NURS .5315 .Final
1. A .patient .in .respiratory A .patient .who .is .breathing .33 .breaths .per .minute .is
.distress .and .is .breathing .hyperventilating .and .blowing .ott .CO2; .therefore .the .PCO2 .level .will .be
.33 .breaths .per .minute. .low. .The .patient .will .most .likely .experience .a .respiratory .alkalosis
.and .the .two .pH
Which .ABG .value .is .consis- . values .provided .are .not .consistent .with .this .diagnosis.
tent .with .the .clinical .sce-
.nario?
PCO2 .15
pH .7.30
pH .7.45
O2 .sat .100%
2. A .patient .has .a .sodium b. .The .cause .of .neurologic .symptoms .associated .with .a .sodium
.level .of .115 .mEq/L .and .im- .balance .is .directly .related .to .fluid .shifting .into .or .out .of .the
is .disoriented .and .lethar- .neurons . of .the .brain. .With .a .serum .sodium .of .115 .mEq/L, .water
.gic. .Which .pathological .shifts .into .the .neurons .and .causes .them .to .swell. .Hypernatremia
.process .best .explains .this .causes .water .to .shift .out .of .the .cell .into .the .intravascular .space
.patient's .symptoms? .and .causes .the .neurons .to .become .dehydrated. .An .alteration .in .the
.action .potential
a. The .action .potential .has .is .not .seen .with .sodium .imbalances.
become .hyperpolarized.
b. Water .has .shifted .into
.the .neurons .and .caused
.them .to .swell.
c. Water .has .shifted .into
.the .vascular .space .and .de-
.hydrated .the .neurons.
d. The .action .potential .has
.become .hypopolarized.
3. A .patient .experiencing .de- . a. .Serum .osmolality .is .increased .during .times .of .dehydration. .An
.hydration .should .be .moni- . elevated .serum .osmolality .will .pull .potassium .into .the .intravascular
, NURS .5315 .Final
.tored .for .which .electrolyte . space .from .the .intracellular .space .and .cause .a .rise .in .serum .potassi-
imbalance? um.
, NURS .5315 .Final
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypercalcemia
d. Hyponatermia
4. A .married .couple .presents . A.chromosome.is.a.package.of.material.located.inside.the.cell.nucleus
to .your .office .for .genet- which .is .made .of .proteins .and .a .single .molecule .of .DNA. .There
. ic .counseling. .The .hus- .are .23 .pairs .of .chromosomes .in .each .human .cell .for .a .total .of
.band .has .an .autosomal .46 .chromosomes. .Chromosomes .are .separated .into .two .identical
.recessive .disease .and .his .sets .during .mitosis .or .meiosis. .This .provides .a .set .of
.wife .has .a .heterozygous .chromosomes .to .each .daughter .cell .which .results .from .cell
.genotype .for .the .division. .This .process .is .responsible .for .the .transfer .of .genetic
.disease. .They .ask .you, .information .to .the .daughter . cells. .The .first .22 .pairs .of
.What .is .the .chance .that .chromosomes .are .known .as .autosomes.
.our .baby .will .have .the The .23rd .pair .of .chromosomes .is .the .pair .which .contains .the .genetic
.disease? .Which .information .for .gender. .This .pair .contains .the .genetic .information
of .the .following .answers .is . which .delineates .between .the .male .and .female .genders. .Females
correct? have .two .X .chromosomes .(XX) .and .males .have .an .XY .chromosome
.25% .pair. .Autosomal .chromosomes .are .said .to .be .autologous. .This .means
50% .they .do .not .carry .genetic .information .pertaining .to .gender. .Auto-
75% .somal .genetic .diseases .are .carried .on .the .first .22 .pairs .of .chro-
100% .mosomes. .Sex-linked .diseases .are .only .carried .on .the .23rd .pair .of
.chromosomes. .The .autosomal .chromosomes .are .nearly .identical .to
.one .another .and .are .considered .homologous .to .one .another. .Each
.autosomal .chromosome .in .a .pair .carries .identical .genes. .These .two
.genes .are .known .as .alleles. .The .alleles .occupy .the .same .site .on .each
. partner .of .the .chromosome .pair .and .code .for .the .same .genetic
.trait .or .physiologic .function. .Alleles .can .be .dominant .or .recessive.
.One .allele .may .be .dominant .and .the .other .recessive, .or .they .both
.may .be .dominant .or .both .recessive. .The .dominant .alleles' .genetic
.code .will .always .manifest .in .the .individual's .phenotype. .The
.information .in .the .recessive .allele .is .typically .not .expressed .in .the
, NURS .5315 .Final
.phenotype
.unless .both
.alleles .are
.recessive.
.For .the
.purpose .of
.clarity .in
.use, .the
1. A .patient .in .respiratory A .patient .who .is .breathing .33 .breaths .per .minute .is
.distress .and .is .breathing .hyperventilating .and .blowing .ott .CO2; .therefore .the .PCO2 .level .will .be
.33 .breaths .per .minute. .low. .The .patient .will .most .likely .experience .a .respiratory .alkalosis
.and .the .two .pH
Which .ABG .value .is .consis- . values .provided .are .not .consistent .with .this .diagnosis.
tent .with .the .clinical .sce-
.nario?
PCO2 .15
pH .7.30
pH .7.45
O2 .sat .100%
2. A .patient .has .a .sodium b. .The .cause .of .neurologic .symptoms .associated .with .a .sodium
.level .of .115 .mEq/L .and .im- .balance .is .directly .related .to .fluid .shifting .into .or .out .of .the
is .disoriented .and .lethar- .neurons . of .the .brain. .With .a .serum .sodium .of .115 .mEq/L, .water
.gic. .Which .pathological .shifts .into .the .neurons .and .causes .them .to .swell. .Hypernatremia
.process .best .explains .this .causes .water .to .shift .out .of .the .cell .into .the .intravascular .space
.patient's .symptoms? .and .causes .the .neurons .to .become .dehydrated. .An .alteration .in .the
.action .potential
a. The .action .potential .has .is .not .seen .with .sodium .imbalances.
become .hyperpolarized.
b. Water .has .shifted .into
.the .neurons .and .caused
.them .to .swell.
c. Water .has .shifted .into
.the .vascular .space .and .de-
.hydrated .the .neurons.
d. The .action .potential .has
.become .hypopolarized.
3. A .patient .experiencing .de- . a. .Serum .osmolality .is .increased .during .times .of .dehydration. .An
.hydration .should .be .moni- . elevated .serum .osmolality .will .pull .potassium .into .the .intravascular
, NURS .5315 .Final
.tored .for .which .electrolyte . space .from .the .intracellular .space .and .cause .a .rise .in .serum .potassi-
imbalance? um.
, NURS .5315 .Final
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypercalcemia
d. Hyponatermia
4. A .married .couple .presents . A.chromosome.is.a.package.of.material.located.inside.the.cell.nucleus
to .your .office .for .genet- which .is .made .of .proteins .and .a .single .molecule .of .DNA. .There
. ic .counseling. .The .hus- .are .23 .pairs .of .chromosomes .in .each .human .cell .for .a .total .of
.band .has .an .autosomal .46 .chromosomes. .Chromosomes .are .separated .into .two .identical
.recessive .disease .and .his .sets .during .mitosis .or .meiosis. .This .provides .a .set .of
.wife .has .a .heterozygous .chromosomes .to .each .daughter .cell .which .results .from .cell
.genotype .for .the .division. .This .process .is .responsible .for .the .transfer .of .genetic
.disease. .They .ask .you, .information .to .the .daughter . cells. .The .first .22 .pairs .of
.What .is .the .chance .that .chromosomes .are .known .as .autosomes.
.our .baby .will .have .the The .23rd .pair .of .chromosomes .is .the .pair .which .contains .the .genetic
.disease? .Which .information .for .gender. .This .pair .contains .the .genetic .information
of .the .following .answers .is . which .delineates .between .the .male .and .female .genders. .Females
correct? have .two .X .chromosomes .(XX) .and .males .have .an .XY .chromosome
.25% .pair. .Autosomal .chromosomes .are .said .to .be .autologous. .This .means
50% .they .do .not .carry .genetic .information .pertaining .to .gender. .Auto-
75% .somal .genetic .diseases .are .carried .on .the .first .22 .pairs .of .chro-
100% .mosomes. .Sex-linked .diseases .are .only .carried .on .the .23rd .pair .of
.chromosomes. .The .autosomal .chromosomes .are .nearly .identical .to
.one .another .and .are .considered .homologous .to .one .another. .Each
.autosomal .chromosome .in .a .pair .carries .identical .genes. .These .two
.genes .are .known .as .alleles. .The .alleles .occupy .the .same .site .on .each
. partner .of .the .chromosome .pair .and .code .for .the .same .genetic
.trait .or .physiologic .function. .Alleles .can .be .dominant .or .recessive.
.One .allele .may .be .dominant .and .the .other .recessive, .or .they .both
.may .be .dominant .or .both .recessive. .The .dominant .alleles' .genetic
.code .will .always .manifest .in .the .individual's .phenotype. .The
.information .in .the .recessive .allele .is .typically .not .expressed .in .the
, NURS .5315 .Final
.phenotype
.unless .both
.alleles .are
.recessive.
.For .the
.purpose .of
.clarity .in
.use, .the
