1|Page
NUR 445 EXAM 1 LATEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED||ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
What are characteristics of ARDS? - ANSWER-Acute onset,
refractory hypoxemia, and bilateral infiltrates consistent with
pulmonary edema
What are the 3 phases of ARDS? - ANSWER-Exudative phase,
Proliferative phase, Fibrotic phase
What is the exudative phase of ARDS? - ANSWER-24-48 hrs.
post injury
Alveolar and interstitial edema, hypoxemia, hyperventilation,
tachycardia,
pulmonary edema
disruption of the ACM
What is the proliferative phase of ARDS? - ANSWER-Lungs
become stiff and noncompliant, hypercarbia and worsening
hypoxemia, surfactant is compromised, alveoli collapse
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What is the fibrotic phase of ARDS? - ANSWER-Diffuse fibrosis
and scarring, Pulmonary HTN worsens, Decreased BP and CO
What are signs and symptoms of ARDS? - ANSWER-Tachypnea,
tachycardia, hypotension, Crackles, then later atelectasis,
Decreased urine output
How can you diagnosis of ARDS? - ANSWER-Chest x-ray to see
bilateral infiltrates (hallmark sign) 'ground-glass', ABGs, CBC,
blood and urine culture, CMP, coagulation study
What is the treatment of ARDS? - ANSWER-Mechanical
ventilation, ECMO, Prone positioning, ABX → if infection,
Corticosteroids, Fluid management, Diuretics, Adequate nutrition
What is the benefit of prone positioning? - ANSWER-Enhance
lung perfusion, Support alveolar inflation, Improve secretion
clearance
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What are the complications of ARDS? - ANSWER-Renal
failure/multisystem organ-dysfunction, Ventilator associated
events (VAE)
What is the most common cause of thoracic injuries? - ANSWER-
MVCs
What are the two types of chest traumas? - ANSWER-Blunt-force,
Penetrating
What is the most common injury as a result of chest trauma? -
ANSWER-Fractured ribs
What can occur due to these fractured ribs? - ANSWER-Flail
chest
What is the hallmark sign of a flail chest? - ANSWER-
'Paradoxical' chest-wall movement, with each inhalation, the
damaged area moves inward and on exhalation, the section
moves outward
NUR 445 EXAM 1 LATEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED||ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
What are characteristics of ARDS? - ANSWER-Acute onset,
refractory hypoxemia, and bilateral infiltrates consistent with
pulmonary edema
What are the 3 phases of ARDS? - ANSWER-Exudative phase,
Proliferative phase, Fibrotic phase
What is the exudative phase of ARDS? - ANSWER-24-48 hrs.
post injury
Alveolar and interstitial edema, hypoxemia, hyperventilation,
tachycardia,
pulmonary edema
disruption of the ACM
What is the proliferative phase of ARDS? - ANSWER-Lungs
become stiff and noncompliant, hypercarbia and worsening
hypoxemia, surfactant is compromised, alveoli collapse
,2|Page
What is the fibrotic phase of ARDS? - ANSWER-Diffuse fibrosis
and scarring, Pulmonary HTN worsens, Decreased BP and CO
What are signs and symptoms of ARDS? - ANSWER-Tachypnea,
tachycardia, hypotension, Crackles, then later atelectasis,
Decreased urine output
How can you diagnosis of ARDS? - ANSWER-Chest x-ray to see
bilateral infiltrates (hallmark sign) 'ground-glass', ABGs, CBC,
blood and urine culture, CMP, coagulation study
What is the treatment of ARDS? - ANSWER-Mechanical
ventilation, ECMO, Prone positioning, ABX → if infection,
Corticosteroids, Fluid management, Diuretics, Adequate nutrition
What is the benefit of prone positioning? - ANSWER-Enhance
lung perfusion, Support alveolar inflation, Improve secretion
clearance
, 3|Page
What are the complications of ARDS? - ANSWER-Renal
failure/multisystem organ-dysfunction, Ventilator associated
events (VAE)
What is the most common cause of thoracic injuries? - ANSWER-
MVCs
What are the two types of chest traumas? - ANSWER-Blunt-force,
Penetrating
What is the most common injury as a result of chest trauma? -
ANSWER-Fractured ribs
What can occur due to these fractured ribs? - ANSWER-Flail
chest
What is the hallmark sign of a flail chest? - ANSWER-
'Paradoxical' chest-wall movement, with each inhalation, the
damaged area moves inward and on exhalation, the section
moves outward
