WGU C211 Study Guide (2025) ACTUAL EXAM
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Terms in this set (206)
Is the close integration of countries and peoples of
the world which has been brought about by the
enormous reduction of the cost of transportation
Globalization and communication, and the breaking down of
artificial barriers to the flows of goods, services,
capital, knowledge, and (to a lesser extent) people
across borders.
A new force sweeping through the world in recent
times that it is a new phenomenon beginning in the
New view of late 20th century, driven by recent technological
Globalization innovations and a Western ideology focused on
exploiting and dominating the world through a
Multinational enterprises.
A long run historical evolution since the down of
human history. Historians are debating whether
Evolutionary view of
globalization started 2,000 or 8,000 years ago.
globalization
Earliest traces of globalization goes back to the
Assyrian, Phoenician, and Roman times.
A pendulum that swings from one extreme to
Pendulum view of another from time to time. Globalization is neither
globalization recent or one-directional. Risk management and
scenario planning is needed.
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,3/2/25, 11:31 AM WGU C211 Study Guide (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed & elaborated…
Investment in, controlling and managing value-
added activities in other countries. In other words,
What is Foreign Direct
investment made by a firm or individual in one
Investment (FDI)?
country into business interest located in another
country. Most discussed foreign entrance is MNE.
MNE: Multinational Is a firm that engages in FDI when doing business
Enterprise abroad. FDI sets apart MNEs and non-MNEs.
-in developed economies, backlash against inbound
FDI from certain countries is not unusual. Example,
in the 1980s, Americans were alarmed by the
significant Japanese inroads into the United States.
What different political
-in some parts of the developing world, tension
views exists on FDI?
over foreign ownership can heat up. There were
numerous incidents of nationalization and
expropriation against MNE assets throughout the
developing world.
1. Capital inflow improve the host country balance
of payment. More technology, management, and
more jobs in their countries.
2. Technology, especially more advanced
technology from abroad, can create technology
spillovers that benefits domestic firms and
industries. Local rivals can learn and imitate such
What 4 benefits exist to a technology resulting in what's called demonstration
country receiving FDI? effect (contagion effect).
3. Advanced management know how may be highly
valued. It's often difficult for indigenous
development of management to know how to reach
a world-class level in absence of FDI.
4. FDI creates jobs, both directly and indirectly.
Direct benefits arise when MNEs employ individuals
locally.
1. Loss of sovereignty
What costs exist to a
2. Adverse effects on competition
country receiving FDI?
3. capital outlfow
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How do resources and Firm resources must create value when engaging
capabilities influence the rivals. The ability to respond rapidly to challenges
competitive dynamics of also adds value.
a business?
Actions and responses undertaken by competing
Competitive Dynamics
firms.
Extent to which a given competitor possesses
strategic endowment comparable in terms of both
What is resource type and amount to those of the local firm. In order
similarity? words, extent to which firm's tangible/intangible
resources are comparable to competitors in type
and amount.
Firms with a high degree of resources similarity are
How does resource
likely to have similar competitive actions. For
similarity impact
example, Apple and IBM used to have a lot of
competitive dynamics?
resource similarity in the 1990s that they fought a lot.
1. Mercantilism
Classical theory of
2. Absolute advantage
international trade.
3. Comparative advantage
Theory that suggests that the wealth of the world is
fixed and that a nation that exports more and
imports less will be richer. On the other hand, a
Mercantilism nation experiencing a trade deficit would see its
gold and silver flowing out and, consequently,
would become poorer. International trade is a zero-
sum game.
Theory that suggests that under free trade, a nation
gains by specializing in economic activities in which
it has an absolute advantage with free trade market
forces are determined with little to no government
Absolute advantage
intervention. The economic advantage one nation
enjoys that is absolutely superior to other nations.
International trade is a win-win game. There are net
gains from trade.
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