©THEBRIGHT 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 10:15AM A+
Genetics biol 210 Final Exam Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
(T/F) Individual organisms do not evolve, but a population of a species does. - Answer✔True
(T/F) Deoxyribonucleic acid is a chemical made up of nucleotides and proteins. - Answer✔False
(T/F) The process that produces RNA is called transcription. - Answer✔True
What best describes genetic diversity in a population? - Answer✔The organisms in a population
have different alleles of the same genes.
Differentiate genes from alleles. - Answer✔Alleles are the different variations of genes.
What is the central dogma of biology? Include the three biomolecules and three processes
involved. - Answer✔Transcription Translation
DNA --------------> RNA --------------> Proteins
(Rep.)
Differentiate homologous chromosomes from sister chromatids. - Answer✔Homologous
chromosomes
- Different alleles of the same genes may be present
- Separated during meiosis I
Sister Chromatids
- Produced during S phase
- Separated during meiosis II
- Same genes and same alleles
1
,©THEBRIGHT 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 10:15AM A+
Describe Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment - Answer✔Alleles are sorted into gametes
independently of one another.
Gene expression refers to: - Answer✔The production of functional molecules from genetic
sequences
What process produces polar bodies? - Answer✔Oogenesis
Describe the chromosome theory of inheritance. - Answer✔States that genes are located in
specific sites (loci) on chromosomes and that the genetic material is carried on chromosomes
from one generation to the next
What type of microtubule is responsible for connecting to chromatids during mitosis or
meiosis? - Answer✔Kinetochore microtubule
Differentiate a chromosome from chromatin. - Answer✔Chromosome: packaged DNA
Chromatin: DNA with proteins (histone) to condense it
Put the events of mitosis in order. - Answer✔1. S phase occurs
2. Mitotic spindles form
3. Microtubules attach to kinetochore proteins
4. Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate
5. Sister chromatids are separated
6. Cytokinesis occurs
Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic. - Answer✔Prokaryotic
- Reproduce sexually or asexually
Eukaryotic
- Have a nucleus
- Often have homologous chromosomes
- Use mitosis and meiosis
Both
- Copy chromosomes before cell division
- Includes single-celled organisms
Differentiate mitosis from meiosis. - Answer✔Mitosis makes clones of itself
2
, ©THEBRIGHT 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 10:15AM A+
Meiosis creates genetically unique gametes
Describe Mendel's Law of Segregation. - Answer✔Mendel's law that states that the pairs of
homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is
present in each gamete
Dosage compensation refers to: - Answer✔Having an equal amount of gene expression
occurring even if a chromosome is not the same.
An organism's cells have a diploid copy number of 10 (total number of chromosomes present).
Based on this information, answer the following questions.
I. What term would be used to describe a cell that has 20 chromosomes?
II. What term would be used to describe a gamete that has 5 chromosomes? - Answer✔I. What
term would be used to describe a cell that has 20 chromosomes?
Polyploid
II. What term would be used to describe a gamete that has 5 chromosomes?
Haploid
Assume a feather color phenotype is inherited through an incomplete dominance inheritance
pattern. If you cross a true-breeding yellow feather parrot (YY) with a true-breeding red feather
parrot (yy), what phenotypes do you expect the offspring to have? - Answer✔This is an example
of incomplete dominance, and all offspring will have orange feathers.
Define syntenic. - Answer✔Genes occurring on the same chromosome
A monohybrid cross of heterozygotes results in 21 offspring with phenotype 1, 23 offspring
having phenotype 2, and 45 offspring having phenotype 3. Which one of the following patterns
*cannot* explain the inheritance of this trait?
a. Codominance
b. Incomplete dominance
c. Simple dominant/recessive
d. Overdominance. - Answer✔a. Codominance
b. Incomplete dominance
*c. Simple dominant/recessive*
d. Overdominance.
X-inactivation involves an X chromosome forming what structure in a cell?
3
Genetics biol 210 Final Exam Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
(T/F) Individual organisms do not evolve, but a population of a species does. - Answer✔True
(T/F) Deoxyribonucleic acid is a chemical made up of nucleotides and proteins. - Answer✔False
(T/F) The process that produces RNA is called transcription. - Answer✔True
What best describes genetic diversity in a population? - Answer✔The organisms in a population
have different alleles of the same genes.
Differentiate genes from alleles. - Answer✔Alleles are the different variations of genes.
What is the central dogma of biology? Include the three biomolecules and three processes
involved. - Answer✔Transcription Translation
DNA --------------> RNA --------------> Proteins
(Rep.)
Differentiate homologous chromosomes from sister chromatids. - Answer✔Homologous
chromosomes
- Different alleles of the same genes may be present
- Separated during meiosis I
Sister Chromatids
- Produced during S phase
- Separated during meiosis II
- Same genes and same alleles
1
,©THEBRIGHT 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 10:15AM A+
Describe Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment - Answer✔Alleles are sorted into gametes
independently of one another.
Gene expression refers to: - Answer✔The production of functional molecules from genetic
sequences
What process produces polar bodies? - Answer✔Oogenesis
Describe the chromosome theory of inheritance. - Answer✔States that genes are located in
specific sites (loci) on chromosomes and that the genetic material is carried on chromosomes
from one generation to the next
What type of microtubule is responsible for connecting to chromatids during mitosis or
meiosis? - Answer✔Kinetochore microtubule
Differentiate a chromosome from chromatin. - Answer✔Chromosome: packaged DNA
Chromatin: DNA with proteins (histone) to condense it
Put the events of mitosis in order. - Answer✔1. S phase occurs
2. Mitotic spindles form
3. Microtubules attach to kinetochore proteins
4. Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate
5. Sister chromatids are separated
6. Cytokinesis occurs
Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic. - Answer✔Prokaryotic
- Reproduce sexually or asexually
Eukaryotic
- Have a nucleus
- Often have homologous chromosomes
- Use mitosis and meiosis
Both
- Copy chromosomes before cell division
- Includes single-celled organisms
Differentiate mitosis from meiosis. - Answer✔Mitosis makes clones of itself
2
, ©THEBRIGHT 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 10:15AM A+
Meiosis creates genetically unique gametes
Describe Mendel's Law of Segregation. - Answer✔Mendel's law that states that the pairs of
homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is
present in each gamete
Dosage compensation refers to: - Answer✔Having an equal amount of gene expression
occurring even if a chromosome is not the same.
An organism's cells have a diploid copy number of 10 (total number of chromosomes present).
Based on this information, answer the following questions.
I. What term would be used to describe a cell that has 20 chromosomes?
II. What term would be used to describe a gamete that has 5 chromosomes? - Answer✔I. What
term would be used to describe a cell that has 20 chromosomes?
Polyploid
II. What term would be used to describe a gamete that has 5 chromosomes?
Haploid
Assume a feather color phenotype is inherited through an incomplete dominance inheritance
pattern. If you cross a true-breeding yellow feather parrot (YY) with a true-breeding red feather
parrot (yy), what phenotypes do you expect the offspring to have? - Answer✔This is an example
of incomplete dominance, and all offspring will have orange feathers.
Define syntenic. - Answer✔Genes occurring on the same chromosome
A monohybrid cross of heterozygotes results in 21 offspring with phenotype 1, 23 offspring
having phenotype 2, and 45 offspring having phenotype 3. Which one of the following patterns
*cannot* explain the inheritance of this trait?
a. Codominance
b. Incomplete dominance
c. Simple dominant/recessive
d. Overdominance. - Answer✔a. Codominance
b. Incomplete dominance
*c. Simple dominant/recessive*
d. Overdominance.
X-inactivation involves an X chromosome forming what structure in a cell?
3
