Acquired Brain Injury Exam With 223
Questions and answers Newest 20252/6
RATED A+
What is a developmental disability (DD)?
II! II! II! II! II!
Conditions that typically begin in the developmental period that can impair physical, learning, language,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
or behaviour areas.
II! II! II!
What factors can influence a DD?
II! II! II! II! II!
Factors that can influence a DD can be genetics, complications during pregnancy (malnutrition, deficits,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
and age of parent), infections during pregnancy, and exposure to environmental toxins
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is an Intellectual Disability (ID)?
II! II! II! II! II!
Limitations around intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour expressed within conceptual, social,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
and practical adaptive skills
II! II! II! II!
When does an ID typically occur? II! II! II! II! II!
Typically before a child turns 18 II! II! II! II! II!
What can influence an ID? II! II! II! II!
Factors that may influence an ID can be injury, disease, problems in the brain, and fetal alcohol syndrome.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Most of the time however, it is unknown.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a phenotype? II! II! II!
A phenotype is all observable characteristics of an organism.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are some examples of a phenotype?
II! II! II! II! II! II!
Some examples of a phenotype include physical, physiological, biochemical, and behavioural
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a genotype? II! II! II!
known as "the gene", includes genetic makeup, chromosomes, genes, and overall DNA that include the
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
set of genetic instruction for a cell
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is etiology? II! II!
Includes 4 factors including biomedical, social, behavioural, and educational
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Describe some aspects of the 4-factor approach II! II! II! II! II! II!
Biomedical (prematurity, birth injury, malnutrition), Social (family/social interaction issues, poverty),
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Behavioural (child abuse, neglect), and Educational (lack of proper schooling)
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
,What is a syndrome? II! II! II!
Mixture of physical and behavioural characteristics that form a diagnosis, often based on genes
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What phenotypes do many genetic syndromes have?
II! II! II! II! II! II!
Phenotypes that many genetic syndromes have are strengths/needs, learning style, known II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
developmental trajectory, psychiatric vulnerabilities, and associated medical issues
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Why is it important to know particular phenotypes that genetic syndromes may have?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
It is important to know because you never know what problems may arise, to make sure you are not over
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
supporting an individual, and lastly so you can accurately create behaviour support plans that focuses on
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
what is most important to the individual.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a behavioural phenotype? II! II! II! II!
Characteristic patterns of motor including: cognitive, linguistic and social abnormalities associated with a II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
biological disorder.
II! II!
What is a medical phenotype? II! II! II! II!
Physical and medical characteristics that may be associated with a particular genetic syndrome
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is an example of a genetic syndrome?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
down syndrome II!
What is the first thing to do when administering any kind of intervention that may involve medical or
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
biological variables?
II! II!
The first thing you should do is a medical consult
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What does syndrome specific information allow?
II! II! II! II! II!
It allows to better understand and prioritize specific target behaviours such as knowing that an individual
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
with down syndrome are more likely to engage in fast easting patterns.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is the most common chromosomal syndrome comorbid with an ID?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Down syndrome II!
What ABA intervention is used commonly in fragile x syndrome?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Differential reinforcement of other behaviour (DRO), and extinction II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are the 3 main parts of an ID definitions?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
the three main parts are
II! II! II! II!
1. limited intellectual functioning
II! II! II!
2. significant limitations in adaptive behaviour
II! II! II! II! II!
3. onset during child development
II! II! II! II!
What is intellectual functioning? II! II! II!
, abilities to learn, reason, plan, and solve problems.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What do adaptive behaviours refer to?
II! II! II! II! II!
Practical, conceptual, and social skills that are learned to function in the world
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
True or False: Intellectual disabilities can be obtained at any time
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
False. Intellectual disabilities present at birth, usually visibly. Anytime after this is not an ID
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What areas of life can limited adaptive skills/behaviour affect?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
it can affect conceptual (academics, abstract concepts, self direction), social (rules/cures, managing
II! II! II! II! II! II! I I! II! II! II! II!
emotions/behaviours, building relationships), and practical (hygiene, household tasks, holding a job)
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
True or false: ID is a TYPE of developmental disability
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
true
What is a cognitive disability? II! II! II! II!
Affects a persons mental ability, but is not an ID. Can be comorbid with an ID
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a learning disability? II! II! II! II!
Affects an individuals ability to understand words, numbers, and other subjects (NOT intelligence).
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are the four most common causes of ID?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
the four most common causes are genetic conditions, medical issues, the environment, and toxins.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
True or false: the MORE genes that are affected in a genetic conditions means the disability is considered
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
mild.
II!
False. The more genes that are affected, the more significant the disability.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are the 4 levels of severity for disabilities?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
the four levels are mild, moderate, severe, and profound
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What severity is described: Needs help with basic skills, can do simple school, needs ongoing support for
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
complex tasks, judgement and problem solving.
II! II! II! II! II! II!
A Moderate Severity
II! II!
What is the purpose of supports?II! II! II! II! II!
To help a person move closer to desired outcomes
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What do service plan include? II! II! II! II!
Service plans include essential needs, goals/outcomes, how to reach a goal, how to support the individual,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
and tools to increase independence
II! II! II! II! II!
What is informal teaching? II! II! II!
Questions and answers Newest 20252/6
RATED A+
What is a developmental disability (DD)?
II! II! II! II! II!
Conditions that typically begin in the developmental period that can impair physical, learning, language,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
or behaviour areas.
II! II! II!
What factors can influence a DD?
II! II! II! II! II!
Factors that can influence a DD can be genetics, complications during pregnancy (malnutrition, deficits,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
and age of parent), infections during pregnancy, and exposure to environmental toxins
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is an Intellectual Disability (ID)?
II! II! II! II! II!
Limitations around intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour expressed within conceptual, social,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
and practical adaptive skills
II! II! II! II!
When does an ID typically occur? II! II! II! II! II!
Typically before a child turns 18 II! II! II! II! II!
What can influence an ID? II! II! II! II!
Factors that may influence an ID can be injury, disease, problems in the brain, and fetal alcohol syndrome.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Most of the time however, it is unknown.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a phenotype? II! II! II!
A phenotype is all observable characteristics of an organism.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are some examples of a phenotype?
II! II! II! II! II! II!
Some examples of a phenotype include physical, physiological, biochemical, and behavioural
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a genotype? II! II! II!
known as "the gene", includes genetic makeup, chromosomes, genes, and overall DNA that include the
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
set of genetic instruction for a cell
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is etiology? II! II!
Includes 4 factors including biomedical, social, behavioural, and educational
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Describe some aspects of the 4-factor approach II! II! II! II! II! II!
Biomedical (prematurity, birth injury, malnutrition), Social (family/social interaction issues, poverty),
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Behavioural (child abuse, neglect), and Educational (lack of proper schooling)
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
,What is a syndrome? II! II! II!
Mixture of physical and behavioural characteristics that form a diagnosis, often based on genes
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What phenotypes do many genetic syndromes have?
II! II! II! II! II! II!
Phenotypes that many genetic syndromes have are strengths/needs, learning style, known II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
developmental trajectory, psychiatric vulnerabilities, and associated medical issues
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Why is it important to know particular phenotypes that genetic syndromes may have?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
It is important to know because you never know what problems may arise, to make sure you are not over
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
supporting an individual, and lastly so you can accurately create behaviour support plans that focuses on
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
what is most important to the individual.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a behavioural phenotype? II! II! II! II!
Characteristic patterns of motor including: cognitive, linguistic and social abnormalities associated with a II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
biological disorder.
II! II!
What is a medical phenotype? II! II! II! II!
Physical and medical characteristics that may be associated with a particular genetic syndrome
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is an example of a genetic syndrome?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
down syndrome II!
What is the first thing to do when administering any kind of intervention that may involve medical or
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
biological variables?
II! II!
The first thing you should do is a medical consult
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What does syndrome specific information allow?
II! II! II! II! II!
It allows to better understand and prioritize specific target behaviours such as knowing that an individual
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
with down syndrome are more likely to engage in fast easting patterns.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is the most common chromosomal syndrome comorbid with an ID?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Down syndrome II!
What ABA intervention is used commonly in fragile x syndrome?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Differential reinforcement of other behaviour (DRO), and extinction II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are the 3 main parts of an ID definitions?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
the three main parts are
II! II! II! II!
1. limited intellectual functioning
II! II! II!
2. significant limitations in adaptive behaviour
II! II! II! II! II!
3. onset during child development
II! II! II! II!
What is intellectual functioning? II! II! II!
, abilities to learn, reason, plan, and solve problems.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What do adaptive behaviours refer to?
II! II! II! II! II!
Practical, conceptual, and social skills that are learned to function in the world
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
True or False: Intellectual disabilities can be obtained at any time
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
False. Intellectual disabilities present at birth, usually visibly. Anytime after this is not an ID
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What areas of life can limited adaptive skills/behaviour affect?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
it can affect conceptual (academics, abstract concepts, self direction), social (rules/cures, managing
II! II! II! II! II! II! I I! II! II! II! II!
emotions/behaviours, building relationships), and practical (hygiene, household tasks, holding a job)
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
True or false: ID is a TYPE of developmental disability
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
true
What is a cognitive disability? II! II! II! II!
Affects a persons mental ability, but is not an ID. Can be comorbid with an ID
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What is a learning disability? II! II! II! II!
Affects an individuals ability to understand words, numbers, and other subjects (NOT intelligence).
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are the four most common causes of ID?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
the four most common causes are genetic conditions, medical issues, the environment, and toxins.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
True or false: the MORE genes that are affected in a genetic conditions means the disability is considered
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
mild.
II!
False. The more genes that are affected, the more significant the disability.
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What are the 4 levels of severity for disabilities?
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
the four levels are mild, moderate, severe, and profound
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What severity is described: Needs help with basic skills, can do simple school, needs ongoing support for
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
complex tasks, judgement and problem solving.
II! II! II! II! II! II!
A Moderate Severity
II! II!
What is the purpose of supports?II! II! II! II! II!
To help a person move closer to desired outcomes
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
What do service plan include? II! II! II! II!
Service plans include essential needs, goals/outcomes, how to reach a goal, how to support the individual,
II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
and tools to increase independence
II! II! II! II! II!
What is informal teaching? II! II! II!
