A&E II EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

A&E II EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS What is the difference between pneumothorax, tension pneumothorax, and hemothorax? - Answer pneumothorax = air or gas in pleural space causing lung collapse (but some air is escaping on expiration) tension pneumothorax = air or gas in the lungs THAT CANNOT EXIT ON EXPIRATION hemothorax = blood in plural space (hemopneumothorax = blood and air) In a tension pneumothorax, air cannot escape: (+/-) pressure compresses makes lungs not be able to inflate How does this affect venous return and cardiac output - Answer POSITIVE pressure on lungs so they can't inflate pressure compresses blood vessels and , DECREASES VENOUS RETURN and DECREASES CARDIAC OUTPUT which can result in death if untreated What are some diagnosis procedures for a hemothorax/pneumothorax? - Answer ABG CXR Thoracentesis What happens anatomically with a tension pneumothorax? - Answer tracheal deviation (trachea pushed to unaffected side) heart moved slightly toward unaffected side -- lots of pressure on heart so can't expand and contact well (low CO) Lung on affected side collapses -- no breath sounds heard What are clinical manifestations of pneumothorax, hemothorax, and tension pneumothorax? What happens to the RR and HR? - Answer pneumothorax: dyspnea, decreased mvmt of involved chest wall, diminished/absent breath sounds, hyper resonance to percussion hemothorax: dyspnea, dullness to percussion, low hemoglobin, possible shock depending on blood loss