MICR 431 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Antiport - Answer-In this transport process, one solute is transported in one direction
while, simultaneously, another solute is transported in the opposite direction
Cytoplasmic Membrane - Answer-this is the part of the bacterial cell that generates
energy
ATPase - Answer-this energy synthesizing enzyme is found in the cytoplasmic
membrane of bacterial cells
pH gradient
protons
hydroxyl ions - Answer-The Electron Transport System operates by creating a
___________________ across the membrane due to an accumulation of ___________
outside and __________ inside.
proton motive force (PMF) - Answer-the charge on a bacterial cell membrane
established by the operation of the Electron Transport System (ETS)
Bacteria and Archaea - Answer-Which two domains of life share mostly common
metabolic pathways?
Bacteria and Eukarya - Answer-Which two domains of life share have common genes
involved in genetic expression?
Gram-positive bacteria - Answer-With regard to prokaryotes, Archaea and what type of
Bacteria have similar cell structures?
16s rRNA
sequences from distantly related bacterial lineages are shown to have similar
functionalities - Answer-What type of ribosomal RNA is useful for determining
phylogeny?
16S rRNA gene - Answer-16s rRNA is the component of 30s small subunit of the
prokaryotic ribosome that binds to the SHINE-DALAGARNO sequence. The genes are
used in phylogeny reconstruction because of the slow rates of evolution of this region of
the gene.
Gram-negative bacteria - Answer-Which of the two types of bacteria possess both an
outer and inner membrane which house its peptidoglycan layer?
1. O-polysaccharide
ANSWERS
Antiport - Answer-In this transport process, one solute is transported in one direction
while, simultaneously, another solute is transported in the opposite direction
Cytoplasmic Membrane - Answer-this is the part of the bacterial cell that generates
energy
ATPase - Answer-this energy synthesizing enzyme is found in the cytoplasmic
membrane of bacterial cells
pH gradient
protons
hydroxyl ions - Answer-The Electron Transport System operates by creating a
___________________ across the membrane due to an accumulation of ___________
outside and __________ inside.
proton motive force (PMF) - Answer-the charge on a bacterial cell membrane
established by the operation of the Electron Transport System (ETS)
Bacteria and Archaea - Answer-Which two domains of life share mostly common
metabolic pathways?
Bacteria and Eukarya - Answer-Which two domains of life share have common genes
involved in genetic expression?
Gram-positive bacteria - Answer-With regard to prokaryotes, Archaea and what type of
Bacteria have similar cell structures?
16s rRNA
sequences from distantly related bacterial lineages are shown to have similar
functionalities - Answer-What type of ribosomal RNA is useful for determining
phylogeny?
16S rRNA gene - Answer-16s rRNA is the component of 30s small subunit of the
prokaryotic ribosome that binds to the SHINE-DALAGARNO sequence. The genes are
used in phylogeny reconstruction because of the slow rates of evolution of this region of
the gene.
Gram-negative bacteria - Answer-Which of the two types of bacteria possess both an
outer and inner membrane which house its peptidoglycan layer?
1. O-polysaccharide
