NINJA PRITE MOST ASKED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!!!

26 yo w/HA and R-hand clumsiness for weeks. Exam shows difficutty w/rapid alternating movements of hand, overt intention tremor on finger-to-nose, and mildly dysmetric finger tamping. CNS intact and no papilledema. Where will damage show on MRI? - ANSWER CEREBELLUM 78 yo pt had an ischemic stroke that left him with a residual mild hemiplegia. Pt appeared to be unaware that there was a problem of weakness on one side of this body. When asked to raise the weak arm, the patient raised his normal arm. When the failure to raise the paralyzed arm was pointed out to pt, he admitted that the arm was slightly weak. He also neglects the side of the body when dressing and grooming. Pt did not shave one side of his face, had difficulty putting a shirt on when it was turned inside out. Area of the brain likely affected by stroke? - ANSWER RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE Adult neurogenesis happens in which area of the brain? - ANSWER HIPPOCAMPUS Previously pleasant mom becomes profane and irresponsible over 6 months. Most likely a pathology in: - ANSWER FRONTAL LOBE In addiction, dopaminergic neurons project to nucleus accumbens. Cell bodies of these neurons reside in which area of the brain? - ANSWER VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA Orexin is made in what part of the brain? - ANSWER LATERAL HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEI Which dopaminergic pathway includes the nucleus accumbens and also mediates addiction and associated behaviors/ reinforcing? - ANSWER MESOLIMBIC Neural plasticity is largely mediated through the capacity to rapidly change in number and morphology of what cell structure? - ANSWER DENDRITIC SPINES Which cell type secretes innate pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF - alpha and Il -1 B in pts with inflammatory conditions that affect the brain? - ANSWER MICROGLIA Decreased level of what NT is most associated with depressed mood, poor sleep, and poor impulse control, and affective aggression? - ANSWER SEROTONIN Visual problem in pituitary tumor compressing optic chiasm: - ANSWER BITEMPORAL HEMIANOPSIA Unsteady gait, appendicular ataxia in LE only and normal eye movement. Walks with lurching broad-based gait. Dx? - ANSWER CEREBELLAR DEGENERATION (ALCOHOLIC) 66 yo c/o frequent falls, several-month hx of anxiety, unwillingness to leave home. On exam, mild impairment of vertical gaze on smooth pursuit/saccades, mild axial rigidity & minimal rigidity of upper extremities, along w/ mild slowness of movement on finger tapping, hand opening & wrist opposition. Posture nml. Gait tentative/awkward, but w/o shuffling, ataxia, tremor. Pt is slow in arising from a chair. Most likely dx: - ANSWER PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY