C995 APPLIED PROBABILITY AND
STATISTICS EXAM STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
RATED A WESTERN GOVERNORS
UNIVERSITY.
Getting and equation into Slope-Intercept Form
First, make sure the y term is on the left side of the equation.
Put all x 's and constants on the right side of the equation.
Multiply or divide to make the coefficient of y be 1 .
Point-Slope Form
y−y1=m(x−x1) ,
where m is the slope of the line and (x1,y1) are the coordinates of a known
point.
A line has a slope of 5 and passes through the point (3,7) . What is the equation
of the line in slope-intercept form?
To find the equation, we start with the point-slope formula:
y−y1=m(x−x1)
Next, we fill in the information that is known. Remember, m is the slope of the
line and (x1,y1) are the coordinates of a known point (3,7)
y−y1=m(x−x1)y−7=5(x−3)
Finally, we can use algebra to manipulate the equation into slope-intercept
form:
y−7=5(x−3)y−7=5x−15y=5x−8
As you can see, starting with just a point and the slope of a line, we can express
its linear equation in slope-intercept form.
,Direction of Inequalities
Multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative number will cause the direction
of an inequality to reverse.
Quantitative Data
Numerical data, consists of data values that are numerical, representing
quantities that can be counted or measured.
Standard Deviation Rule
A standard proportion or percentage of data points that lie within each
standard deviation away from the mean for a normal distribution.
68% percent of the data will fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean, 95%
of the data will fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean, and 99.7% of the
data will fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean.
Bimodal
Data set with more than one mode
Skewed Right
A skewed distribution with a tail that stretches right, toward the larger values.
The long tail of the curve is on the positive side of the peak.
Measure of Central Tendency
A summary measure that is used to describe an entire set of data with one
value that represents the middle or center of the distribution.
There are 3 main measures: mean, median, or mode.
Skewed Left
A skewed distribution with a tail that stretches left, toward the larger values.
The long tail of the curve is on the negative side of the peak.
, Outlier
An observation point that is distant from other observations
Unimodal
One mode
Five-Number Summary (FNS)
Minimum, 1st quartile, median, 3rd quartile, and maximum
Statistics
the science that deals with the collection, classification, analysis, and
interpretation of numerical facts or data
Interquartile Range (IQR)
The difference, in value, between the bottom and top 25% of the sample or
population. Q3-Q1
Frequency Distribution
A record of the number of times data occurs withing a certain category
Measures of Spread
Measures used to describe the distance of data from the center of the dataset,
such as range and standard deviation
Check Sheet
A structured form or table that allows data to be collected by marking how
often an event has occurred in a certain interval.
Multimodial
Bimodial, A data set that has more than two modes
Qualitative Data
STATISTICS EXAM STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
RATED A WESTERN GOVERNORS
UNIVERSITY.
Getting and equation into Slope-Intercept Form
First, make sure the y term is on the left side of the equation.
Put all x 's and constants on the right side of the equation.
Multiply or divide to make the coefficient of y be 1 .
Point-Slope Form
y−y1=m(x−x1) ,
where m is the slope of the line and (x1,y1) are the coordinates of a known
point.
A line has a slope of 5 and passes through the point (3,7) . What is the equation
of the line in slope-intercept form?
To find the equation, we start with the point-slope formula:
y−y1=m(x−x1)
Next, we fill in the information that is known. Remember, m is the slope of the
line and (x1,y1) are the coordinates of a known point (3,7)
y−y1=m(x−x1)y−7=5(x−3)
Finally, we can use algebra to manipulate the equation into slope-intercept
form:
y−7=5(x−3)y−7=5x−15y=5x−8
As you can see, starting with just a point and the slope of a line, we can express
its linear equation in slope-intercept form.
,Direction of Inequalities
Multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative number will cause the direction
of an inequality to reverse.
Quantitative Data
Numerical data, consists of data values that are numerical, representing
quantities that can be counted or measured.
Standard Deviation Rule
A standard proportion or percentage of data points that lie within each
standard deviation away from the mean for a normal distribution.
68% percent of the data will fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean, 95%
of the data will fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean, and 99.7% of the
data will fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean.
Bimodal
Data set with more than one mode
Skewed Right
A skewed distribution with a tail that stretches right, toward the larger values.
The long tail of the curve is on the positive side of the peak.
Measure of Central Tendency
A summary measure that is used to describe an entire set of data with one
value that represents the middle or center of the distribution.
There are 3 main measures: mean, median, or mode.
Skewed Left
A skewed distribution with a tail that stretches left, toward the larger values.
The long tail of the curve is on the negative side of the peak.
, Outlier
An observation point that is distant from other observations
Unimodal
One mode
Five-Number Summary (FNS)
Minimum, 1st quartile, median, 3rd quartile, and maximum
Statistics
the science that deals with the collection, classification, analysis, and
interpretation of numerical facts or data
Interquartile Range (IQR)
The difference, in value, between the bottom and top 25% of the sample or
population. Q3-Q1
Frequency Distribution
A record of the number of times data occurs withing a certain category
Measures of Spread
Measures used to describe the distance of data from the center of the dataset,
such as range and standard deviation
Check Sheet
A structured form or table that allows data to be collected by marking how
often an event has occurred in a certain interval.
Multimodial
Bimodial, A data set that has more than two modes
Qualitative Data
