answers 2025
Calcitriol .- .ANS✓✓-the .active .form .of .vitamin .D .which .is .converted .in .the
.kidneys.
-it .helps .with .the .absorption .if .Ca
podocytes .- .ANS✓✓-cells .in .the .Bowman's .capsule .in .the .kidneys .that .wrap
.around .capillaries .of .the .glomeruli .and .have .slits .that .blood .is .filtered .through
JGA .(juxtaglomerular .apparatus) .- .ANS✓✓-collection .of .cells .consisting .of
.juxtaglomerular .cells, .macula .dense, .and .the .mesangial .cells
juxtaglomerular .cells .- .ANS✓✓-cells .that .monitor .renal .pressure .and .help
.maintain .a .normal .GFR .through .the .release .of .renin.
release .of .renin .- .ANS✓✓-what .helps .increase .GFR .by .the .release .of
.angiotensin .II .which .constricts .the .efferent .arterial .thereby .increasing .pressure
.of .the .glomerulus
ace .inhibitors .- .ANS✓✓-what .med .blocks .the .action .of .angiotensin .II .on .the
.efferent .arterioles=renal .protection .in .diabetics
Calcium .stones .- .ANS✓✓-most .common .stone.
caused .by .hyperparathyroidism=increased .osteoblast .activity .which .break .down
.bone.
struvite .stones .- .ANS✓✓-stone .made .up .of .magnesium, .ammonium, .and
.phosphate .salts
d/t .chronic .UTIs .with .urease .producing .bacteria=proteus .& .pseudomonas.
Uric .acid .stones .- .ANS✓✓-stones .caused .by .the .breakdown .of .purine. .D/T
.excess .purine .intake .or .person .with .gout.
Cystine .stones .- .ANS✓✓-least .common .stone .and .most .common .occur .in
.children