NR565 / NR 565 Final Exam Question Bank (Latest 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals |100% Correct – Chamberlain.

NR565 / NR 565 Final Exam Question Bank i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




(Latest ) Advanced Pharmacology i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Fundamentals |100% Correct – Chamberlain. i,- i,- i,- i,-




Effects of maternal hypothyroidism on offspring and appropriate
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patient teaching related to need for treatment.
i,- Can cause i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,-



delay in mental development and derangement of growth. In the
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absence of thyroid hormones, the child develops a large and
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protruding tongue, potbelly, and dwarfish stature. Development
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of the nervous system, bones, teeth, and muscles is impaired.
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Congenital Hypothyroidism Treatment requires replacement
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therapy with thyroid hormones. If treatment is initiated within a
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few days of birth, physical and mental development will be
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normal.


replacement therapy should continue for 3 years, after which it i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



should be stopped for 4 weeks to determine whether thyroid
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deficiency is permanent or transient. i,- i,- i,- i,-




Patient Teaching for Methimazole
i,- Tell your healthcare i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



providers that you are taking this drug. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Check blood work as directed.
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,Taking this drug may cause harm to the unborn baby if you are
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pregnant, especially in the first trimester. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




If you are pregnant or become pregnant while taking this drug,
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call your healthcare provider right away.
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Tell your healthcare provider if you are breast-feeding to discuss
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risks to the baby. i,- i,- i,-




Have your baby's thyroid checked if you are using this drug and
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breast-feeding.
Agranulocytosis is the most dangerous toxicity risk for this i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



medication but is very rare. Sore throat and fever should be i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



reported immediately. i,- i,-




Patient Teaching for Levothyroxine works best if you take it
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on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast.
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take the medicine at the same time each day.
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Ideal HbA1C goal for diabetic, non-pregnant adults
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- less than i,- i,-



7%.


HbA1C 8% history of severe hypoglycemia, limited life
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expectancy, or advanced microvascular or macrovascular i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



complications

,HBA1C Value considered diagnostic of diabetes.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- a value of
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6.5% or greater
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HbA1C Measuring Interval i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- every 3 months until value is <7%;
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every 6 months thereafter
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HbA1C Goal for Older Adults i,- <7.5% [58 mmol/mol]), while i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



those with multiple coexisting chronic illnesses, cognitive
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impairment, or functional dependence should have less stringent
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glycemic goals (such as A1C <8.0-8.5% [64-69 mmol/mol]).
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Criteria for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
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plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL i,- i,- i,-




-Random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL plus symptoms of
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diabetes
-Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 2-h plasma glucose ≥200
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mg/dLcor
-Hemoglobin A1c 6.5% or higher i,- i,- i,- i,-




Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Face is pale, puffy, i,- i,- i,- i,-



and expressionless.
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Skin is cold and dry.
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hair is brittle, and hair loss occurs.
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, Heart rate and temperature are lowered. The patient lethargy,
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fatigue, and intolerance to cold.
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Mentation may be impaired. i,- i,- i,-




Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- Heart Rate is Rapid; i,- i,- i,- i,-



Possible arrhythmia/angina i,-




Nervousness, insomnia, rapid thought flow, and rapid speech i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Skeletal muscles may weaken and atrophy
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Metabolic rate is raised, resulting in increased heat production,
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increased body temperature, intolerance to heat, and skin that is
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warm and moist i,- i,-




Weight loss occurs if caloric intake fails to match the increase in
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metabolic rate i,-




Severe hypothyroidism i,- i,-i,- i,- Myxedema


Hypothyroid Treatment Levothyroxine is the drug of choice
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for most patients who require thyroid hormone replacement.
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Levothyroxine (Synthroid) Therapeutic Goal Resolution of i,- i,- i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,-



signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism and restoration of normal
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laboratory values for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
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and free thyroxine (T4).
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