serous
serous pericardium - Answer-composed of a parietal layer and a visceral layer
systemic circulation - Answer-circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the
lungs (left side of the heart)
pulmonary circulation - Answer-flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the
heart (right side of the heart)
coronary arteries - Answer-the two arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the heart
muscle
coronary veins - Answer-brings deoxygenated blood to the heart
authorhythmic cells - Answer-Part of the conducting system and spontaneously
generate action potentials
sinoatrial node - Answer-A small mass of tissue that is made up of Purkinje fibers,
ganglion cells, and nerve fibers, that is embedded in the musculature of the right atrium,
and that originates the impulses stimulating the heartbeat -- called also S-A node, sinus
node.
atrioventricular node - Answer-A specialized mass of conducting cells located at the
atrioventricular junction in the heart.
Systole - Answer-Contraction of the heart
Diastole - Answer-Relaxation of the heart
S1 (lub) - Answer-closure of AV valves
S2 (dub) - Answer-closure of semilunar valves
S3 heart sound - Answer-Increased ventricular filling pressure
S4 heart sound - Answer-atrial systole
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
T lymphocytes - Answer-main soldiers in immune system defense of the body against
microbial invaders
Diapedisis is a process in which - Answer-a. Neutrophils migrate from the bloodstream
to an injured tissue site.
Thrombopoietin - Answer-hormone from liver stimulates platelet formation and develop
into megakaryoblasts
Response to a damaged blood vessel - Answer-vascular spasm, platelet plug, blood
clotting
maternal antibodies attack fetal blood cells during second pregnancy - Answer-mom is
Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive+
Prostacyclin - Answer-inhibits blood clotting and vasoconstriction and platelet release
Isoantigens - Answer-genetically determined blood group antigens on RBCs
Agglutinogens - Answer-antigens on the surface of the RBC that is the basis for blood
typing
which precursor cells give rise to granular leukocytes? - Answer-myeloblast
which precursor cells give rise to agranular leukocytes? - Answer-lymphoblast
serum - Answer-plasma without clotting factors
megaloblastic anemia - Answer-a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the
red blood cells are larger than normal. caused by inadequate B12 or folic acid intake
Anemia - Answer-A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, or in total volume.
Characteristics of erythrocytes - Answer--biconcave discs
-1/3 of volume is hemoglobin
-able to readily squeeze through capillaries
-lack nuclei and mitochondria
Characteristics of platelets - Answer-flat, no nucleus
, Rh blood group - Answer-Category of blood type. Rh is positive, without it is negative
Mediastinum - Answer-area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae
cavae, esophagus, and trachea
Pericardium - Answer-Membrane surrounding the heart
pericardial fluid - Answer-serous fluid between parietal & visceral pericardium
layers of pericardium - Answer-(outer) fibrous and (inner) serous
serous pericardium - Answer-composed of a parietal layer and a visceral layer
systemic circulation - Answer-circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the
lungs (left side of the heart)
pulmonary circulation - Answer-flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the
heart (right side of the heart)
coronary arteries - Answer-the two arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the heart
muscle
coronary veins - Answer-brings deoxygenated blood to the heart
authorhythmic cells - Answer-Part of the conducting system and spontaneously
generate action potentials
sinoatrial node - Answer-A small mass of tissue that is made up of Purkinje fibers,
ganglion cells, and nerve fibers, that is embedded in the musculature of the right atrium,
and that originates the impulses stimulating the heartbeat -- called also S-A node, sinus
node.
atrioventricular node - Answer-A specialized mass of conducting cells located at the
atrioventricular junction in the heart.
Systole - Answer-Contraction of the heart
Diastole - Answer-Relaxation of the heart
S1 (lub) - Answer-closure of AV valves
S2 (dub) - Answer-closure of semilunar valves
S3 heart sound - Answer-Increased ventricular filling pressure
S4 heart sound - Answer-atrial systole
