©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:04PM.
MDC4 Exam 1 Questions And Answers 2025
Update.
What is the most common type of dementia? - Answer✔Alzheimer's disease
Is Alzheimer's reversible? - Answer✔No
What is the etiology of Alzheimer's? - Answer✔Unknown
Alzheimer's is the result of? - Answer✔changes in personality, memory, and/or judgement
What are risk factors for Alzheimer's? - Answer✔* 65+ years
* female
* head injury
* APOE gene
what is the patho of Alzheimer's - Answer✔plaques, tangles, degeneration of neurons
How is Alzheimer's diagnosed? - Answer✔biopsy at autopsy is the only definitive way but
dementia can be ruled out with CT, labs, UA, and MRI
Early s/s of Alzheimer's Disease - Answer✔- decreased short term memory
- decreased sense of smell
- misplaced items
Middle s/s of Alzheimer's Disease - Answer✔- wander
- agitated
- incontinent
- money issues
late s/s of Alzheimer's disease - Answer✔- bed ridden
- agnosia (inability to recognize objects, people, or sounds)
Medications used for Alzheimer's - Answer✔Cholinesterase inhibitors
1
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:04PM.
- slow breakdown of Ach
- Donepezil and Rivastigimine
NMDA receptor antagonists
- block excess amounts of glutamate
- Memantine
Nursing care for Alzheimer's - Answer✔- safe environment (#1) good lighting, no clutter
- stick with a routine
- offer walks, exercise
- reduce distractions
- avoid use of restraints
What is Parkinson's Disease - Answer✔Movement disorder caused by the death of cells that
generate dopamine in the basal ganglia and substantial nigra.
Low levels of dopamine and high levels of Ach
How does Parkinson's progress? - Answer✔slowly, but will eventually lead to disability
How is parkinson's diagnosed - Answer✔history and s/s
s/s of parkinsons - Answer✔- tremors
- muscle rigidity
- mak like facial expression
- bradykinesia
- shuffling gait
- cogwheel rigidity in limbs
- propulsive gait (head and neck forward, back is slouched)
nursing care for parkinson's - Answer✔- safe environment
- sit up when eating, thick liquids
- encourage ROM and exercise
Medication for Parkinson's - Answer✔- Sinemet
2
MDC4 Exam 1 Questions And Answers 2025
Update.
What is the most common type of dementia? - Answer✔Alzheimer's disease
Is Alzheimer's reversible? - Answer✔No
What is the etiology of Alzheimer's? - Answer✔Unknown
Alzheimer's is the result of? - Answer✔changes in personality, memory, and/or judgement
What are risk factors for Alzheimer's? - Answer✔* 65+ years
* female
* head injury
* APOE gene
what is the patho of Alzheimer's - Answer✔plaques, tangles, degeneration of neurons
How is Alzheimer's diagnosed? - Answer✔biopsy at autopsy is the only definitive way but
dementia can be ruled out with CT, labs, UA, and MRI
Early s/s of Alzheimer's Disease - Answer✔- decreased short term memory
- decreased sense of smell
- misplaced items
Middle s/s of Alzheimer's Disease - Answer✔- wander
- agitated
- incontinent
- money issues
late s/s of Alzheimer's disease - Answer✔- bed ridden
- agnosia (inability to recognize objects, people, or sounds)
Medications used for Alzheimer's - Answer✔Cholinesterase inhibitors
1
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 11:04PM.
- slow breakdown of Ach
- Donepezil and Rivastigimine
NMDA receptor antagonists
- block excess amounts of glutamate
- Memantine
Nursing care for Alzheimer's - Answer✔- safe environment (#1) good lighting, no clutter
- stick with a routine
- offer walks, exercise
- reduce distractions
- avoid use of restraints
What is Parkinson's Disease - Answer✔Movement disorder caused by the death of cells that
generate dopamine in the basal ganglia and substantial nigra.
Low levels of dopamine and high levels of Ach
How does Parkinson's progress? - Answer✔slowly, but will eventually lead to disability
How is parkinson's diagnosed - Answer✔history and s/s
s/s of parkinsons - Answer✔- tremors
- muscle rigidity
- mak like facial expression
- bradykinesia
- shuffling gait
- cogwheel rigidity in limbs
- propulsive gait (head and neck forward, back is slouched)
nursing care for parkinson's - Answer✔- safe environment
- sit up when eating, thick liquids
- encourage ROM and exercise
Medication for Parkinson's - Answer✔- Sinemet
2
