ESTUDY
ETS MAJOR FIELD TEST IN BIOLOGY UPDATED EXAM
WITH MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
GRADED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES
**1. How are pyrimidine dimers in DNA caused by UV radiation repaired?**
A) SOS repair
B) Double strand break repair
C) Mismatch repair
D) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
E) Base excision repair
**Answer:** D) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
---
**2. Which repair method uses methyl groups to distinguish between the parent and daughter DNA
strands?**
A) Mismatch repair
B) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
C) SOS repair
D) Double strand break repair
E) Base excision repair
**Answer:** A) Mismatch repair
,ESTUDY
---
**3. Which type of molecule is always present in viruses?**
A) Protein
B) RNA
C) Lipid
D) DNA
E) Carbohydrate
**Answer:** A) Protein
---
**4. A Barr body in the nucleus of a female mammal is an example of what?**
A) Euchromatin
B) Polytene chromosome
C) Pseudogenes
D) Heterochromatin
E) Cistron
**Answer:** D) Heterochromatin
---
,ESTUDY
**5. In vertebrates, what modifies CpG islands in transcription regulatory regions to silence them?**
A) Methylation
B) Ubiquitination
C) Acetylation
D) Phosphorylation
E) Myristoylation
**Answer:** A) Methylation
---
**6. TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a key factor in transcription. What do mutations in TBP affect?**
A) How the mutant TBP works in transcription
B) Whether TBP causes genetic mutations
C) How TBP binds to DNA
D) The shape of the TBP protein
E) The temperature sensitivity of TBP
**Answer:** A) How the mutant TBP works in transcription
---
**7. Some genes in Bacillus subtilis have different -35 sequences compared to other genes. Why is
this?**
A) Transcription is controlled by cAMP
B) Translation requires special ribosomes
, ESTUDY
C) A new sigma factor is used for transcription
D) The -35 sequence binds to a repressor
E) Special DNA polymerase is used
**Answer:** C) A new sigma factor is used for transcription
---
**8. Which of the following repair methods can sometimes cause mutations?**
A) Mismatch repair
B) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
C) Base excision repair
D) SOS repair
**Answer:** D) SOS repair
---
**9. In Drosophila, polytene chromosomes are:**
A) Multiple copies of a single chromosome
B) Produced by repeated DNA replication without nuclear division
C) Produced only after mitosis is complete
D) Not active in transcription
E) Smooth and unchanging
ETS MAJOR FIELD TEST IN BIOLOGY UPDATED EXAM
WITH MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
GRADED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES
**1. How are pyrimidine dimers in DNA caused by UV radiation repaired?**
A) SOS repair
B) Double strand break repair
C) Mismatch repair
D) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
E) Base excision repair
**Answer:** D) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
---
**2. Which repair method uses methyl groups to distinguish between the parent and daughter DNA
strands?**
A) Mismatch repair
B) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
C) SOS repair
D) Double strand break repair
E) Base excision repair
**Answer:** A) Mismatch repair
,ESTUDY
---
**3. Which type of molecule is always present in viruses?**
A) Protein
B) RNA
C) Lipid
D) DNA
E) Carbohydrate
**Answer:** A) Protein
---
**4. A Barr body in the nucleus of a female mammal is an example of what?**
A) Euchromatin
B) Polytene chromosome
C) Pseudogenes
D) Heterochromatin
E) Cistron
**Answer:** D) Heterochromatin
---
,ESTUDY
**5. In vertebrates, what modifies CpG islands in transcription regulatory regions to silence them?**
A) Methylation
B) Ubiquitination
C) Acetylation
D) Phosphorylation
E) Myristoylation
**Answer:** A) Methylation
---
**6. TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a key factor in transcription. What do mutations in TBP affect?**
A) How the mutant TBP works in transcription
B) Whether TBP causes genetic mutations
C) How TBP binds to DNA
D) The shape of the TBP protein
E) The temperature sensitivity of TBP
**Answer:** A) How the mutant TBP works in transcription
---
**7. Some genes in Bacillus subtilis have different -35 sequences compared to other genes. Why is
this?**
A) Transcription is controlled by cAMP
B) Translation requires special ribosomes
, ESTUDY
C) A new sigma factor is used for transcription
D) The -35 sequence binds to a repressor
E) Special DNA polymerase is used
**Answer:** C) A new sigma factor is used for transcription
---
**8. Which of the following repair methods can sometimes cause mutations?**
A) Mismatch repair
B) Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
C) Base excision repair
D) SOS repair
**Answer:** D) SOS repair
---
**9. In Drosophila, polytene chromosomes are:**
A) Multiple copies of a single chromosome
B) Produced by repeated DNA replication without nuclear division
C) Produced only after mitosis is complete
D) Not active in transcription
E) Smooth and unchanging
